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8/12/2019 Wireless Ad

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WIRELESS ADHOC NETWORK:

A wireless ad hoc networkis a decentralized type ofwireless network.The network isad hocbecause it

does not rely on a pre existing infrastructure, such as routersin wired networks oraccess pointsin

managed (infrastructure) wireless networks. Instead, eachnodeparticipates in routing by forwarding data

for other nodes, so the determination of which nodes forward data is made dynamically on the basis ofnetwork connectivity. In addition to the classicrouting,ad hoc networks can usefloodingfor forwarding

the data.

An ad hoc network typically refers to any set of networks where all devices have equal status on a

network and are free to associate with any other ad hoc network device in link range. Ad hoc network

often refers to a mode of operation ofIEEE 802.11wireless networks.

AD HOC MODE IN WIRELESS N/W:

On wireless computer networks, ad-hocmode is a method for wireless devices to directly

communicate with each other. Operating in ad-hoc mode allows all wireless devices within range of

each other to discover and communicate in peer-to-peer fashion without involving central access

points (including those built in to broadband wirelessrouters). An ad-hoc network tends to feature a

small group of devices all in very close proximity to each other. Performance suffers as the number of

devices grows, and a large ad-hoc network quickly becomes difficult to manage. Ad-hoc networks

cannot bridge to wiredLANsor to the Internet without installing a special-purposegateway.

Ad hoc networks make sense when needing to build a small, all-wireless LAN quickly and spend the

minimum amount of money on equipment

MANET:

A mobile ad hoc network(MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructurelessnetworkof mobile devices

connected bywireless.Ad hocis Latin and means "for this purpose".

Ad hoc means temporary.Each device in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction, and

will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic unrelated to its own

use, and therefore be arouter.The primary challenge in building a MANET is equipping each device to

continuously maintain the information required to properly route traffic. Such networks may operate by

themselves or may be connected to the largerInternet.

MANETs are a kind ofWireless ad hoc networkthat usually has a routable networking

environment on top of aLink Layerad hoc network.

TYPES OF MANETs

Internet based mobile ad hoc networks (iMANET) are ad hoc networks that link mobile nodes and

fixed Internet-gateway nodes. In such type of networks normal adhoc routing algorithms don't apply

directly
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Intelligent vehicular ad hoc networks (InVANETs) are a kind of artificial intelligence that helps

vehicles to behave in intelligent manners during vehicle-to-vehicle collisions, accidents, drunken

driving etc.

:Vehicular Ad hoc Networks(VANETs) are used for communication among vehicles and between

vehicles and roadside equipment

WSN:

A wireless sensor network (WSN)consists of spatially

distributed autonomous sensors to monitorphysical or environmental conditions, such

as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a mainlocation. The more modern networks are bi-directional, also enabling controlof sensor activity. The

development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield

surveillance; today such networks are used in many industrial and consumer applications, such as

industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, and so on.

APPLICATIONS:

Environmental/Earth monitoring

o Air quality monitoring

o Air pollution monitoring

o Forest fire detection

o Landslide detection

o Water quality monitoring

o Natural disaster prevention

Industrial monitoring

o Machine health monitoring

o Data logging

o Industrial sense and control applications

o Water/Waste water monitoring

Agriculture
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WSN AND WIRELESS AD HOC N/W:

Wireless Network

Limitation on number of nodes

Comparatively more resources

Nodes can be mobile

May be battery operated. Butrecharging is possible.

Main goal is to provide the service

Wireless sensor networks

Hundreds of thousands of nodes

Nodes integrate sensors, processors,transceivers with limited resources .

Nodes are generally stationary afterdeployment .

Each node depends on small lowcapacity battery as energy source,

and cannot expect replacement

The main goal is to prolong thelifetime of the network

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