women welfare, senior citizen welfare and welfare
TRANSCRIPT
Women Welfare, Senior Citizen Welfare And Welfare Services
For Persons With DisabilitySubmitted To: Sir Shafique SahabSubmitted By: Group No. 5 Ruksana Qasim Roll No. 37Khurshid Manzoor Roll No. 36Muhammad IftakharRoll No. 13Subject: Social WorkMSc. Sociology 2nd SamesterBahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Welfare and Concepts of Welfare:• What is welfare? • Welfare derives from wel fare, that is from “well in its still familiar sense and fare,
primarily understood as a journey or arrival but later also as a supply of food” (Williams 1976, 281).• The word welfare has historically been related to happiness and prosperity, whereas
its current understanding first emerged in the 20th century (Williams 1976). • The concept of welfare has to be understood in the historical and cultural context
within which it is embedded. However, there is no intention here to enter into a long historical analysis of the concept. The Welfare State Reader has a section on approaches to welfare and many references to welfare, but this is only in connection with other words, namely asymmetries, institutions, reforms, regimes, and state (Pierson & Castles 2006).• Definition of Welfare:• Welfare means faring or doing well. It is a comprehensive term, and refers to the
physical, mental, moral and emotional well-being of an individual. The term welfare is a relative concept, relative in time and space. It, therefore, varies from time to time, region to region and from country to country.
Women WelfarePresented by Rukhsan Qasim
Problems Faced by Woman
• Gender Discrimination• Violence against Woman• Honour Killing• Acid Attacks• Domestic Violence• Target killing• Sharia Law in Pakistan• Hadood Ordinance• Female Literacy Issues in Rural
Areas of Pakistan
• Status of Women’s Health In Pakistan
• Family Planning Scheme• Female Employment• Challenges Faced by Women
Workers• Harassment at work place• Lower Pay-scale• Married Working Women• Negative attitudes of male co-
workers• Transport
Facilities Available for Women• Special Institutions:• Ombudsperson:• Punjab Commission on
the Status of Women (PCSW):• Punjab Day Care Fund
Society:• Working Women
Hostels• Annual Development
Program
• Empowerment Packages:• Public Sector
Employment :• Maternity Leave:• Day Care Centers:• Women Entrepreneurs• Interest Free Loans for
Women:• Other Measures
Laws and Rules:• The Punjab Fair Representation of Women Act-2014• The Punjab Protection against Harassment of Women Amended Act-
2012• The Punjab Commission on the Status of Women Act 2014• The Punjab Land Revenue (Amendment) Act 2012• Stamp Act, 1964• Waiver of Registration Fee for Women• The Punjab Partition of Immoveable Property Act, 2012• Anti-Women Practices Act 2011• Domestic violence (Prevention and Protection) Act 2012• Prevention of Acid crimes incidents• Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929• The Punjab Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Bill 2015
Women Welfare Organizations
• All Pakistan women’s Association: • Acid Survivors Foundation, Pakistan:• Aurat Foundation• Kaarvan Foundation• Sarim Burney Welfare Trust• Shahina Aftab Foundation (SAF)• Bedari
Welfare of Senior CitizensPresented By: Muhammad Iftikhar
Senior Citizens:
• Elderly persons, usually more than sixty or sixty-five years of age.• People in the United States who are more than sixty years of
age are commonly referred to as senior citizens or seniors. These terms refer to people whose stage in life is generally called old age, though there is no precise way to identify the final stage of a normal life span.• People are said to be senior citizens when they reach the age
of sixty or sixty five because those are the ages at which most people retire from the workforce.
The Problem of Ageing:• Physical and mental health:• Financial capacity: • lack of financial stability and love.• Elderly people die miserably due to lack of food and medical attention.• They develop psychotic disorders due to depression and dejection.• They develop certain diseases by not eating healthy food which is not
providing the necessary multi-vitamins needed to survive in the old age.• Employees Old age benefits pension money is used by their family
members.• They have very limited social life.• Lack of religious and basic education deprived them from doing anything
useful to pass the time.• Children of even well settled families tend to ignore grandparents who
just need to share love with them and focus.
Planning Options for Aging Seniors
There are a number of strategies that are useful for assisting aging seniors plan for their final years of life. We will discuss these planning options in greater detail in future articles. For now, here is a list of some of the planning options that can be pursued.• Care management advice for caregivers• Implementing estate planning with asset preservation
strategies• Targeted planning strategies to meet specific needs of the
senior and the family• Designing and implementing a formal final years plan.
Major Achievements & Programmes Underway
• National Senior Citizen Task Force• Programmers/Projects Undertaken For The Benefit Of
Senior Citizens:• Old People’s Homes:• International Plan of Action:
Process/Vision for The Future:
• Senior Citizens Talent Pool• Social and Economic Security:• Special Handling Counters at Public Places:
Services for The Persons with Disability
Presented By: Khurshid Manzoor
Definition of Disability:
• the condition of being disabled• limitation in the ability to pursue an occupation because of a
physical or mental impairment; also : a program providing financial support to one affected by disability (went on disability after the injury)• lack of legal qualification to do something• a disqualification, restriction, or disadvantage.• A condition (such as an illness or an injury) that damages or
limits a person's physical or mental abilities• The condition of being unable to do things in the normal way :
the condition of being disabled
The Prevalence of Disabilities• National census 1998 reports 2.49% prevalence
• Physically Handicapped 19%• Mentally Handicapped & Insane 14%• Multiple Disability 8.21%• Visually Impaired 8.6%• Hearing Impaired 7.40%• Others 43.33%
• WHO estimates 6% of the population as disabled• Small scale in depth studies claim 6 to 14%• Of 180 million population the number of persons with disabilities
range from 4 to 8 million in Pakistan• 45% of these are children under age 18• At least 3 million adults (both genders included) need
rehabilitation through some kind of employment.
