wireless technologies
TRANSCRIPT
Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
IEEE 802.11 Technologies
Amer Hassan, [email protected]
2Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
3Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
The Vision – Dream Network“Pervasive Collaborative
Computing”
Faster andMore
Pervasive
MoreSecure
EaseAt Home
MoreDeployable
and Manageable
Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Video
5Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wireless Standards
IEEE 802.15.3 UWB, Bluetooth
Wi-Media, BTSIG, MBOA
WAN
MAN
LAN
PAN ETSI HiperPAN
IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Alliance
ETSI-BRAN HiperLAN2
IEEE 802.16d WiMAX
ETSI HiperMAN & HIPERACCESS
IEEE 802.20IEEE 802.16e
3GPP (GPRS/UMTS)3GPP2 (1X--/CDMA2000)
GSMA, OMA
SensorsIEEE 802.15.4(Zigbee Alliance)
RFID(AutoID Center)
IEE
E 8
02.2
1, IE
EE
802
.18
802.
19
RANIEEE 802.22
6Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003 2004
2005
2006
2007
Growing 802.11 Standards
802.11802.1111a11a
11b11b11c11c
11d11d11e11e
11g11g11h11h
11i11i11j11j
11k11k11n11n
11ma11ma
11f11f
11u11u.11s, .11v, .11T,.11 r, .11p.11s, .11v, .11T,.11 r, .11p
7Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wi-Fi Industry Status• Increased interest in cellular/Wi-Fi handsets.
Choice split between .11a or .11g• Price gap for .11g and .11a/g is decreasing
rapidly; .11b only devices on steep decline• Voice over Wi-Fi becoming reality with technical
enhancements - WMM, .11i, .11k, .11r• Security solutions acceptable (WPA2, PEAPv2);
security deployment issues being addressed• Hotspot roaming agreements identified as
critical to carriers & ISPs• Standardization started for 802.11n with 2
strong proposals
8Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
What is the situation?Have not Deployed Wi-Fi Have Deployed Wi-FiUnable to justify ROI of a new infrastructure
Justified ROI• Saves on infrastructure & real estate• Improves productivity in manufacture plants• Allows flexible employee work practices
Concerned 802.11 security is not adequate
Compensates for limits of current technology• Regulates access via VPN, looking for WPA2• Deployed secure technology EAP-TLS, .1X
Concerned 802.11 standards unstable (11a, 11b, 11g…)
Deployed what meets current needs• Planning to upgrade to .11a then .11 n
Concerned about managing another network & provisioning users
Agrees management & diagnostic tools lacking• Deployments are tightly controlled• Not a show stopper compared to ROI
Waiting for the benefits to outweigh the risks
Looking forward to making strategic investments• VoIP & video streaming• New customer services & products
9Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Technology
Wi-Fi WiMAX UWB Bluetooth
3GPP/2 RFID Zigbee
LAN for Enterprise
- - - - - -
LAN for Home
- - - - - -
Home multiple A/V distribution
- (audio streaming
)
- - -
Backhauling and last mile
Proprietary
sol’n
- - - - -
Wide Area Mobility
- - - - -
Cable/device Replacement
- - - -
Mesh Networking
Enterp/Home/N
Neighbor-hood Mesh
Home Mesh
- - - -
Sensor Networking
- - - - - -
Inventory Control
- - - -
Auto PC - -
Potential Wi-Fi Scenarios
Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
802.11 n and all that jazz…
11Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
What do Home users want?• Range: reliable wireless networking
throughout the home• High fidelity A/V: good Quality of Service for
high quality audio and video
• Throughput!• HDTV-720 in the US @ 16 Mbps (MPEG2)• HDTV-1080 in Japan @ 20 Mbps (MPEG2)• Next generation Media Center will support 2
concurrent video streaming, and by .11n ratification 4 concurrent streaming
• For 3 streams in the home, with picture-in-picture, and Internet access, 100Mbps UDP level throughput is easily consumed
12Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wireless outsold wired home networking gear for the first time in 2004
2.8 2.7 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.7
2.64.6
6.9 9 11.3 12.3 13.6
0.9
14.3
10.712.5
13.2
9.3
5.4
7.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Wired Only Wireless Total Purchase
US
Hom
e N
etw
orki
ng P
urch
ases
(in millions)
Source: JupiterResearch Home Networking Model, 8/04 (US Only)
13Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
What do service providers need?
