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Wine, Cheese and Scholarship A Celebration of Faculty Research & Creativity
Thursday, February 25, 2016
Wine, Cheese and Scholarship is an exhibit of research proposals,
research projects in process, findings, creative works, interdisciplinary projects, scholarship of teaching and learning
(SOTL), and other scholarly endeavor of Shenandoah faculty and their graduate students.
The Faculty Research and Publications Committee
Center for Teaching, Learning & Technology
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Table of Contents A Physiological Role for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Human Cutaneous Circulation ........................................ 1 Jessica Kutz, PhD, Assistant Professor, Exercise Science Acting in Recital: Can Michael Chekhov's Method Be Beneficial to Singers? ............................................... 1 Katherine DeFiglio, Conservatory Graduate Student Mentor: Rosemary Green, PhD, Graduate Programs Librarian An Evaluation of Rural Teens Perceived Barriers, Benefits and Beliefs About Health Care Access ........... 1 Jessica Webb, Assistant Professor, Nursing An investigation of the long-term impacts of a short-term education abroad program on global citizenship outcomes ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Bethany Galipeau-Konate, PhD, Director of International Programs Antibiotic resistance: A growing concern ........................................................................................................... 2 Asim Priyendu, BPharm., Department of Pharmacy Management, Manipal University, Manipal-576104, India. ThuyTien Tran*, BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Shaminder Kalkat*, BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Isha Patel, PhD, Assistant Professor, Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Anantha Naik Nagappa, PhD, Pharmacy Management, Manipal University, Manipal-576104, India. *Both the authors have contributed equally. Artificial neural networks for noninvasive diagnosis of renal interstitial inflammation ............................... 3 Paula Grajdeanu, PhD, Associate Professor, Mathematics Behavioral And Disruptive Behavior in Fourth Grade: Assessment and Intervention ................................. 3 Kelly A. Litzenberg, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology Behavioral Assessment and Interventions to Improve the Independent Living Skills of Women with Mental Health Challenges .................................................................................................................................... 3 Brandy Bennett, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology Black currant anthocyanins' inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by epigenetic modification of histone proteins and downregulation of EZH2 possibly through JNK-EGR-1 pathway .... 4 Tsz "Tiffany" Chan and Omid Mir, Pharmacy Graduate Students; Mentor: Deepak Bhatia, PhD, Assistant Professor Pharmacogenomics Buying into the Payout: 215 Reasons Why Education Doesn't Matter ........................................................... 4 Thomas S. Caracciolo, Sports Management Graduate Student Fritz Polite, PhD, Assistant Professor Sports Management CD Recording: Popular Delusions ...................................................................................................................... 4 Robert Larson, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair Instrumental Division, Harrison Piano Chair Golder O'Neill, PhD, Associate Professor Instrumental Division Do whisper videos on YouTube have therapeutic potential? A Global Survey of Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) ................................................................................................................................ 4 Craig A. H. Richard, PhD Professor, School of Pharmacy Karissa A. Burnett, B.A. Graduate Student, Fuller School of Psychology, Pasadena, CA Jennifer L. Allen, Manager, Twinstate Technologies, Morrisonville, NY Does Pre-Operative Education Have an Effect on Post-Operative Outcomes? .............................................. 5 Thérèse M. Collins, MS, RN, Assistant Professor, Nursing
Abstracts are presented alphabetically Authors are associated with SU unless noted otherwise
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E-sports: A Rise to Prominence and Impact on the Future .............................................................................. 5 Dr. Joey Gawrysiak Mr. Cameron Wiseman, Graduate student Effects Of Localized Cold Air Versus Traditional Ice Bag On Treatment Of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness .................................................................................................................................................................. 6 Kimberly Pritchard, PhD, VATL, ATC, Assistant Professor, Athletic Training Entrepreneurship in Public Health Behavior: Forging an Interdisciplinary Doctorate at Shenandoah ..... 6 Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor Psychology Tim Ford, PhD, Dean, Health Professions Seth Chatfield, PhD, Assistant Professor, Management Meeting the Challenge: Men United for Excellence and the Journey to Success ........................................... 6 Jerimiai Santiago Assistant Director of Learning Resources, VP Enrollment Management Fritz Polite, PhD, Assistant Professor, Sports Management Meeting the Needs of New SU Full Time Faculty .............................................................................................. 7 Stephanie U. Cross, Program Director and Assistant Professor, Division of Respiratory Care Pedagogical Perspectives on the Etymology of “Belting” ................................................................................. 7 Piero Bonamico, Conservatory Graduate Student Mentor: David Meyer, DM, Associate Professor, Vocal/Choral Division Prescription Cascading - A growing concern ..................................................................................................... 7 Isha Patel PhD, PhD., Associate Professor, Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Sarah Trinh BS*, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Thu Phan BS*, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Mark Johnson PharmD, Professor, Pharmacy Practice, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Student Pharmacists in the Medication Reconciliation Process: A Literature Review ................................. 