WINTER DRIVINGWINTER DRIVING“PREPARE FOR SEVERE “PREPARE FOR SEVERE

WEATHER!”WEATHER!”

PREPARE FOR WINTER WEATHERPREPARE FOR WINTER WEATHER

Wipers Wipers - Good working order- Good working order Windshield Washer FluidWindshield Washer Fluid - Fill Up - Fill Up

Anti-freeze - Anti-freeze - 50% water 50% Coolant50% water 50% Coolant Battery & Belts - Battery & Belts - Check conditionCheck condition

Oil - Oil - Replace your oil with Winter grade oilReplace your oil with Winter grade oil Tires - Tires - Check treads, pressure and owners Check treads, pressure and owners

manual recommendationsmanual recommendations Ice Scraper - Ice Scraper - A necessityA necessity

BEFORE TRIPS: PACK WINTER BEFORE TRIPS: PACK WINTER CAR KITCAR KIT

SNOW BRUSH W/ SCRAPERSNOW BRUSH W/ SCRAPER FLASHLIGHT W/ BATTERIESFLASHLIGHT W/ BATTERIES

BLANKETBLANKET MITTENS, SOCKS & HATMITTENS, SOCKS & HAT

SMALL SHOVELSMALL SHOVEL SACK OF SAND OR KITTY LITTERSACK OF SAND OR KITTY LITTER

JUMPER CABLESJUMPER CABLES HAZARD SIGN, FLARES OR FLAGHAZARD SIGN, FLARES OR FLAG

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUIDWINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

WARM-UP AND CLEAN-OFFWARM-UP AND CLEAN-OFF

1. IDLE ENGINE - DO NOT RACE ENGINE!1. IDLE ENGINE - DO NOT RACE ENGINE!

2. CLEAN OFF VEHICLE COMPLETELY!2. CLEAN OFF VEHICLE COMPLETELY!- CLEAN ALL LIGHTS- CLEAN ALL LIGHTS

- SCRAPE ALL WINDOWS AND MIRRORS - SCRAPE ALL WINDOWS AND MIRRORS

- SWEEP ALL THE SNOW OFF THE VEHICLE- SWEEP ALL THE SNOW OFF THE VEHICLE

Good all around visibility is important!!!!! Good all around visibility is important!!!!!

remember, remember, BEING IN A HURRY WILL RESULT BEING IN A HURRY WILL RESULT IN ACCIDENTS DOWN THE ROAD!IN ACCIDENTS DOWN THE ROAD!

RISK MANAGEMENT DRIVING RISK MANAGEMENT DRIVING DECISIONSDECISIONS

Is my car Is my car equipped for the equipped for the

weather?weather? Can I make this Can I make this

trip later?trip later? What would be What would be the safest route?the safest route? Am I prepared Am I prepared for emergencies?for emergencies?

POOR RISK POOR RISK MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

OR OR

BAD JUDGEMENT?BAD JUDGEMENT?

DECEMBER 23, 1998: SERVICE MEMBER DEPARTED FORT HOOD DURING A WINTER WEATHER WARNING. FALLING SNOW MIXED WITH SLEET. ROADS PREDICTED TO HAVE SEVERE ICING. WHILE PASSING AN EIGHTEEN WHEELER ON I-35, SERVICE MEMBER LOST CONTROL OF HIS VEHICLE AND STRUCK A BRIDGE GUARDRAIL, THEN VEERED INTO THE PATH OF THE EIGHTEEN WHEELER. THE SOLDIER WAS KILLED.

DRIVING TECHNIQUESDRIVING TECHNIQUES

Drive at reduced speeds so you can stop Drive at reduced speeds so you can stop quicker. quicker.

Give turn signals sooner than usual. This Give turn signals sooner than usual. This gives other drivers more time to react. gives other drivers more time to react.

Pump your brakes to warn of your Pump your brakes to warn of your intention to stop.intention to stop.

Maintain at least triple the normal Maintain at least triple the normal distance from the vehicle ahead. (6distance from the vehicle ahead. (6

seconds)seconds)

BLACK ICE

DANGEROUS BECAUSE YOU DANGEROUS BECAUSE YOU CAN’T SEE IT!CAN’T SEE IT!

COMMON AREAS YOU FIND IT:

1. Bridges/Overpasses/Underpasses

2. Shaded areas.

BLACK ICEBLACK ICEREACTIONREACTION

DO NOT PANIC!DO NOT PANIC!

MAKE NO SUDDEN CHANGES IN SPEED MAKE NO SUDDEN CHANGES IN SPEED OR DIRECTIONOR DIRECTION

EASE OFF ACCELERATOREASE OFF ACCELERATOR

STEER IN DIRECTION THAT THE REAR OF STEER IN DIRECTION THAT THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE IS SKIDDINGTHE VEHICLE IS SKIDDING

FRESH SNOW CAN FRESH SNOW CAN CONCEAL ICY ROADSCONCEAL ICY ROADS

Result from unexpected Result from unexpected forces:forces:

1. Black Ice1. Black Ice2. Driving to fast for 2. Driving to fast for conditionsconditions3. Sudden steering 3. Sudden steering corrections or corrections or

brakingbraking4. Sudden 4. Sudden

accelerationsaccelerations

_ _ _ __ _ _ _ SKIDSSKIDS

If your vehicle begins to skid, take the following actions:

1. 1. Front end skidsFront end skids - Release the brake and let the front wheels roll freely to regain traction and steering control.

