women empowerment through entrepreneurship and ict

7/21/2019 Women Empowerment Through Entrepreneurship and ICT

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/& open! $p a direct "indo" or "omen to the o$t!ide "orld. /normation

no" lo"! to them "itho$t di!tortion or any orm o cen!orin) and they have

acce!! to !ame inormation a! their male co$nterpart. /& are clo!ely lined to

po"er and the ability to aect chane. /t can create ne" opport$nitie! by

epandin inormation lo"! and by main comm$nication! more acce!!ible)

people livin in poverty can mae better choice!) voice their opinion!) demand their

riht! and have more po"er over their o"n live!. /normation technoloy ha!

become a potent orce in tran!ormin !ocial) economic) and political lie lobally.

&he importance o main!treamin a ender e*$ality per!pective into the

proce!! o b$ildin an /normation ociety "a! $nderlined in the Dec%aration o&

'rincip%es o& the Wor%d (ummit on the In&ormation (ociety )W(I(* adopted

by more than 17 co$ntrie! in 2003 0+e a11ir# that evelo$#ent o1 I'/s $rovides

enor#o%s o$$ort%nities 1or o#en, ho sho%ld e an integral $art o1, and ey

actors, in the In1or#ation Society5 +e are co##itted to ens%ring that the

In1or#ation Society65

Empowerment

Women Empowerment reer! to increa!in the !pirit$al) political) !ocial)

ed$cational) ender) or economic !trenth o individ$al! and comm$nitie! o

"omen. -mpo"erment i! probably the totality o the ollo"in or !imilar capabilitie!

• %eci!ion'5ain po"er o their o"n

• Acce!! to inormation and re!o$rce! or tain proper deci!ion

• :avin a rane o option! ;choice!

• A!!ertivene!! in collective deci!ion main

• <o!itive thinin on the ability to mae chane

• Ability to learn !ill!.

• Ability to chane other!, perception! by democratic mean!.

• /nvolvin in the ro"th proce!! and chane! that i! never endin and !el'

initiated



• /ncrea!in one,! po!itive !el'imae and overcomin !tima

Women Entrepreneurs

An entreprene$r i! a per!on "ho combine! capital and labor or prod$ction.

Accordin to antillion =entreprene$r i! the aent "ho b$y! mean! o prod$ction atcertain price!) in order to !ell at price! that are certain at the moment at "hich he

commit! him!el to hi! co!t=. Accordin to <.> %r$cer = he i! one "ho al"ay! 1

!earche! or chane 2 re!pond! to it 3 eploit! it a! an opport$nity.= omen

-ntreprene$r! may be deined a! the "omen or a ro$p o "omen "ho initiate)

oranie and operate a b$!ine!! enterpri!e. ?overnment o /ndia ha! deined

"omen entreprene$r! a! an enterpri!e o"ned and controlled by a "omen havin a

minim$m inancial intere!t o 1 o the capital and ivin at lea!t 1 o

employment enerated in the enterpri!e to "omen.

Types o& Women Entrepreneurs

• A&&%uent Entrepreneurs -ntreprene$r! "ho are rom rich b$!ine!! amilie!.

• 'ush +actors <$!h actor! are element! o nece!!ity !$ch a! in!$icient

amily income) di!!ati!action "ith !alarie! ob) diic$lty in indin "or and a

need or leible "or !ched$le beca$!e o amily re!pon!ibilitie!.• 'u%% +actors >actor! that "or a! entreprene$rial drive actor! relate to

independence) !el'$lillment) entreprene$rial drive and de!ire or "ealth)po"er and !ocial !tat$!) co'operation and !$pport o amily member! and a

!tron net"or o contact!.• (e%& Emp%oyed Entrepreneurs <oor and very poor "omen in villae! and

to"n rely heavily on their o"n eort! or !$!tenance. -. andle main)

Aarbatti main) !$pply o tea to oice!) tiin !ervice!.• "ura% Enterprises omen in r$ral area!;villae! !tart enterpri!e! "hich

need! le!! oraniation) ri! and !ill. -. %airy prod$ct!) picle) pappad)

aery main.