8 Sereen Sultana, PharmD Graduate Student Ranjani Varadarajan, PhD, Assistant Professor, Clinical Sciences ¡Tengo Leche! Building Upon a Successful Initiative to Increase Breastfeeding Rates Among Rural Hispanic Immigrant Mothers .............................................................................................................................. 8 Naomi Pitcock, DNP, RN, APHN, Assistant Professor, Nursing Kimberly Pineda, MA, Natasha Ossinova, RN, IBCLC, MPH Dr. Laura Yoder PhD, RN, The Future of Tobacco Cessation Counseling .................................................................................................... 8 Ashley Petrolino, MPH, RRT, Assistant Professor, Respiratory Care The Good Behavior Game in Elementary School: Analysis of Effects on Target and NonTarget Teachers and Students .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Megan Kunsman, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology The Validation of an Instrument to Measure Helplessness in Learning Statistics ......................................... 9 Sarah R. Daniel, PhD, Assistant Professor Quantitative Methods Co-Authors: Brandon K. Vaughn, Breana J. Sylvester-Dacy, Dandan Wang, Frank W. Roberts, Robert W. Ellis, Audrey J. Leroux, Diane L. Schallert, Marilla D. Svinicki. Using Pop Culture in the Classroom ................................................................................................................. 10 Jessica Peacock, PhD, Assistant Professor, Exercise Science Was my "Purpose Pitch" Justified? .................................................................................................................. 10 Barry Penn Hollar, PhD, Professor, Philosophy and Religion
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A Physiological Role for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Human Cutaneous Circulation Jessica Kutz, PhD, Assistant Professor, Exercise Science
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), once considered a malodorous and toxic gas, is now recognized as a third endogenous gaso-‐transmitter, in addition to nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide. H2S has significant vasoactive properties and plays a role in the modulation of vascular function. The purpose of this series of studies was to examine the vasodilatory role of H2S in the cutaneous circulation of healthy young adults and subsequently determine alterations in H2S-‐dependent vasodilation that occur with hypertension. The novel findings from the first series of studies were the presence of H2S-‐generating enzymes in the cutaneous circulation as well as the vasodilator responsiveness to a H2S donor. Additionally, H2S-‐mediated vasodilation occurred through downstream potassium channels and via interaction with the NO and COX vasodilatory pathways. H2S production and function are altered in the presence of hypertension in animal models. In the second series of studies, we hypothesized that endothelium-‐dependent vasodilation would be blunted in pre/stage 1 hypertensive adults compared to normotensive controls. Additionally, we hypothesized that the end-‐organ responsiveness to exogenous H2S would be preserved in pre/stage 1 hypertensive adults but that the vasodilatory interaction with NO and COX signaling pathways would be diminished compared to normotensive age matched controls. The data demonstrated blunted vasodilation to a cholinergic stimulus in pre/stage 1 hypertensives, in part, due to a diminished H2S-‐dependent vasodilation. Additionally, our data demonstrated preserved end-‐organ responsiveness to exogenous H2S in pre/stage 1 hypertensive adults, despite a loss of vasodilatory interaction with NO and COX vasodilatory pathways.
Acting in Recital: Can Michael Chekhov's Method Be Beneficial to Singers? Katherine DeFiglio, Conservatory Graduate Student Mentor: Rosemary Green, PhD, Graduate Programs Librarian
In recital, singers face the challenge of playing multiple characters throughout the course of performance, with each song having a unique personality, situation, and mood. Whereas the theatrical performer has the aid of costumes, scenery, and other actors to create an atmosphere for the audience, recital singers must rely on their own imagination, voice, and creativity. Theatrical actors have benefited from a technique developed by Michael Chekhov (1891-‐1955), an accomplished actor nominated for an Academy Award for his performance in the film Spellbound. The purpose of this study is to explore whether singers can benefit from using Chekhov’s acting techniques when preparing for a recital. Singers depend on on vocal technique in order to perform the musical demands of their songs, and they must also draw upon an acting technique when considering the demands of expression and communication in recital. The texts of Erich Korngold’s (1943) songs, “Desdemona’s Song” and “Under the Greenwood Tree,” from his set of Four Shakespeare Songs are sung by two very different characters, a challenge for the performer who must rapidly transform in the span of a few moments. One of Chekhov’s most influential techniques is the Psychological Gesture, the strategy of using a physical movement or gesture that creates the inner emotion of the character the actor is portraying. This study will explore how Chekhov’s technique of the Psychological Gesture can be used by singers to prepare songs for performance in a recital, using Korngold’s two songs as examples.
An Evaluation of Rural Teens Perceived Barriers, Benefits and Beliefs About Health Care Access Jessica Webb, Assistant Professor, Nursing
Problem. Healthcare for the teen population in the United States is not consistent and this population provides unique challenges. Factors to overcome barriers need identification. Many decisions they make during this life stage will affect their future health. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate teen’s perceived barriers and benefits to their healthcare access in a rural northwestern VA county. EBP Questions. RQ#1 What are the most highly ranked barriers and benefits as perceived by adolescents of teen health care access? RQ#2 Is there a relationship between perceived health care needs and demographic characteristics in teen’s in rural northwestern VA? RQ#3 How would adolescents prefer to receive health information from health care providers?