• Highest possible consumer satisfaction… consumers will blame the Service Provider
• QoS is primary requirement – video and high throughput (mobile) data sessions
• Management capability to the devices
• Secure mobility support: Handoff & Mesh
• High rate for outdoor to indoor 150m operation
14Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
What would make IT Pro excited?• High return on investment• High level of security• Ease of deployment• Manageability of clients and APs• Diagnosis• Highly available networking
15Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Applications and target markets Transmission characteristics
Application Examples Type Rate Duration/volume
Audio/Video 1 HDTV and DV viewing for commercial & domestics use
Constant (low jitter)
27 Mbps Hours
Audio/Video 2 SDTV viewing for commercial and domestic use
Constant (low jitter)
6 Mbps Hours
Audio/Video 3 Video conferencing with VoIP Constant (low jitter)
2 Mbos < 1 hr
Interactive 1 Interactive gaming, Internet Browsing, Email
Variable 2 Mbps 1 hr
Interactive 2 VoIP, Internet gaming Constant with intervals
.2 MB/s 1 min – 1 hr
Bulk transfer Flash downloads file transfer, media transfer
Variable 30 Mbps 10 MB – 10 GB
General applications set forth by the Wi-Fi Alliance
16Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
IEEE 802.11 Initiative: start of .11n
• Develop next generation Wi-Fi capable of much higher throughputs, with a maximum throughput of at least 100Mbps, as measured at the MAC data service access point (SAP)
• Modifications to both the 802.11 physical layers (PHY) and the 802.11 Medium Access Control Layer (MAC) are allowed with baseline 802.11 & its amendments to support high throughput
• Evaluation metrics: throughput, range, network capacity, (peak and average power consumption), spectral flexibility, backward compatibility, and coexistence (3 channel models)
17Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Environment Setting
Residential Intra-room, Room to room, Indoor to outdoor, Large multi-family dwelling
Small/medium office Enclosed office, meeting room, classroom, bus, train
Large office Cubes, offices, multistory office space
Large space: indoor/outdoor Hotspots: airport, library, Convention Center, factory, hospital
Channel models
18Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Requirement DescriptionHT rate supported in 20MHz channel
at least one mode of operation supports 100Mbps throughput at the top of the MAC SAP in a 20 MHz channel
Works in the 5 GHz bands Protocol supports 5GHz bands (including those supported by .11a)
.11a backwards compatibility Some of the modes of operation defined in the proposal should be backwards compatible with .11a
.11g backwards compatibility in 2.4 GHz, some of the modes of operation defined in the proposal should be backwards compatible with .11g
Functional requirements of .11n
19Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Requirement Description.11e QoS support The proposal must permit
implementation of the 802.11e options within a .11n STA
Spectral Efficiency The highest throughput mode of the proposal should achieve a spectral efficiency of at least 3 bps/Hz for the PSDU
Control of support for legacy STA from .11n AP
A .11n AP can be configured to reject or accept associations from legacy STA because they are legacy STA
Functional requirements of .11n (cont)
20Windows Networking and Device Technologies – Microsoft Confidential AmerH January 20, 2005
Link Level Throughput & Range
Range
80
15020
25
Throughput
Business
Infotainment
Services
throughput required in typical hotspot settings
21Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
.11 n proposals• 32 proposals, 4 complete (Sept 04, Nov 04)
• TGn Sync• WWISE• Motorola/Mitsubishi• Qualcom
• Down select and merger (Jan 05)• TGn Sync• WWISE
• Further down select (March 05)
Qualcom and Mitsubishi merged with TGn Sync
22Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Roadmap• Activity started in Q4 ‘02• Par/5 Criteria: March ’03• Functional Requirements: Nov ‘03• Usage Models: May ’04• Comparison Criteria: May ‘04• Proposals: Sept ’04• … convergence, plug fests, beta, …• Ratification: Sept ’06• Wi-Fi Certification: Sept ‘06
23Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Key Points TGn SYNC WWISE
Members Agere, AtherosCisco, Intel, MitsubishiPhilips, SonyToshiba, Qualcom, Nortel, Samsung, Marvel, Panasonic, Tohoku Univ, Nokia, Infocom Research, Sanyo
Broadcom, TI,Airgo Networks,Conexant, Buffalo, Ralink, ETRI, HNS, Realtek, STM, TrellisWare, Winbond Electronics
UDP data rate 200+ Mbps/40 MHz 100+ Mbps/20 MHz
MAC basic technology accommodate both EDCA and HCCA
accommodate both EDCA and HCCA
Packet sizes 0 to 64KB PSDUs 0 to 64KB PSDUs
IEEE 802.11n basics: 2 main proposals (TGn SYNC & WWISE)
24Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Throughput enhancementFeatures TGn Sync WWISEBandwidth (M) 20MHz mode
(M) 40MHz, whenever regulatory domain permits this extension
(M) 20 MHz mode(O) 40 MHz mode
MIMO-OFDM-SDM (M) 2 spatial streams @ 20MHz mode
(M) 2 spatial streams
@ 20MHz mode
Higher code rate (R) (M) R= ½, 2/3, ¾, 7/8 (M) R= ½, 2/3, ¾, 5/6
Regular coding scheme
(M) Convolutional code (M) Convolutional code
Advanced Coding scheme
(O) LDPC (O) LDPC
Space Time Block Code
(N) (O)
(M) Mandatory (O) Optional (N) Not available
25Windows Networking and Device Technologies – Microsoft Confidential AmerH January 20, 2005
Pre
ambl
e+
PLC
P
Hea
der
A-PSDU
Perform aggregation
Legacy Burst
Pre
ambl
eP
LCP
he
ader
MP
DU
Hea
der
MP
DU
Pay
loa
d FC S
Pre
ambl
eP
LCP
he
ader
MP
DU
Hea
der
MP
DU
Pay
loa
d FC S
Pre
ambl
eP
LCP
he
ader
MP
DU
Hea
der
MP
DU
Pay
loa
d FC S
SIFS SIFS
PSDU1 PSDU2 PSDU3
Preamble + PLCP headers + SIFS will be saved
Both proposals do some form of aggregation
Some overhead will be induced to identify each MPDU
26Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
TGn Sync WWiSE
New control frames Y NNew data frame Y NNew mgt frame Y YM(P)SDU Aggregation
Y Y
A-MSDU aggregation N Y
Aggregation
27Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wish list!• Coexistence through Spectrum sharing
• Use of DFS, TPC, LBT, …• Turbo coding
• Low gate count (200K), but IPR• High gate count (800K), but no IPR
• Space-time block coding (Alamouti) • Provides great performance
• Flexible architecture for closed loop• Keep it simple!
28Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Windows Wireless Strategy: Summary
Technology CY04-CY06 Investments
Challenges
WPAN:802.15 (UWB), Bluetooth
•BT PAN module•UWB Strategic exploration
•Few BT PAN products •No IP over UWB spec•WW regulations for UWB
WLAN:802.11
• Security• WPS• Extensibility • Diagnostics• Group Policy
•Fragmented user experience
•Poor penetration in enterprise
•Multiple auth protocols
•Several .11n proposals
WiMAX:802.16
•Strategic exploration•Extensibility
•802.16e roadmap
29Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Call to action – drive best user experience!
• Usability: demand interoperability, and improved UIs for wireless technologies
• Security: demand Standards based security with 802.1X, PEAP & PEAP-SIM, and WPA1&2
• Availability & coexistence: share spectrum with minimum interference
Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Backup slides: Wi-Fi Alliance and Certification
31Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wi-Fi Alliance Mission Statement
• Certify the interoperability of products and servicesand services based on IEEE 802.11 technologytechnology
• Grow the global marketGrow the global market for Wi-Fi® CERTIFIED products and services across all market segments, platforms, and platforms, and applicationsapplications
32Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
New Certificate & Logo
Certificate inside packaging (optional)
• Logo on product packaging (mandatory)• Helps retailers and consumers
33Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Wi-Fi Alliance Roadmap
Baseline
Security
QoS
Applications
Certification Program Releases
IEEE Standard Releases
Q1 Q2 Q4Q32005
802.11e
WMMScheduled Access
Public Access CEPhase2
2004
Extended EAP
2006
802.11h+d
Simple Config
Voice/Wi-FiWCC
802.11j 802.11k
CEPhase1
WMM Power Save
34Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Worldwide Wi-Fi Semiconductor Revenues by Application, 2003 - 2008 ($M)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Chip Inventory
AccessPoints/Gateways/BridgesMobile PC
Desktop PC
Consumer Devices
Mobile Devices
Printers/MFPs
Aftermarket USB
Aftermarket PCI
Aftermarket NIC
Source: IDC brief: Worldwide WLAN Semiconductor Forecast and Analysis, 2004 – 2008.
35Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
Worldwide WLAN Semiconductor Revenues by Standard, 2003 - 2008 ($M)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Dual Band (802.11a+b+g)
802.11a
802.11g
802.11b
Source: IDC brief: Worldwide WLAN Semiconductor Forecast and Analysis, 2004 – 2008.
36Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
WLAN Chipset Pricing by Standard*
WLAN Chipset Pricing by Standard
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
802.11b
802.11g
802.11a
Dual Band(802.11a+b+g)
Source: IDC brief: Worldwide WLAN Semiconductor Forecast and Analysis, 2004 – 2008.
*Chart is estimate based on data in IDC Brief
37Windows Networking and Device Technologies January 27, 2005
2008 WLAN Semiconductor Revenues in Consumer Devices by Application (n = $611 M)
1.3%10.0%
11.5%
12.1%65.1%
GamingConsoles/Handhelds
Digital TV
DVD Players
DigitalCameras/Camcorders
Compressed Audio Players
Source: IDC brief: Worldwide WLAN Semiconductor Forecast and Analysis, 2004 – 2008.