WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

PRESENTED BY –

GOPAL.Y.M

Outlines

What is women empowerment?

Why it should be?

History

What are the main problems?

How to achieve it?

Efforts made to achieve it.

Achievements

What is women's empowerment?

To give certain rights or authority.

To invest with power, especially legal power or official authority.

To equip or supply with an ability to women .

Why it should be?

Reflecting into the “Vedas purana” of Indian culture, woman is being worshiped such as LAXMI MAA, goddess of wealth; SARASWATI MAA, for wisdom; DURGA MAA, for power.

The status of women in India, particularly in rural areas needs to address the issue of empowering women.

Leaving a meager number of urban and suburban women, the Indian women are still crying for simple justice. Which is not even allowed to have been accessed to them

Ironically, women have not actively participated in their own emancipation mainly due to low economic independence.

With their age, they have been raped, kicked, killed, subdued & humiliated almost daily.

Contd……

About 66% of the female population in rural area is unutilized. This is mainly due to existing social customs.In agriculture & animal care the women contribute 90% of the total work force.Women constitute almost half of the population, perform nearly 2/3rd of its work hours, receive 1/10th of the world’s income & own less than 1/100th of the world property.Among the world’s 900 million illiterate people, women out number men two to one.70% of people living in poverty are women.Lower sex ratio i.e. 933.

Contd….

The male child perceived as an asset for the landless rural labourer, a dowry earner for a greedy middle class family and a simple matter of pride for the mother.The existing studies show that the women are relatively less healthy than men even though, they belong to same class. They constitute less than 1/7th of the administrators & managers in developing countries.Only 10% seats in world’s parliament & 6% in national cabinets are held by them.

HISTORY

It dates back to the 1970s and the beginnings of the international women's movement.

Many women's organizations worldwide set up credit and savings components as a way of both enabling women to increase their incomes and come together to address wider gender issues.

Not only 'reaching women' but 'empowering' them is the second official goal of the Micro credit summit programme.

Contd…..

Women's empowerment is not a Northern concept. Women all over the world, including countries in the South, have been challenging and changing gender inequalities since the beginnings of history.

These struggles have also been supported by many men who have been outraged at injustices against women.

What are the main problems?

Lack of education,Financial constraint,Family responsibility,Low mobility,Low ability to bear risk,Low need for achievement,Absence of ambition for the achievement,Social status.

How to achieve it?

One of the strategies is “EDUCATION” that builds a positive self-image and boosts self-confidence among them & develops their ability to think critically. Promoting self-employment, through credit & training.Providing lean season wage employment.Addressing minimum needs such as nutrition, health, sanitation, housing & education.Direct involvement of women who are likely to be affected by development programme.Providing saving habit among them.

Efforts

Sarva shiksha abhiyan: the flagship programme of elementary education has special focus on girl child.

Jawahar Navodays Vidyalayas

Pratibha Vikas Vidyalayas In every district of the country with fair

representation for girl child would contribute enormously in national level development through women empowerment.

Contd…

Kasturba Gandhi Swatantrata Vidyalaya: residential school for girls.

National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP)

Development of women and child in rural areas (DWCRA): Implemented during 1982.

Support to training & employment for women (STEP): 1987

Contd….

Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK):1992-93

Mahila Samridhi Yojna (MSY): Oct. 1993

Indira mahila Yojana (IMY): 1995

Women Entrepreneur Development Programme: Given top priority in 1997-98.

Mahila samakhya: being implemented in about 9000 villages.

Achievement

. Women have more opportunities for education and stronger legal rights in many countries, they are taking leadership roles in local communities, and stand at the forefront of the peace movement

Perhaps the greatest change will come when women and men agree to work together for gender equality.

International Women's Rights Agreements --Women's rights are well-established by international agreements, notably the international Convention on Eradication of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which explicitly include women within the definition of 'human' and hence in all International Human Rights Conventions.

Contd…..

Trade Related Entrepreneurs Development for Women (TREAD): had revenue capital 0.11 crores in state budget 2006-07. Subsidy for units providing employment for women: 5% on total investment is available to the SSI units providing employment for women at least to the extent of 30% of the total strength. Formation of women self help group:

Total women SHG formed as on 31/07/2007 15847 Total SHG members 250319

Contd…

Since 1950-51 the total enrolment at the primary, upper primary, secondary and senior secondary stages increases by 6,14,and 20 times respectively, among them the girl’s enroll. increased by 9, 37 & 60 times resp. during the same period.

The scheme of granting capital subsidy for small scale industries has been revived and & Rs.20 crores have been provided for 2007-08 for providing capital subsidy to women entrepreneur.

The rate of literacy has gone up from 39.29% in 1991 to 54.16% in 2001.

Conclusion

“When women move forward the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves”.

It is essential as their thought & their value systems lead the development of a good family, good society & ultimately a good nation”.