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Methods. The study used a descriptive correlational research design. Participants completed a questionnaire to discover their perceived barriers and benefits to health care access in the county. They identified preferred methods of receiving information about health care and accessing their health care options. The sample size was 3500 registered high school students in Fauquier County. Outcomes. Students identified some of the reasons they do or do not address health care needs, and provided information that can be used by healthcare providers to overcome barriers. Significance. This study provides information for healthcare providers in Fauquier County to better address the needs of this underserved population, in the format teens prefer.
An investigation of the long-‐term impacts of a short-‐term education abroad program on global citizenship outcomes Bethany Galipeau-‐Konate, PhD, Director of International Programs
The increasingly interconnected nature of the world makes global citizenship an important learning outcome of higher education. Education abroad is considered an effective way to stimulate development of global citizenship, yet participation is still limited to a small fraction of students. Seeking to broaden access to international experiences and to accommodate the needs of students, American universities have responded by diversifying programs. Short-‐term programs have come to dominate the education abroad landscape, which includes both curricular and co-‐curricular opportunities. Given the investment of scarce resources in maintaining education abroad programs, empirical research documenting the value of short-‐term programs for facilitating lasting outcomes above and beyond what could be achieved on campus is a worthwhile line of investigation. Using experiential learning theory as a theoretical framework, this non-‐experimental, cross-‐sectional explanatory study employed a concurrent mixed methods strategy to examine whether past participants in a short-‐term co-‐curricular education abroad program exhibited different global citizenship outcomes than non-‐participants. The non-‐participant group was divided into applicant and non-‐applicant subgroups, to account for possible effects of a pre-‐disposition towards education abroad on learning outcomes. Global citizenship outcomes were measured using the Global Citizenship Scale (GCS). The study results indicated that the outcomes most clearly linked to participation are increased travel and global civic engagement and that the passage of time was not predictive of global citizenship. This study supports the proposition that short-‐term education abroad may have a durable impact on global citizenship. The findings provide evidence for the value of investment in such programs.
Antibiotic resistance: A growing concern Asim Priyendu, BPharm., Department of Pharmacy Management, Manipal University, Manipal-‐576104, India. ThuyTien Tran*, BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Shaminder Kalkat*, BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Isha Patel, PhD, Assistant Professor, Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Anantha Naik Nagappa, PhD, Pharmacy Management, Manipal University, Manipal-‐576104, India. *Both the authors have contributed equally.
Antibiotic resistance has been a major contributing factor in the mortality of many patients worldwide, especially in a developing country such as India. Antibiotic resistance arises largely due to excessive/inappropriate treatment of antibiotics, leading to mutations in bacteria. These organisms are well known as “superbugs”, because they portray extended resistance to conventional antibiotics. These bacteria undergo mutations, which allow them to develop resistance via different mechanisms. In India, the issue of antibiotic resistance remains one of the main national concerns for all ages, in terms of escalating health care costs, hospital stay, and mortality. The Government of India has initiated regulatory measures such as schedule H1 to prevent the selling of antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription, thereby reducing easy public access to antibiotics. Interventions to control antibiotic resistance include infection control, reducing usage, and stricter surveillance. There is need for more awareness about the regulations and interventions pertaining to rational antibiotic usage to improve their effectiveness. Additional laws must be enacted in India to enforce rational use of antibiotics to prevent antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this review is to summarize the prevalence and mechanism of antibiotic resistance in India. It also discusses government regulations to control antibiotic resistance in India.
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Artificial neural networks for noninvasive diagnosis of renal interstitial inflammation Paula Grajdeanu, PhD, Associate Professor, Mathematics
While renal biopsy it is still the gold standard for the diagnostic of renal interstitial inflammation, some noninvasive diagnostic studies have been proposed to help categorize interstitial inflammation, and guide treatment accordingly. Urine samples collected at the time of biopsy are frequently tested to provide confirmatory evidence of interstitial inflammation, though the diagnostic value of these tests remains unclear. Because the pathogenesis of interstitial inflammation is extremely complex in nature, classical analytical models are limited in their ability to elucidate the nonlinear biomarkers interplay that underlies the interstitial inflammation. We propose to develop artificial neural networks to predict renal interstitial inflammation outcomes based on individual patient urine tests. The neural networks will be trained, validated, and verified with patient data for which the interstitial inflammation was scored by a renal pathologist from renal biopsies. Performance measurements will be taken to report the neural networks level of success. The neural networks can be used to classify new patients, that it to calculate the individual probability of interstitial inflammation severity based solely on noninvasive clinical measurements. Furthermore, new patient data will be incorporated into older version of the model to refine predictions. Neural networks emulate the traditional development of expert opinions, from the expert’s practical clinical experience and mastery of the published literature. While linked here to kidney interstitial inflammation, these methods are far more reaching, and similar approaches could be consider to address other clinical decision-‐making processes.