(tatus o& women entrepreneurs in India

-ntreprene$r!hip i! con!idered a! one o the mo!t important actor!

contrib$tin to the development o !ociety. /ndia ha! been raned amon the "or!t

perormin co$ntrie! in the area o "omen entreprene$r!hip in ender'oc$!ed



lobal entreprene$r!hip !$rvey) relea!ed in B$ly 2013 by < maer %ell and

a!hinton ba!ed con!$ltin irm ?lobal -ntreprene$r!hip and %evelopment

/n!tit$te ?-%/. ( the 17 co$ntrie! !$rveyed /ndia ran! 16th) $!t above

Canda. o$ntrie! lie &$rey) 5orocco and -ypt have o$tperormed /ndia. tat$!

o hiher ed$cation in "omen in /ndia came o$t to be lo"er than mo!t co$ntrie! in

the "orld. At pre!ent) "omen,! entreprene$rial role i! limited in the lare !cale

ind$!trie! and technoloy ba!ed b$!ine!!e!. D$t even in !mall !cale ind$!trie!) the

"omen,! participation i! very lo". A! per the third all'/ndia cen!$! o mall cale

/nd$!trie!) only 10.11 o the micro and !mall enterpri!e! "ere o"ned by "omen)

and only 9.46 o them "ere manaed by "omen. hile the n$mber o "omen

operatin their o"n b$!ine!! i! increa!in lobally) "omen contin$e to ace h$e

ob!tacle! that !t$nt the ro"th o their b$!ine!!e!) !$ch a! lac o capital) !trict!ocial con!traint!) and limited time and !ill.

0I'/s have eco#e essential enalers o1 socioecono#ic develo$#ent 555 /odays

and to#orros technologies ill hel$ ring the Millenni%# evelo$#ent Goals

ithin reach56 ) Dan Ei'5oon ecretary'?eneral Cnited Fation!

What is ICT,

In1or#ation and 'o##%nication /echnologies broadly reer to !et o

activitie! that acilitateGby electronic mean!Gthe capt$rin) !torae) proce!!in)

tran!mi!!ion) and di!play o inormation. /normation and omm$nication!

&echnoloy i! =an %#rella ter# that incl%des co#$%ter hardare and so1tare

digital roadcast and teleco##%nications technologies as ell as electronic

in1or#ation re$ositories s%ch as the +orld +ide +e or those 1o%nd on '-R9Ms

)Selyn 22*5 It re$resents a road and contin%ally evolving range o1 ele#ents

that 1%rther incl%des television )/*, radio, #oile $hones, and the $olicies and

las that govern these #edia and devices=

ICT and Women

/n the recent pa!t) /&! have been added to the "omen and ender e*$ality

debate. /&! are bein pre!ented a! a tool havin potential to beneit "omen,!

+empo"erment, and a n$mber o /& proect! that !peciically taret "omen have

been e!tabli!hed in !everal developed and $nderdeveloped co$ntrie!. /& oer the



opport$nitie! or direct) interactive comm$nication even by tho!e "ho lac !ill!)

"ho are illiterate) lac mobility and have little !el'conidence.

/&! can play a cr$cial role in empo"erin "omen entreprene$r!) e!pecially "hen

co$pled "ith policie! addre!!in con!traint! that they ace at the macro and

!y!temic level.

H /&! are e!pecially "ell adapted or "omen entreprene$r! "ho are oten $lin

amily "ith entreprene$rial re!pon!ibilitie! and can beneit !tronly rom the time

eiciencie! and location leibilitie! "hich /&! mae po!!ible.

H -mpo"erin "omen entreprene$r! thro$h /&! re*$ire! a m$lti'!taeholder

eort. &here i! a need or collaboration bet"een overnment!) the private !ector)

b$!ine!! intermediarie! and civil !ociety to !$pport the $!e o dierent /&! amon

"omen entreprene$r!. /t i! al!o important that the per!pective o "omen

entreprene$r! at the ra!!'root level can be eectively bro$ht to the attention o

policy maer!) "hich are oten men.

H &he diver!ity o "omen entreprene$r! "a! empha!ied. &he val$e o dierent

/&! to a "oman entreprene$r varie! dependin on the nat$re and !ie o b$!ine!!)

the eoraphical location) ind$!try and the capabilitie! needed to mae $!e o the

technoloy.

H omen,! entreprene$r!hip a!!ociation! can play an important role in helpin to

brin /&! to "omen entreprene$r!) e!pecially in developin co$ntrie!.

trenthenin the /& capacity o !$ch a!!ociation! in developin co$ntrie! may be

an eective !tratey.

H /& capacity'b$ildin and trainin i! e!!ential or "omen entreprene$r! to beneit

rom the opport$nitie! "hich /&! oer. Iiteracy con!traint! "here many "omen

cannot read or "rite con!train their $!e o certain /&!. Da!ic trainin "hich !ho"

"omen entreprene$r! ho" to $!e mobile phone!) comp$ter!) !ocial media and

other /&! are !tronly needed.

