wireless power transmission
DESCRIPTION
wirless power transmissionTRANSCRIPT
WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION BY
SOLAR POWER SATELLITE
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
BHASKAR PRAKASH
ABES ENGG. COLLEGE
GHAZIABAD
n
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Introduction. What & why WPT? History. How it works? What is SPS How it works? Applications & impacts. Current Technology. Future Aspects. Merits and demerits. Conclusion.
Slide Plan
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Wireless Power Transmission
INTRODUCTION
One of the major issues in power system is the losses occurring during the transmission and distribution of electrical power
The percentage of loss of power during transmission and distribution is approximated as 26%.
The main reason for power loss during transmission and distribution is the resistance of wires used in grid.
According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world – a whopping 27-40%.
Tesla has proposed methods of transmission of electricity using electromagnetic induction.
Wireless Power Transmission
4What is WPT?
As the word wireless means “without wire”.
Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electric load without interconnecting man made conductors.
Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous or impossible.
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Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by Nikola Tesla
Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his “experimental station” at Colorado
He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a resonant circuit grounded on one end.
William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power transmission technology
The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100 years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT
HISTORY
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Human beings or other objects placed between the transmitter and receiver do not hinder the transmission of power.
Magnetic field tend to interact very weakly with the biological tissues of the body, and so are not prone to cause any damage to any living being
How Safe Is WPT??
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-Solar Power Satellite-
Solar Power Satellites (SPS) have proposed to collect solar energy in space and beam it down to the Earth.
…SPS…
SPS
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Solar energy is captured using photocells
Each SPS may have 400 million photocells
Transmitted to earth in the form of microwaves/LASER
Using rectenna/photovoltaic cell, the energy is converted to electrical energy
Efficiency exceeds 95% if microwave is used. GPS
SPS (contd..)
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Wireless Power Transmission
9Why to use sps????
There is no air in space, so the satellites would receive somewhat more intense sunlight, 3 times stronger than on the surface.
unaffected by weather.
The SPS concept is simpler than most power systems here on earth. it can be collected 24 hours per day .
since there are no clouds or night in high Earth orbit). SPS does not use up valuable surface area on the Earth
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Wireless Power Transmission
10How SPS works?????
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12Four basic steps involved in the conversion of solar energy to electricity and delivery are:
Capture solar energy in space and convert it to electricity
Transform the electricity to radio frequency energy and transmit it
to Earth
Receive the radio frequency energy on Earth and convert it back to electricity
Provide the electricity to the utility grid
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Wireless Power Transmission
Rectenna Stands for rectifying antenna Consists of mesh of dipoles and diodes Converts microwave to its DC equivalent Usually multi-element phased array
Rectenna in US
power from SPSreceives 5000MW of Rectenna in US
Wireless Power Transmission
14 Merits Eliminates the transmission line cables
Cost of transmission and distribution become less
Power could be transmitted to the places where the wired transmission is not possible.
Loss of transmission is negligible level
Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard
Zero fuel cost
Zero co emission
Low maintenance cost
Wireless Power Transmission
15 Demerits
The Capital Cost for practical implementation of WPT seems to be very high.
Interference of microwave with present communication systems.
Common belief fears the effect of microwave radiation.
initial cost is high.
Geosynchronous satellites would take up large sections of space
Wireless Power Transmission
Applications
Moving targets such as fuel free airplanes, electric vehicles, moving robots.
High-altitude, long-endurance aircraft maintained at a desired location for weeks or months at 20 km for communications and surveillance instead of satellites, at greatly reduced costs
Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless Power Source, Wireless sensors .
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It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world to transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains, forest, and sea. Ex. Google balloon
A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has been considered for the efficiency calculation along with the mathematical approach.
Numerical calculation shows that 30-70% transmission efficiency can be achieved by using this model of transmission depending upon the transmission distance and diameter of the antenna.
FUTURE ASPECTS
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The power failure due to short circuit and electric faults would not be possible at all.
Wireless Power Transmission
Transmission without wires- a reality Efficient Low maintenance cost. But, high initial cost Better than conventional wired transfer Energy crisis can be decreased Low loss In near future, world will be completely wireless
Conclusion
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THANK YOU!