Behavioral And Disruptive Behavior in Fourth Grade: Assessment and Intervention Kelly A. Litzenberg, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology
Elementary school teachers who leave the profession early in their careers, often report doing so due to the challenges of disciplinary problems among students in the classroom. Although there are several empirically-‐based approaches to managing such problems, it is sometimes necessary to design highly individualized arrangements that target the disruptive behavior of select students. In this analysis an observation system was developed to capture occurrences of disruptive behaviors of a fourth grader during math class. After establishing a baseline, a system of delivering reinforcement for appropriate vocalizations and behavior was implemented which involved differential attention delivered by support personnel in the classroom. Several variations of the reinforcement system were evaluated and all reinforcement was gradually "thinned". In addition, the student's academic performance on quizzes was assessed over the course of the project. The results indicated substantial improvements in the child's comportment, but only modest improvements in academic performance.
Behavioral Assessment and Interventions to Improve the Independent Living Skills of Women with Mental Health Challenges Brandy Bennett, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology
Approximately 19% of adults in the U.S. suffer from mental illness; nearly 7% have experienced major depression. Pharmacological treatment can be helpful and periods of hospitalization are sometimes necessary. As illustrated in these analyses of three women between the ages of 22 and 31, all diagnosed with major depression, behavioral treatments are also important and often involve frequent rehearsal in the tasks of daily living this population faces,. Assessment and intervention, which were tailored to their circumstances, focused on their abilities to complete job applications and interviews, to pass the written driving test, and to maintain a household. All showed improvement on these measures and, in one case, psychiatric hospitalization became less frequent. The implications of this approach to assessment and intervention for other mental health problems are considered, including the importance of behavior analytic training for mental health professionals.
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Black currant anthocyanins' inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by epigenetic modification of histone proteins and downregulation of EZH2 possibly through JNK-‐EGR-‐1 pathway Tsz "Tiffany" Chan and Omid Mir, Pharmacy Graduate Students; Mentor: Deepak Bhatia, PhD, Assistant Professor Pharmacogenomics
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally viewed as a disease with accumulation of genetic alterations that are responsible for the expression of genes controlling cell cycle and cell proliferation. Many investigators have explored the role of Enhancer of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2) in many types of cancer. EZH2 is an active catalytic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that contributes to tri-‐methylation of lysines 4, 9, 36, and possibly 27 in HCC. In literature, it is reported that EZH2 represses the expression of the genes required for cell differentiation, lineage development, and tumor suppression through methylations on histone proteins and DNA and yet treatment against activation of such gene is not currently explored. In this proposal, we provide evidence showing that activated EZH2 and other PRC2 genes in liver cancer are 5-‐10 fold downregulated by berry extract. Immunohistochemical evaluation further confirmed the reversal of methylation of histone h3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Furthermore, we found correlation of JNK (c-‐Jun N-‐Terminal Kinase) and Egr-‐1 (Early Growth Response-‐1) with EZH2 thereby suggesting involvement of JNK-‐EGR-‐1 pathway in downregulation of EZH2 upon berry extract treatment.
Buying into the Payout: 215 Reasons Why Education Doesn't Matter Thomas S. Caracciolo, Sports Management Graduate Student Fritz Polite, PhD, Assistant Professor Sports Management
Inevitably, head coaches will be fired at the end of each college football season, however little attention is paid to the terms of these departures. An Athletic Department can spend millions of dollars paying the remainder of a football coach’s contract, while he gets to relax on Saturday afternoon and watch football from the comfort of his home. This presentation will focus on the payout Charlie Weis received from both the University of Notre Dame and the University of Kansas after he was removed as head coach. We will bring light to the reasons why he received this money, how it could impact the lives of others if it were used to fund academic scholarships or provide along with other benefits to student-‐athletes or the university community.
CD Recording: Popular Delusions Robert Larson, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair Instrumental Division, Harrison Piano Chair Golder O'Neill, PhD, Associate Professor Instrumental Division
Bob Larson's Popular Delusions is the title of a CD project that will be released on February 28, 2016 on the Shenandoah Conservatory record label, Swarm Music Group. The tracks were recorded in the Shenandoah University Recording Studio on November 21-‐22, 2015. The band is comprised of Craig Fraedrich, trumpet; Luis Hernandez, tenor saxophone; Matt Niess, trombone; Bob Larson, piano; Paul Henry, bass; and CV Dasheill, drums. Bob composed five pieces for the album and arranged four others. Golder O'Neill engineered and mixed the project and adjunct faculty member Dan Shores of Sono Luminus mastered it. We will discuss the process of composing the music, recording it (microphone placement, instrument separation, etc), editing using Pro Tools software, and mixing and mastering to obtain the final result.
Do whisper videos on YouTube have therapeutic potential? A Global Survey of Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) Craig A. H. Richard, PhD Professor, School of Pharmacy Karissa A. Burnett, B.A. Graduate Student, Fuller School of Psychology, Pasadena, CA Jennifer L. Allen, Manager, Twinstate Technologies, Morrisonville, NY
Background: ASMR is usually described as an enjoyable and relaxing sensation. Commonly reported triggers for ASMR include soft voices, whispers, light touches, being groomed, receiving attention from a clinician, observing someone performing a task with their hands, and/or the sounds of gentle tapping or crinkling. Videos containing ASMR triggers are becoming increasingly popular on YouTube™. One research study and comments on ASMR videos demonstrate that many viewers use these videos to help them relax and/or fall asleep. The only peer-‐reviewed publication about ASMR had about 500 surveyed participants.
