wong hua sim
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TITTLE:Human as a Complex
Organism
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The types and
funct ions o f humancel ls
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THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS
OF HUMAN CELLS Epithel ial c ells
Cover outer surface of the body, line cavities
and protect
Used in the absorption and excretion of
substances.
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Sperms
Fertilise an egg, enabling information to be
transferred from one generation to the next Nerve cells
Detect stimuli from the surrounding
environment
Transmit electrical signals to all parts of the
body
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Organ isat ion o f cel ls
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Epithel ial t issue
Acts as a protective lining and covering of
the surfaces of the skin and organs. For examples, the inner walls of the digestive
tract and alveoli.
Connect ive t issue
Forms the structural framework of the body.
Provides protection for vital organs.
Provides support for interconnection.
Transports nutrients and waste products.
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Nerve t issue
Carries information in the form of electrical
impulses. A nerve tissue is like a cable with many small
wires transmitting information to the centralnervous system (CNS) and from the CNS to the
different parts of the body. Muscle t issue
Enables body movement through contractions.
The movement may involve the whole body, part
of it or some material along a tube within it, forexample, the intestinal tract, blood vessels, irisand heart.
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HUMAN BEINGS ARE
COMPLEX ORGANISMS
The human body is made up of bi l l ions o f cells. It
is a complex organism .
The process in which each type of cel l is
specia lised to perform speci f ic funct ion is known asdiv is ion of labour.
Divis ion of labour among cel ls, t issues, organs
and sys tems ensu res a smooth and eff ic ient
funct ion ing of the hum an body.The human body is m ade up of many systems.
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ORGANISATION OF HUMANS
CELLS Cell - di f ferent cel ls in the body carry ou t dif ferent fun ct ion s.
Examples: muscle cells, bloo d cel ls and n erve cel ls.
Tissue – is made up of the same type of cel ls. Examples:
musc le t issue, con nect ive t issue, epithelia l t issu e and nerve
tissue.
Organ – con sists of di f ferent t issu es that are grou ped
together to per form a funct ion. Examples: stom ach, lungs and
heart.
System – co nsists of di f ferent organs that work to gether to
perform a fun ct ion . Examples: digest ive sys tem, respiratorysys tem and reproduct ive system.
Organism – is made up of dif ferent sys tem.
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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM
Digest ive system
Digests different classes of food so that the nutrients
can be absorbed easily by the body.
Endocr ine system
Produces hormones
Coordinates and controls body responses to stimuli,
and life processes such as reproduction and growth
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HUMAN BODY SYSTE M
Nervous system
Coordinates and controls most nerve activities
Receives external stimuli and coordinates responses
Skeletal system
Supports the body
Protects internal organs
Enables body movement
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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM
Blood ci rculatory system
Transports oxygen and food to all parts of the bodyTransports excretory products
Muscu lar system
Allows body movement
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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM
Excretory system
Removes excretory products from the body
•Lungs- remove carbon dioxide and water vapour
•
Kidneys- remove urea, mineral salts and water•Skin- removes urea mineral salts and water
Lymphatic sys tem
Returns lymph to the bloodstreamProtects the body from disease-causing
organisms
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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM
Reproduct ive sys temProduces reproductive cells.
Female - the ovary produces ova.
Male – the testis produces sperms.
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PICTURES HUMAN BODY
SYSTEM
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Digestive system Endocrine system
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Nervous system Skeletal system
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Blood circulatory Muscular system
system
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Excrectory system Lymphatic system
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Reproductive system
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