HysteriaHysteria Definition - Exaggerated or uncontrollable emotion or excitement, esp. among a group of people.

Write down what you think can happen when hysteria gets out of control.

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HysteriaHistory is filled with forms of Hysteria. We have done a great job in demonizing groups, people, cultures, and ideas because we fear the unknown or we fear something that is truly different.

Reflect on Vancouver Riots after Vancouver Canucks lost Stanely Cup (2011)Opra Winfrey – beef hysteria The way blacks were treated in North America (from as far back as 1700s to the present)Jewish people in Germany from 1930s – 1945Canadian Aboriginal treatment from 1700s to present

Witches in 1600sWomen who were deemed to be witches were hunted down and prosecuted.

Most women prosecuted were innocent of any crime. They were social “misfits” who were not married or “wise women” who were knowledgeable about medicinal plants and treatments for illness.

These women were wise, smart and intelligent women. They were able to cure people who were sick, they were able to understand science on a level that most were incapable of. Because they could do what many others didn’t understand, they were stigmatized with being a witch.

Matthew HopkinsA bloodthirsty man was responsible for the deaths of more than 300 women - according to an old legend.

Nearly 350 years ago self-styled ‘Witchfinder General’ Matthew Hopkins roamed the counties of eastern England preying on women.

Matthew HopkinsHis reign of terror began in 1644 when he was employed by towns to seek out and destroy women believed to be witches.

Such has been the interest in Matthew Hopkins crimes that in 1968 Vincent Price starred in a horror film called The Witchfinder General.

Matthew HopkinsHopkins was commissioned by Parliament to seek out and sentence those he thought guilty of witchcraft and rewarded a handsome sum of 20 shillings per witch.

Hopkins elevated his killings to an art form by examining his victims to obtain ‘proof’ that someone was actually a ‘witch’.

Matthew HopkinsHis means of extracting a confession included torture which shed no blood. One of his methods was sleep deprivation.

Matthew Hopkins

He was convinced witches had what he termed ‘familiars’ who were sent to do hellish work. These ‘familiars’ often took the form of everyday creatures and were said to suckle on the blood of the witch by way of an extra nipple hidden on their body.

Matthew HopkinsHopkins and his assistants, John Stearne and Mary Philips, would strip a suspect and dress her in a loose shirt. She would be forced to sit on a stool in the middle of a room – sometimes for days and nights.

Matthew HopkinsAt all times the suspect was watched to see if the familiar crawled out to feed on the witch.

To make sure she did not fall asleep the witch was periodically walked in the outdoors without shoes.

Matthew HopkinsThis sleep deprivation and walking often lasted many days and nights until the suspect’s feet were bloody and sore and their mind was losing stability.

After a few days and night of sleep deprivation, torture and humiliation, a large number of women confessed that they were witches.

These confessions were not true at all.

At this point death was more desirable than what Hopkins was doing to them.

Matthew HopkinsIf Hopkins could not get a confessions he would then strip his suspects naked and tied them up – right thumb to left big toe and vice versa.

He then threw them into a stream. If they drowned they were declared innocent – if they stayed afloat they would be found guilty and sentenced to death.

Matthew HopkinsConfessing or being found guilty of witchcraft usually resulted in a death sentence.

Punishments were severe and horrific as the women were: dunked into water until they drowned, others were hung, some were burned at the stake while others were pressed to death (pressed between two doors loaded with weights).

Matthew Hopkins

In 1647 Hopkins was forced to take one of his own tests. He was bound and thrown into a river, floated and was sentenced to death.

Was Matthew Hopkins right for what he did?