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Objectives: To characterize the demographics of ASMR responders and how these responders experience and use ASMR. Methods: An online survey was created, approved by IRB for 18 years or older, administered by SurveyMonkey™, and targeted to visitors and members of popular ASMR websites, forums, Facebook pages, and YouTube channels. Data was collected for 13 months (11/27/14 to 12/18/15). Data are expressed as percent of all respondents who experience ASMR. Results: Survey was completed by 11,691 individuals who experience ASMR. Participants were from 104 countries, 61% female, aged 18 to 74 years, and had a mean age of 28 years. The majority of participants have watched over 100 ASMR videos, felt sensations in their head or spine during ASMR, selected relaxed/calmed/soothed/sleepy as terms to describe ASMR, and reported that ASMR helps them to relax more, stress less, and fall asleep. Implications: The quantity and global breadth of these results support further investigations into the physiology of ASMR and potential clinical applications of ASMR.
Does Pre-‐Operative Education Have an Effect on Post-‐Operative Outcomes? Thérèse M. Collins, MS, RN, Assistant Professor, Nursing
The purpose of this poster was to highlight the importance of preoperative education in improving patient satisfaction and pain management, while reducing patient anxiety levels. The studies included in this review show a modest reduction in patient anxiety, but they did not have statistically significant findings in improving patient satisfaction or pain management. The sample sizes were small, with extremely similar control and intervention groups. This does not mean that preoperative education is not necessary. Over the years, patient education has become a standard of care (Webber, 1990), and it would have been unethical to withhold instruction. For those patients undergoing total knee replacement or total hip replacement, does preoperative patient education have an effect on the patient's levels of satisfaction, anxiety reduction and pain management? While this PICOT question had limited results in the literature, this speaks to the strength of the current standard of care for preoperative education. As healthcare faces the challenge of providing quality care with reduced reimbursements, administrators need to support the provision of patient education, while nurses continue to explore ways to provide preoperative education that meets the patient’s needs (Webber, 1990). This project was completed within a research course, with the dual objectives of working through the PICOT process and discovering how the area of interest needs to be further defined in the future. As such, the objectives of the project were met; the author recognizes that the project’s narrow scope limits it immediate application to nursing.
E-‐sports: A Rise to Prominence and Impact on the Future Dr. Joey Gawrysiak Mr. Cameron Wiseman, Graduate student
E-‐sports are gaining popularity and becoming more widespread with their inclusion in the X-‐Games and their coverage by major television networks such as ESPN and TBS. The e-‐sport industry is expected to increase its revenue in 2015 by 30% and attract more than 113 million fans (Wingfield 2015). These are not just casual activities for kids to play in their free time. Video games have become a legitimate career and professional sport entity. The number and scope of tournaments has increased significantly, going from about 10 tournaments in 2000 to about 260 in 2010 (Popper 2013). During one day of The International, Twitch recorded 4.5 million unique views, with each view watching for an average of 2 hours (Popper 2013). In 2013, it was estimated that approximately 71,500,000 people watched competitive gaming (Warr 2014). So while the current snapshot of e-‐sports is healthy, what does the future look like and what are some of the implications? Few industries, even on the bleeding edge, are able to make accurate projections even ten years into the future. At thirty years out, all bets are off. Accelerating technology, evolving design, even entirely new mediums, spring suddenly into being. Could gaming in 2015 have been predicted from gaming in 1985? The impact of e-‐sports on the future of video gaming and sports will be highlighted in this work.
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Effects Of Localized Cold Air Versus Traditional Ice Bag On Treatment Of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Kimberly Pritchard, PhD, VATL, ATC, Assistant Professor, Athletic Training
Context: There may be advantages to the use of either localized cold air or ice bag treatment on local discomfort or pain and clinical outcomes associated with delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Objective: To investigate changes in skin surface temperature and functional performance, as well as the subjective report of pain and sensation associated with DOMS after treatment using two different modes of cryotherapy. Design: Randomized controlled laboratory trial. Patients/Participants: 28 healthy and active individuals (21 Male, 7 Female; age 21.0±2.5 years; height 177.3±11.2cm; weight 98.4±23.6kg) volunteered to participate. Intervention(s): DOMS was induced in subjects using repeated standardized eccentric calf exercises. Cryotherapy was applied and outcomes assessed 48 and 54 hours post-‐exercise. During cryotherapy treatment, subjects were placed in figure-‐four position with gastrocnemius exposed, then treated with localized cold-‐air therapy for 1.5-‐2 minutes or traditional ice bag secured with consistent pressure 10 minutes. Main Outcome Measures: Temperature and functional performance as well as pain and sensation were measured. ANOVA with post hoc testing was used to assess changes over time between groups. Results: Each subject received one randomly applied mode of cryotherapy at two different time points. Treatment was applied to the area of greatest soreness in the gastrocnemius 48 and 54 hours after eccentric exercise. The greatest difference in skin temperature reduction between groups occurred at 10 minutes after treatment one (P<.001) and two (P=.01). There were no differences in pain, skin sensation, or functional performance between groups at any time. Conclusions: Although both treatments reduced skin temperature after exposure, ice bags elicited a significantly greater reduction in skin temperature 10 minutes after treatment than localized cold-‐air.
