Women Group- based Pullet Supply Business Development in Selected Kebeles of Dale PLW

A poultry value chain development IPMS experience

By Kettema Yilma1 , Azage Tegegene,2 Lemlem Aregu3 , Dirk Hoektra4, Tesfaye Lema5 and Mulugeta Yigzaw6

11th regional conference of Southern and Eastern African Association for Farming research-Extensions (SEAAFSRE)

South Africa, 19-21 November 2012

Dale location in SNNPRS

Dale agro-ecology

Background

Market oriented small-scale poultry development is a feasible means of supporting livelihood urban and peri-urban small farmers:

There is growing demand for poultry (egg & meat encouraging prices)

Good market access( accessible to booming urban cities (Awassa & Dilla, new universities and growing tourist industry)

Presence of egg supply net work system liking produces with consumers (traditional and privately organized)

Require smaller space and capital Quick turnover on investmentNB: with high risk wo all inputs and services in place

Diagnostic survey indicated production and productivity of the traditional scavenging system was not very productive and so also the contribution to livelihood !

No support in studying the indigenous chicken for their potential

No extension support for the indigenous chicken Input required to sustain poultry production

(Feed, drug/vaccines ) not in place Growth is slow and egg production is low

compared to the commercial layers (Low in-put and low output)

The main challenges for scaling up commercial type of poultry

Mainly on the input supply side: Pullets (shortage of appropriate type of

commercial pullets supply) Feed supply not (require high quality feed

competing with human being) Disease control/drugs and vaccines Marketing of both poultry and eggs (the

traditional market linkage cause lose of quality of eggs)

Challenges continued

Extension system: Limited extension support There were the comprehensive package (25,50 &

100 commercial breed chicken but require high (25%) down payment

Regular extension package (1 male and 1 pullet) Both constrained due to high down payment and

no credit facilities)

The value chain intervention

During value chain development planning with key stakeholders shortage of supply of pullets was identified as a priority area of intervention to be considered!

Intervention: Women-group based pullet rearing and supply system as an alternative input supplier to small commercial rearing urban and peri-urban egg producers (initiated 2006)

The pullet input supply system (sub system in poultry chain)

Pullets sold to urban & peri-urban egg producers

Day old chicken supply from poultry multiplication centres

Pullets raised for sale by women

Egg supply to consumers

To demonstrate a new approach for the input systemWomen based poultry rearing and distribution systemTo improve production and income of women

The main value chain intervention

Production Intervention:Extension and capacity building: Site selection and group formation: WoA identified kebeles and later on women to be

involved: Criteria include biophysical information of each kebele Access to clean water Road access to the village and to market Women participate voluntary bases as well as their

industriousness & credit worthiness.

Group formation

5 kebeles identified and DAs selected 80 participant women

A loose group of 5 clusters were formed to Facilitate communication externally and internally, K-

sharing and eventually marketing Each group has its selected peer leaders Women in cluster are with in 15-20 minutes distance

from centre of village (to reduce walking distance for vaccine delivery and close enough to share k and help each other)

A loose group of five clusters were formed in Ajawa (20), S.mesenkela (20), D.kege (20) Soyama (10) and Weynenata (10)

Clustering for linkage, communication and training Each cluster has its peer leader

Training

Woreda vets trained by regional vets from poultry multiplication centre on vaccines and drugs administration.

Woreda vets under supervision hand on training to women on vaccine administration

WoA /IPMS conducted training to women groups in each kebele on: skills in handling and raising day-old chickens up to the age of pullet hood.

WoA/IPMS trained urban farmers in poultry mgmt and egg production.

Acquaint assistant vets of WoA and farmers with poultry vaccines and way of delivering

Training approach for village women

Women consulted to identify venue & time of training

Training is mainly participatory, build on their indigenous K, impart new info & K and also build new skills

Hand-on practical training in managing the new technology: hay box brooder, watering, feeding and hygiene

TrainingIn cordial environment

Introduce the new technology

Let them take over the stick

Production intervention Training Hay box brooder Poultry feed & feeding Feederers and waterer Hay box brooder

management Poultry vaccines

Input supply: Hay box brooder and feederer

assembled locally Waterers made by local potters Feed purchase facilitated from

DZ Provision made for purchase and

delivery of vaccines (cluster approach to create critical number of chickens)

Innovation credit fund through RFFA(each woman received Birr 1300 in group loan)

Production and input intervention

Visit commercial poultry farm

50 day old chicken delivered

Chicken hosed in hay box brooder

Hay box brooder:• Provide safety (low mortality)• Provide comfort & ease mgt.• Low cost

Production and input intervention

Vaccines;HB 1 3-7 daysLasota: 3rd,7th and 14th wksGumbaro at station

Feed starter and grower ration from DZ

Waterer and feederer locally produced

Result

80 women managed to raise 3733 (of which 3376 pullets were sold while 357 was kept by women).

Pullets were sold to urban farmers in Y. Alem, Awassa and Boricha woreda, Safety net program

Survival was 93.3% (mortality 6.7%) The average net return per member was Birr 812

(with a range of 2400 at the highest and Birr 500)

Cost and return estimates for production cycle (6 months)

Item quantity Unit value/Birr

Total value in Birr

Pullets sold 3376 50 168,800Pullets kept 357 50 17,8500Total gross return 186,650Cost ItemsDay-old chicken purchase 4000 15 60,000Feed 28,815.99Transport 7,280Travel expenses 2,400Sale cost 750Interest rate (7.5%X1/2) 3,900Depreciation 18,477.6Total cost of production & marketing 121,593.59Total net return to labor & managementAverage net return per day old chick

The pullet input supply system

Training, feed supply, market information and linkages

Credit to buy Day old chickensTraining mgmt

Hay brooder, training, feed vaccine , credit fundl

Day old chicken supply

Pullets raising

Pullets sold to urban & peri-urban egg producers

Market information and linkages

BDSs:Extension service, microfinance, multiplication centres, feed producers, NVA, privates drug shops, egg collectors and merchants

Main challenges

High price for day old chickens Lack of input suppliers mainly for feed and

drugs/vaccines Lack of continuous supply of day old chickens

Locally made incubator with 300-1000 egg setting size could serve local demand for day old chickens