wipo gi-symposium, beijing, june 2007 - mathias schaeli1 gi-extension: the solution for developing...
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WIPO GI-Symposium, Beijing, June 2007 - Mathias Schaeli 1
GI-Extension: The Solution for Developing an Appropriate
International Legal Framework for the Protection of Geographical Indications
Mathias Schaeli
Head Legal Services International Trade Relations
Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property
www.ipi.ch / [email protected]
International Symposium on Geographical IndicationsJointly organized by WIPO and SAIC
(Beijing, 26-28 June 2007)
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Contents
1. Key issue under international negotiation: “GI-extension”
2. Additional action at the national level Adequate protection and inventories Relationship between GIs and trademarks
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Swiss watches
made in Russia
L’Etivaz style cheese
Made in USA
Australian
Chianti
Jamaican Jerk
from Trinidad Long Jin tea,
From Malaysia
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GI-ExtensionMultilatéral
RegisterRoll-backList (Agri)
Better protection for GIs
WTO / Negotiations on GIs
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The two levels of protection for GIs in the TRIPS Agreement Standard protection of Article 22 for all products,
protection only if: Public is misled by the incorrect use of the GI Incorrect use of the GI constitutes an act of unfair
competition
Additional protection of Art. 23 for wines and spirits: Protection against a simple usurpation of the GI Protection of the GI even if translated Use of delocalizing expressions such as ‘kind’, ‘type’,
‘style’, ‘imitation’ or the like are prohibited
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The proposal for extension (IP/C/W/353) The protection of Article 23 of the TRIPS
Agreement should apply to geographical indications for all products
The multilateral register to be established should be open for geographical indications for all products
The exceptions contained in Article 24 of the TRIPS Agreement should apply mutatis mutandis
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Communications WTO/TRIPS on extension
In favor of extension:IP/C/W/204/Rev.1; IP/C/W/247/Rev.1;IP/C/W/308/Rev.1; IP/C/W/353; TN/C/W/7;TN/C/W/14 ; TN/C/4 ; TN/C/W/21 – GC/W/540;JOB(05)/61; TN/C/W/26 - WT/GC/547 (UE)
Opposed to extension:IP/C/W/289; IP/C/W/360 and 386;IP/C/W/395; JOB(05)/8 (Australia)
.... available under: www.ipi.ch and www.wto.org
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Timeframe of the negotiationsBefore Nov. 2001 TRIPS Council - Article 24.1
November 2001 Doha Declaration – Para.18
Feb. – Nov. 2002 TRIPS Council – TNC Decision
Jan. – Aug. 03 TNC – Consultations on implementation issues
September 2003 Cancun Ministerial Conference
July 2004 Decision of the General CouncilMandate for further consultations till May ’05; GC to take appropriate action till July ‘05
December 2005 Hong Kong Ministerial Conference
June/July 2007 Text on modalities ?
? End of the Doha Round
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Main Swiss Laws and Regulations
Federal Law on the Protection of Trademarks and Indication of Source of 28 August 1992 (RS 232.11) => PROTECTION FOR ALL PRODUCTS WITHOUT REGISTRATION
Federal Law on Agriculture of 29 April 1998 (RS 910.1)
Ordinance on the Protection of PAOs and PGIs in respect of Agricultural Products and Processed Agricultural Products of 28 May 1997 (RS 910.12) => REGISTRATION SYSTEM
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Definition
Protection against: the use of incorrect indications of source; the use of designation that may be confused with
incorrect indications of source; the use of a name, address or trademark on goods
or services of different origin where this could be deceptive.
Judicial measures, such as: imprisonment up to one year; fine of up to CHF 100’000.--, or nullity of the trademark registration.
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Ordinance on PAOs and PGIs for Agricultural Products and Processed Agricultural Products PAOs/PGIs - similarities
origin in a defined region or place specific qualities delimited area of production
PAOs/PGIs - differences PAO: all fabrication steps within the defined area
PGI: at least one fabrication steps within the defined area
etc.
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Function of TMs and GIs
Trademarks distinguish the goods of one undertaking from goods of other undertakings. - It shall be distinctive and not descriptive.- It is the exclusive right of the producer.
Geographical indications (GIs) refer to a geographical region and identify products with quality/reputation given by their geographical origin. - Collective right of all the producers of a given good that are located in the geographical area.
L’ETIVAZ
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Function of Trademarks
The TM shall distinguish the goods of one producer from goods of other producers
The TM shall not be descriptive
Difficulty to protect geographical names as trademarks
Geographical names often registered in combination with a distinctive sign (logo)
Problem with the exclusivity right to use the name
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Trademarks and GIs: two complementary rights with specific characteristics…
GIs Indicate the geographical
origin of the goods Guaranty the
geographical origin Collective approach Producers ownership Production necessary
linked to a territory Often procedure of
examination with «public» consultations
Trademarks Distinctive signs (non
descriptive)May guaranty the geographical origin (no obligation)
Individual approach (principle) CTM cannot be used by right
holder May be produced everywhere Examination based on absolute
or relative grounds
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Trademarks and GIs – time solutions: example of L’Etivaz (AOC)
a SwissGuarantyTrademark
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Trademarks and GIs – Complementary: Example of Tête de moine (AOC)
Swiss Trademarks
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Trademarks and GIs – Complementary: Champagne (AOC)
French GI Several Trademarks used by the different producers
CHAMPAGNE
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TM-Offices can play useful role for good relationship between TM and GIs
CH 501 173 cl. 29 :produits laitiers, à savoir fromage bénéficiant de l’AOC «Sbrinz».
IR 714593, cl. 32 : boissons à base d’eau gazeuse et de jus depommes; tous les produits précités provenant de la région duBodensee.
ALASKAEaux minérales
CUSCOCacao
Cl. 18 et 25, produits de provenance des USA
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An adequate protection of geographical indications at the international level:
An issue that is in the interest of ALL OF US!
For more information or questions: [email protected] and www.ige.ch