Entrepreneurship in Public Health Behavior: Forging an Interdisciplinary Doctorate at Shenandoah Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor Psychology Tim Ford, PhD, Dean, Health Professions Seth Chatfield, PhD, Assistant Professor, Management
Human behavior is either complicit in the major health problems we confront or is key to their solution. Examples include traffic safety, disease prevention and management, various forms of violence (child maltreatment, domestic abuse, mass shootings), substance abuse, prenatal care, and environmental preservation. Each has clinical and global dimensions, and each may be resolved only through a humanitarian spirit blended with the entrepreneurship of business and the technical skills of behavioral science. If crisis is opportunity, Shenandoah University certainly has a unique one.
Meeting the Challenge: Men United for Excellence and the Journey to Success Jerimiai Santiago Assistant Director of Learning Resources, VP Enrollment Management Fritz Polite, PhD, Assistant Professor, Sports Management
This study will attempt to examine the documented challenges of students of color on predominantly white campuses (PWI). The study will also attempt to investigate programs that provide prescriptions/solutions to assist in the areas of retention, persistence and graduation rates. These variables are directly related to students of color and the dismal data surrounding these graduation/retention rates. The study’s findings will assist in gaining a better understating of students and their roles/challenges within institutions of higher learning. As the retention and graduation success rates remain pivotal in today’s higher education conversations, The Men United For Excellence Program looks to provide others institutions a blueprint for assisting and mentoring students in their journey towards success. Purpose of this study: The purpose of this study is to address the black male college completion rates, which are the lowest among both sexes and all racial/ethnic groups in U.S. higher education (Harper, 2006a; Strayhorn, 2010). By targeting concerns specific to African American males, MUE strives to increase
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persistence to graduation while helping students develop the skills and connections necessary for post graduation success. Only 41% of Black male youth graduate from high school and two-‐thirds of all Black men who enter college leave without ever completing a degree (U.S. Department of Education, 2011) MUE Program Purpose: Men United for Excellence (MUE) is an African-‐American Male Mentoring Program at Shenandoah University, Winchester, VA. The program is a retention initiative designed to address the documented risks of African-‐American males in higher education.
Meeting the Needs of New SU Full Time Faculty Stephanie U. Cross, Program Director and Assistant Professor, Division of Respiratory Care
This project aims to evaluate how Shenandoah University (SU) is meeting the needs of orienting new full time faculty. A draft survey for new faculty will be developed and presented at Wine, Cheese & Scholarship. During this collaboration, feedback about the survey and project will be obtained. Survey question topics will address Human Resources, University/School policies, and technological training provided during new SU faculty orientation. Improvements to the survey will be made, with the intention of obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. Following IRB approval, all new (during the 2015-‐16 academic year) full time faculty at Shenandoah University will be contacted for consent and survey completion. The results will be shared with all departments participating in Shenandoah University’s new faculty orientation, for the purpose of assessment and making improvements.
Pedagogical Perspectives on the Etymology of “Belting” Piero Bonamico, Conservatory Graduate Student Mentor: David Meyer, DM, Associate Professor, Vocal/Choral Division
Words are the primary tool used by singing teachers to effect change in their students’ technique. This supports the use of clear, consistent vocabulary with agreed upon definitions. The term “belting” refers to a singing technique. Its origin is loosely attributed to descriptions of Ethel Merman’s singing starting in the late nineteen twenties. Today, performers from a wide variety non-‐classical styles “belt” on a regular basis. Leading voice pedagogues do not agree on the definition of belting. Their views can be loosely divided into two categories: those who disapprove of belting because they consider it either deleterious to vocal health, not aesthetically pleasing or both; and those who approve of belting but differ on its manner of production, its aesthetic qualities or both. Dr. Matthew Hoch, author of A Dictionary for the Modern Singer said it best, “perhaps no other word in singing is as multifarious.” Using a literature review and survey this project investigates two questions: how do these differing definitions effect singers’ perceptions of the term belting; and do these differing definitions create confusion?
Prescription Cascading -‐ A growing concern Isha Patel PhD, PhD., Associate Professor, Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Sarah Trinh BS*, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Thu Phan BS*, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy Mark Johnson PharmD, Professor, Pharmacy Practice, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy
Prescription cascading in developmentally disabled individuals is an issue that needs to be addressed by healthcare providers. It can occur due to lack of information available to the provider, lack of care coordination with patient and caregiver, inability to recognize adverse drug events, and misdiagnosis of new medical conditions. Patients who are developmentally disabled may not be able to communicate their symptoms, adverse effects or need for treatment. Physicians treating these patients may often prescribe medications to treat adverse drug reactions but may neglect to see that these medications can be avoided to prevent further side effects. Pharmacists can play a key role as a liaison between patient, caregivers, and providers through education about medication regimen, disease states, counseling on adherence, adverse reactions, and interpreting medical terms into layman's terms. This review highlights the management of prescription cascading in developmentally disabled patients through care coordination and provider patient communication.