2. 2. Rear end skidsRear end skids - Take foot off of accelerator and turn wheels in the direction that the rear of the vehicle is skidding, and pump brakes lightly.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SKIDSSKIDS ((CONTINUED)CONTINUED)

FOGFOGFOGFOG

WHEN DRIVING IN FOG, WHEN DRIVING IN FOG, USE LOW-BEAM HEADLIGHTS,USE LOW-BEAM HEADLIGHTS,

oror

STOP, GET OFF THE ROADWAY, AND WAIT!!STOP, GET OFF THE ROADWAY, AND WAIT!!

!!! DANGER !!!!!! DANGER !!!

CARBON MONOXIDE POISONINGCARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

Each year 1,500 people are killed in the U.S. by carbonEach year 1,500 people are killed in the U.S. by carbonmonoxide, approximately 900 of whom die in their monoxide, approximately 900 of whom die in their homes. More than 10,000 are exposed to levels so homes. More than 10,000 are exposed to levels so

dangerous that medical attention is required.dangerous that medical attention is required.

CARBON MONOXIDECARBON MONOXIDE

Attributes/EffectsAttributes/Effects

1.1. Odorless & ColorlessOdorless & Colorless

2.2. Nausea, Headache, DizzinessNausea, Headache, Dizziness

3.3. Causes DrowsinessCauses Drowsiness

4.4. CAN BE FATALCAN BE FATAL

CARBON MONOXIDECARBON MONOXIDE

PreventionPrevention1. Never run engine in an enclosed area1. Never run engine in an enclosed area

2. Check exhaust (muffler) for leaks2. Check exhaust (muffler) for leaks

BEFORE TRIPS: CHECKBEFORE TRIPS: CHECK

BATTERYBATTERYANTIFREEZEANTIFREEZEWIPERS & FLUIDWIPERS & FLUID IGNITION SYSTEMIGNITION SYSTEMTHERMOSTATTHERMOSTATLIGHTSLIGHTS

HAZARD LIGHTSHAZARD LIGHTSEXHAUST SYSTEMEXHAUST SYSTEMHEATERHEATERBRAKESBRAKESDEFROSTERDEFROSTEROIL LEVELOIL LEVEL

To make an emergency stop on a slippery road…

Regular Brakes Regular Brakes Pump the Brake Pedal.

Anti-lock Brakes (ABS)Anti-lock Brakes (ABS)Press down and hold.The ABS will pump for you.

Rear Wheel Drive PushesRear Wheel Drive Pushesandand

Front Wheel Drive PullsFront Wheel Drive PullsThe systems may feel a little different, but always steer in the direction of the skid, and make gentle corrections to regain control.

KEY DRIVING TIPSKEY DRIVING TIPS

ALLOW MORE TIME TO TRAVELALLOW MORE TIME TO TRAVEL

MAINTAIN MORE SPACEMAINTAIN MORE SPACE

DRIVE WITH YOUR LIGHTS ONDRIVE WITH YOUR LIGHTS ON

WEAR SAFETY BELTSWEAR SAFETY BELTS

LOOK WELL AHEADLOOK WELL AHEAD

ANTICIPATE PROBLEMSANTICIPATE PROBLEMS

CLEAR A PATHCLEAR A PATH STRAIGHTEN FRONT STRAIGHTEN FRONT

WHEELSWHEELS USE ABRASIVE MATERIALS USE ABRASIVE MATERIALS

UNDER WHEELSUNDER WHEELS GENTLE PRESSURE ON GENTLE PRESSURE ON

ACCELERATORACCELERATOR DON’T SPIN WHEELSDON’T SPIN WHEELS

“ “ROCKING THE VEHICLE” – ROCKING THE VEHICLE” – CHECK OWNER’S MANUALCHECK OWNER’S MANUAL

LAST RESORT …LAST RESORT …

STUCK IN SNOWSTUCK IN SNOW

REMEMBER THE THREE REMEMBER THE THREE P’sP’s

- PREPARE FOR THE - PREPARE FOR THE TRIPTRIP

- PROTECT YOURSELF- PROTECT YOURSELF - PREVENT CRASHES - PREVENT CRASHES

ON THE ROADON THE ROAD SLOW DOWN!SLOW DOWN!

GIVE DISTANCEGIVE DISTANCE CLEAN OFF WINDOWS -CLEAN OFF WINDOWS -

SEESEE CLEAN OFF CLEAN OFF ALLALL LIGHTS LIGHTS

AND TURNAND TURN LIGHTS ON -LIGHTS ON - BE SEENBE SEEN

SUMMARYSUMMARY