Division of Disability:
• Head Injuries - Brain Disability:• Vision Disability:• Hearing Disability:• Cognitive or Learning Disabilities:• Psychological Disorders and Injuries• Invisible Disabilities:
Defining the Meaning of ICF:
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, also known as ICF, is a classification of the health components of functioning and disability. The World Health Assembly on May 22, 2001, approved the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and its abbreviation of "ICF." This classification was first created in 1980 and then called the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps, or ICIDH by WHO to provide a unifying framework for classifying the health components of functioning and disability.
Education of Disable Children:• At least 2 million school age children are at high risk• In spite of all good efforts and spending only 40,000 (2%)
have access to special education• Another 2 % are in ordinary schools with out much academic
support• Special education only caters for the urban children • About 1.5 million rural children have no access to education • Right to education is still a big question mark• The children without disabilities have far better access (above
65%) to education
Disability and Employment:• The relationship between Employment and disability is two
way: disability adds to the risk of poverty and conditions of poverty increase the risk of disability. • At least 20% of the people living below the poverty line suffer
from disability as well.• Disability is a relative term like poverty, relying on
interpretation of a ‘normal activity’ • Norms vary: an impairment considered to be disabling in one
environment may not be in another.• Disability is inherently difficult to observe; and required
subjective assessment. The subjectivity of the judgment makes disability a political issue.
Disability Leads to Poverty:• Disability leads to poverty in the following ways;• Loss of income• Additional cost of disability management• Exclusion from services and/or social and community activities
because of stigmatization and other negative attitude of the society• Reduced opportunities for work for the families with children having
disability• Low expectations in terms of capacity to earn• Lack of technical and financial support• Disabling environment particularly with reference to social services
such as healthcare, education, protection • Unfriendly job market
Poverty Leads to Disability:Poverty creates following conditions which increases the risk of disability;• Overburden and impoverished family (not able to meet basic needs)• Poor nutrition and poor body defense against disease• Illiteracy and lack of awareness about health and welfare• Poor health due unaffordable healthcare cost• Lack of access to basic services that prevent disability• Over-working more often in risky physical labor environments• Un-employment, under-employment and low wage rate• Changing Perspectives of Disability There is a shift in understanding
of disability from a condition of “abnormality” to a case of “human diversity” with equal rights and privileges
Disability A Case of Poverty Alleviation:
• Persons with disabilities are poorest of the poor• They constitute a “population most at risk” • Disability is seen as a “burden on society”• Poverty cannot be alleviated without addressing the needs of
persons with disabilities• Persons with disabilities are “human capital”• Disability is a “business case” • There is a loss of GDP if people with disabilities do not have
access to decent work and employment• Social protection plan for persons with profound disabilities
Disability A Case of Human Rights:
• Persons with disabilities have right to social, political and economical inclusion• This inclusion requires barrier free access to state resources and
services to ensure meaningful participation• Persons with disabilities are “claimants” to a dignified life as
citizen of the state• The public institutions are “duty bearers” as safeguard against all
forms of discrimination• The creation of “enabling environment” should be the target
instead of “rehabilitation” • There is a need to welcome and accommodate “human diversity”
instead of labeling it as a “handicap” and a case clinical treatment.
International Commitments:• UN Declaration of Human Rights [1948], • UN Convention on the Rights of the Child [1989], • World Declaration on Education for All [1990], • UN Standard Rules on Equalization of Opportunities for Persons
with Disabilities [1993],• Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action [1994], • Dakar Framework for Action [2000], • UN Millennium Development Goals [2001] • National Policy for Persons with Disabilities [2002]• UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2007• Sustainable Development Goals SGDs 2015
Access to following services is extremely limited:
• Early identification and intervention• Appropriate education and training • Health care and allied services • Recreation and entertainment • Social and political inclusion and participation• Decent work and employment • Financial support and social protection• Legal protection and access to justice• Old age benefits• Inclusive Education
The only way forward:
• The dream of 100% enrollment as perceived in the UN Millennium Development Goals can not come true without addressing the educational need of children with disabilities• Special schools, in spite of all their benefits, have failed to
nurture a natural growth of these children because of social segregation.• The cost of special education is Rs.30,000 per child per year as
compared to Rs.2500 for a child studying in an ordinary school.• The most economical solution would be to make the primary
school functioning at the doorstep open to all children through inclusive education.• The Definition of the Role of IE
Legislation and Policy Reforms• Disabled Persons (Employment and Rehabilitation) Ordinance, 1981:• National Policy for Persons with Disabilities (2002):• National Plan of Action for Persons with Disabilities, 2006:• Special Citizens Act, 2008: • Special Citizens (Right to Concessions in Movement) Act, 2009:• Duty Free Import of Car: • Disabled Persons (Employment and Rehabilitation) Ordinance, 1981;
Government of Pakistan• National Plan of Action for the Persons with Disabilities, 2006; Directorate
General of Special Education, Government of Pakistan.• Special Citizens Act, 2008; Government of Pakistan.• Special Citizens (Right to Concessions in Movement) Act, 2009;
Government of Pakistan• Banking Services
Proposed Initiatives and recommendations:
• Collection of Reliable Data:• Improvements in Policy, Legislative and Enforcement
Framework • Performance of the National Trust for the Disabled Persons: • Micro Credit Facilities: • Simplification of Procedure to get transport concessions: • Continuous Media Campaign: • Brail as Optional Subject:
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