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Student Pharmacists in the Medication Reconciliation Process: A Literature Review Sereen Sultana, PharmD Graduate Student Ranjani Varadarajan, PhD, Assistant Professor, Clinical Sciences
This review attempts to summarize studies looking at how student pharmacists are utilized in the medication reconciliation process, where are they utilized, and determine the effect of the student pharmacists on the quality outcome indicators. The ongoing review looks at articles published for the years ranging from 2005-‐2016 in English on pharmacy students in the medication reconciliation process. Electronic databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE were used, in addition to the institution library. This continuing review has identified a total of 60 potentially useful articles, with 20 meeting the inclusion criteria thus far. The review found that pharmacy students significantly improved the medication reconciliation process by effectively communicating with patients about their medications and identifying any medication-‐related discrepancies in their charts. Student pharmacists were utilized in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Most studies report student pharmacists being utilized in the inpatient triage process, with medication reconciliation occurring between 24 and 72 hours of admission. Studies found that student pharmacist-‐led medication reconciliation processes to be significantly effective, with one study identifying 268 discrepancies, averaging 5 discrepancies per patient. Student pharmacists have been shown to significantly improve the medication reconciliation process, thereby fulfilling a crucial aspect of 2015 National Patient Safety Goal set by the Joint Commission. This review attempts to summarize the literature on how student pharmacists are being utilized at this date and what can be done to utilize them to their optimum capacity to meet our patient care safety and quality goals.
¡Tengo Leche! Building Upon a Successful Initiative to Increase Breastfeeding Rates Among Rural Hispanic Immigrant Mothers Naomi Pitcock, DNP, RN, APHN, Assistant Professor, Nursing Kimberly Pineda, MA, Natasha Ossinova, RN, IBCLC, MPH Dr. Laura Yoder PhD, RN,
Background: According to the scholarly literature on breastfeeding a combination of efforts are needed to improve breastfeeding. The authors conducted initial research focusing on Spanish speaking immigrants that concluded when mothers attended a culturally appropriate childbirth and breastfeeding education class (¡Tengo Leche!) a statistically significant number of them (41%) left the hospital exclusively breastfeeding. This poster presentation is the second phase in a tri-‐phase research project studying initiatives to increase breastfeeding among Spanish speaking immigrants. Objective: To evaluate the addition of a in hospital peer supporter initiative to the existing ¡Tengo Leche! breastfeeding education intervention to increase exclusive breastfeeding rates. Methods: A two group quasi-‐experimental design was used to test the addition of Peer support. The sample (n=103) were a sample of convenience composed of pregnant Spanish speaking immigrant women recruited from the Community Prenatal Language Access Program. From that n=103 of Spanish speaking immigrants, n=35 of them had participated in the ¡Tengo Leche! intervention and n=68 had not. The additional intervention of peer support was applied to entire sample, whether they participated in ¡Tengo Leche! or not. Results: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at discharge was significantly different (c2 = 4.51, p = .02), where moms who had attended ¡Tengo Leche! were more likely to be exclusively breastfeeding at discharge when they had both the ¡Tengo Leche! intervention and the peer support group: 46.7% of exclusive breastfeeding in comparison to those who only had the peer support intervention, 24.6%. Conclusion: The mothers who did not attend the class, but did receive the secondary peer support intervention, yielded very notable results in that 24.6% of them were exclusively breastfeeding at discharge as compared to only 3.1% in the first study and prior to the initiation of the peer support intervention. The authors conclude that both interventions together yield higher exclusive breastfeeding (46.7%). Additionally, when only Peer support is recorded that yields significant increases in exclusive breastfeeding among the Spanish speaking immigrants in this study. However, ¡Tengo Leche! yields higher exclusivity rates as a stand alone intervention when compared to peer support.
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The Future of Tobacco Cessation Counseling Ashley Petrolino, MPH, RRT, Assistant Professor, Respiratory Care
Traditionally the respiratory care curriculum at Shenandoah University has mimicked the treatment-‐based focus of health care and had a greater focus on treatment than prevention. For this reason little emphasis has been placed on the respiratory therapist’s role in prevention programs such as tobacco cessation. With recent health care shifts towards prevention it is important for students in respiratory care to be prepared to provide education that can ultimately prevent future suffering for their patients. Prescription for Change is an evidenced-‐based program developed by University of California, San Francisco, which can be incorporated into the current respiratory therapy curriculum at Shenandoah University. The respiratory care faculty at Shenandoah University has attended training that allows them to train students in tobacco cessation counseling. This study proposal employs the use of a student survey prior to and following student training the Prescription for Change counseling program. Survey questions will assess the student’s self-‐rated confidence level, skill, level, and knowledge in topics such as, motivational interviewing, pharmaceutical aids in tobacco cessation, and their likelihood to utilize information obtained from the training. Following IRB approval, all respiratory care students attending Shenandoah University in the Spring 2016 semester will be given a survey prior to and following being trained in the Prescription for Change counseling program. The results on the pre-‐training survey will be compared to those on the post-‐training survey in order to assess the student’s perceived knowledge, skill, and ability to provide tobacco cessation training to their future patients.