H &he lac o /& and electricity inra!tr$ct$re in r$ral area! oten mae! acce!!

impo!!ible in r$ral area!. &here i! a need to accelerate the eective implementation

o relevant inra!tr$ct$re or "omen entreprene$r! in r$ral area! to beneit.



-ere are some aspects o& %i&e which ha.e a direct in&%uence o& ICT

especia%%y on women

i omen,! increa!ed acce!! to ob 5aret and improve entreprene$r!hip $!in

/&

ii /ncrea!e o averae ho$!ehold income in villae!

iii omen empo"erment

iv hrinin /normation A!ymmetry thro$h /&.

v /mproved ?overnance

vi /ndieno$! Eno"lede

vii -a!y'>amily comm$nication

viii /ncrea!e ocial a"arene!!

(trategies &or ICT &or women Entrepreneurship

A proper rame"or o the !trateie! or all actor! involved or /&

entreprene$r!hip i! a m$!t. &he rea!on i! that inra!tr$ct$re or the /& or /&

ba!ed entreprene$r!hip cannot be created by individ$al!. &he maor actor! are

academia) overnment and b$!ine!!.

Academia Academia need! to develop both entreprene$rial !ill! and /& !ill!

amon entreprene$r!. &he c$rric$l$m o trainin proram or even eneral

ed$cation proram! m$!t incl$de early ed$cation on inancial manaement and

plannin !ill!) early ed$cation on entreprene$rial !ill!) and enco$rae !t$dent! to

eplore entreprene$rial p$r!$it! d$rin !chool term a! part o credit. /t m$!t

incl$de early !tart to /& !ill! and $!e o /& tool! or teachin. /t !ho$ld

enco$rae $!ae o /& and hihliht role model!.

Conc%usions

&he elimination o ob!tacle! or "omen entreprene$r!hip re*$ire! a maor

chane in traditional attit$de! and mind!et! o people in !ociety rather than bein

limited to only creation o opport$nitie! or "omen. :ence) it i! imperative to

de!in proramme! that "ill addre!! to attit$dinal chane!) trainin) !$pportive



!ervice!. &he ba!ic re*$irement in development o "omen entreprene$r!hip i! to

mae a"are the "omen reardin her ei!tence) her $ni*$e identity and her

contrib$tion to"ard! the economic ro"th and development o co$ntry. &he ba!ic

in!tinct o entreprene$r!hip !ho$ld be tried to be reaped into the mind! o the

"omen rom their childhood. &hi! co$ld be achieved by care$lly de!inin the

c$rric$l$m that "ill impart the ba!ic no"lede alon "ith it! practical implication

reardin manaement inancial) leal etc. o an enterpri!e.

ome !$e!tion! to increa!e the role o "omen entreprene$r!'

• In&rastructure J /nra!tr$ct$re !et $p play! a vital role or any enterpri!e.

?overnment can !et !ome prioritie! or "omen entreprene$r! or allocation o

ind$!trial plot!) !hed! and other amenitie!.• 'ersona%ity De.e%opment'Attempt! !ho$ld be there to enhance the !tandard!

• o ed$cation o "omen in eneral a! "ell main eective provi!ion! or their

trainin) practical eperience and per!onality development proramme!) to

improvi!e their over'all per!onality !tandard!.• (e%& he%p groups o& women entrepreneurs' el help ro$p! o "omen

entreprene$r! can mobilie re!o$rce! and pool capital $nd! to help the "omen• in the ield o ind$!try) trade and commerce.

• /usiness De.e%opment Training 'rograms J /t incl$de! ba!ic day'to'day

manaement trainin lie ho" to eep trac o acco$nt!) handle tae! and

$nder!tand compliance r$le! and re$lation!. &hey can al!o oc$! on !trateyand the lon'rane !$cce!! o a b$!ine!! rom "ritin a b$!ine!! plan to

taretin !peciic maret!) alon "ith prod$ct innovation "ithin b$!ine!!

cl$!ter! and inc$bator!.• Access to +inance 'rograms0 -ort! to acilitate acce!! to inance or "omen

entreprene$r! typically encompa!! initiative! that reorm re!trictive ban and

re$latory policie!. $ch reorm! accept le!! traditional orm! o collateral) loo

at a lender,! "illinne!! to repay and !impliy b$!ine!! rei!try. &hey al!o help

inancial in!tit$tion! develop innovative loan and !avin! prod$ct! or emaleentreprene$r!.

• +orums &o e!tabli!h all /ndia or$m! to di!c$!! the problem!) rievance!)

i!!$e!) and ilin complaint! aain!t con!traint! or !hortcomin! to"ard! the

economic prore!! path o "omen entreprene$r! and ivin !$itable deci!ion! .

women empowerment through entrepreneurship and ict

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