The Good Behavior Game in Elementary School: Analysis of Effects on Target and NonTarget Teachers and Students Megan Kunsman, M.S. Brandon F. Greene, PhD, Associate Professor, Psychology
Many elementary and secondary education teachers enter the profession unprepared to manage disruptive behavior. In fact, the majority who leave the profession in their first five years identify that problem as the reason for doing so. In this analysis we supported one 5th grade teacher's effort to manage her classroom by installing a version of the "Good Behavior Game" and by rendering ongoing technical assistance to insure its fidelity. The game first involves establishing class rules (e.g., raising hand to speak; remaining in seat). The class is then divided in half (two teams) and the teacher displays a mark against the team whenever a member violates the rules. The winning team is awarded with preferred privileges (e.g., extra recess). In addition, both teams can win if the accumulation of marks on their respective sides does not exceed an established limit. An analysis indicated that the game reduced the number of students who engaged in such disruptions from 2.2 per minute to .4 per minute. The effects were circumscribed. That is, when these target students entered other teachers' classrooms, their disruptions continued. In addition, the teacher who had implemented the program successfully in the one class we targeted did/could not do so in her other classes without technical assistance.
The Validation of an Instrument to Measure Helplessness in Learning Statistics Sarah R. Daniel, PhD, Assistant Professor Quantitative Methods Helplessness in learning statistics research team at the University of Texas at Austin: Brandon K. Vaughn, Breana J. Sylvester-‐Dacy, Dandan Wang, Frank W. Roberts, Robert W. Ellis, Audrey J. Leroux, Diane L. Schallert, Marilla D. Svinicki.
Some students view statistics as the worst course they take while in college (Hogg, 1991). Hence, teachers often struggle with how to best help them learn statistics and become practical consumers of research conclusions based on statistical analysis. Most work in this area approaches the problem from the vantage point of statistical anxiety. Up to this point in time, no research has been found which considers a deeper hindrance to students’ learning in statistics – a conditioning toward failure or learned helplessness. We define learned helplessness in academic situations as a negative reactionary mindset toward new learning situations based on a student’s faulty interpretation of past failure in cognitive, psychological, and/or behavioral realms. In other words, in these experiences of failure, students learn to not try or to quit trying. The purpose of this research was to develop an instrument to measure helplessness in learning statistics and assess psychometrically its reliability and validity. In Study 1 (N = 361) factor stability, assessed using exploratory
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and confirmatory factor analytic techniques, was established for the 7-‐item Helplessness in Learning Statistics Scale (HILSS). In Study 2 the factor structure of the 7-‐item HILSS generated in Study 1 was cross-‐validated using a sample of 457 undergraduates. The convergent and discriminant validities were also assessed. The factor structure and the validity of the HILSS were supported. The results of these studies support the reliability and validity of the 7-‐item HILSS instrument. Implications for use of the HILSS in research and practice are discussed.
Using Pop Culture in the Classroom Jessica Peacock, PhD, Assistant Professor, Exercise Science
This presentation provides review of a study on the attitudes towards and utilization of pop culture in the classroom following survey of 212 collegiate faculty at a midsized public regional university. Results showed significant differences among faculty within various disciplines and ages. Participants in the humanities and social sciences reported utilizing popular culture more frequently and having more positive attitudes and beliefs towards popular culture than participants in natural sciences and mathematics. A set of guidelines is presented for the successful incorporation of popular culture in collegiate teaching focusing on enhancing critical thinking skills and maintaining academic rigor.
Was my "Purpose Pitch" Justified? Barry Penn Hollar, PhD, Professor, Philosophy and Religion
As a college baseball player, I threw a no-‐hitter. In the ninth inning, an opposing player tried to drag bunt to break up the no-‐hitter but he bunted foul. This is considered a violation of the informal rules of baseball. I threw the next pitch at his head. This paper offers an ethical analysis of what I did. The first section argues that what I did was permissible because it was an expected response on the batter's part to his known violation of baseball etiquette. In the second section, I will show that the previous argument is persuasive only when set in the broader moral context of baseball as a set of practices that serve some significant human good. I will draw heavily on Paul Gaffney’s The Meaning of Sport: Competition As a Form of Language. Gaffney suggests that baseball is good in part because it is an arena in which human beings seek and gain morally significant “recognition” from their fellow competitors and others. Finally, I consider the possibility that my pitch could have caused serious injury or even death. I defend my action indicating that such injury was neither intended nor at all probable
The Faculty Research and Publications Committee and the Center for Teaching, Learning, and Technology would like to thank everyone who made this event possible including
Adrienne Bloss for her support and encouragement BSC staff for their help with room arrangements
OMC for helping to spread the word ACT for providing technology assistance
Copy Center for their outstanding printing services Sodexo for providing the all-‐important wine and cheese
All of the presenters for their expertise, creativity and dedication