wine and health
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Wine and HealthTRANSCRIPT
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Wine and HealthWine and HealthMickey Parish, Ph.D.
Professor and Chair
Dept of Nutrition and Food Science
College of Agriculture and Natural Resources
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"Nothing more excellentor valuable than wine
was ever granted by theGods to man."
Plato
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What is in Wine?• Water 85-90%
• Ethanol – preserve, flavor enhancer 7-14%
• Sugars – sweetener, flavor enhancer 0.1-15%
• Acids – Organic, inorganic; crisp sour 0.6-1%
• Tannins – pigmnts, phenols; health; preservation 0.6-1%• Volatile compounds – aroma, bouquet +200
• Proteins, vitamins, minerals little
Caloric content dependent upon
alcohol and sugar content.
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Wine (4 fl oz) Calories
Cabernet franc 96
Burgundy, red 101
Cabernet Sauvignon 96
Chenin blanc 94
Fume blanc 96
Chardonnay 90
Sauvignon blanc 95
Pinot grigio 97
Merlot 98
Muscat 98
Reisling 95
Sauvignon Blanc 80
Zinfandel 103
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/
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German and WalzemTHE HEALTH BENEFITS OF WINE
Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2000. 20:561–93
Polyphenolic Compounds
Antioxidant propertiesTotal Phenolics
Red wine 900-2500 mg/L
White wine 190-290 mg/L
ResveratrolRed 1.0 mg/LWhite 0.2 mg/L
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Obvious negative effects fromconsumption of alcohol
Alcoholism & Liver diseaseSulfites (ca. 1% of pop.)
Headaches (migraine trigger)
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International Journal of Epidemiology - August 2000 - Seven CountriesStudy
Life Span
Moderate drinkers live onaverage two years longer
than heavy drinkers ornon-drinkers.
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Light drinkers who consumed wine
cut their risk of dying prematurelyby almost one third.
Wine drinkers as a group hadsignificantly lower mortality from
cardiovascular disease and cancer.
2000 – Karolinska Institute
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Health Effects
Coronary Heart Disease
Cancer
Osteoporosis
Alzheimer’s – Senility
Other
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Coronary Heart Disease
Blood-thinning properties
Reduces oxidation of LDL
Raises HDL
Reduces coronary artery spasms
Increases coronary blood flow
Reduces blood pressure
Reduces stress
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“One glass per day for women,and up to two glasses for menmay result in a thirty to fiftypercent decrease in the risk of aheart attack.”
Coronary Heart Disease
http://www.red-wine-and-health.com/html/health-risks-of-alcohol-abuse.php3
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CancerIn vitro or Epi Studies on:
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Oral cancer
Ovarian cancer
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Vachon, CM et al. Association of Diet and Mammographic Breast Density in the MinnesotaBreast Cancer Family Cohort. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Preventio n. 2000 9:151-160.
Breast Cancer
• Mayo Clinic epidemiologic study of over1500 women.• Tried to correlate breast density with
consumption of fat, vitamins, carbs, andalcohol.• Alcohol - only substance to increase breastdensity in both pre- and post-menopausalwomen.
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Breast Cancer
2007 epidemiological study
More than 70,000 multi-ethnic women
Alcohol consumption (no matter the source)correlated with increased risk
1 – 2 drinks/day = 10% increase in risk
Heavy drinking = 30% increase in risk
Arthur Klatsky. Kaiser Permanente Div. of Research. European Cancer
Conference (ECCO 14) Barcelona, Sept 28, 2007.
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Recent Articles from Scientific Lit:
“Consumption of coffee, tea,fruit juices, or wine was not
associated with risk for breastcancer.”
Hirvonen et al. 2006. Ann Epidemiol.
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Ovarian Cancer
Australian study – 2002
“Women who drink more thanone glass of red wine a day arealmost seven times less likelyto develop ovarian cancer than
non-drinkers.”
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Osteoporosis
November 2000 - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition –Creighton University
Study of 500 elderly women
Bone mineral density – 12 to 16%higher among moderate drinkers
than non-drinkers
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Alzheimer’sSCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM – Nov 7, 2005
Journal of Biological Chemistry
In vitro study on Alzheimer cell line
40 umol resveratrol – reduced levelsof amyloid beta peptides by half
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V. HOUDE, D. GRENIER, and F. CHANDAD, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Presented at 2006 Am. Assn Dental Res. Annual meeting.
Red wine polyphenols havepotent antioxidant properties
which reduce oxidative stressmediated by periodontogenic
bacteria.
Periodontitis
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D. Baer. USDA-BARC. JAMA 2002.
Moderate, daily alcoholconsumption improved insulin
and triglyceride concentrations.
Diabetes – Type 2
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Bottom Line
Wine consumption has definiterisks and benefits.
Most healthy people who drink wine regularlyand moderately live longer.
Moderation is the key.
Correlation b/n alcohol and increased breast
cancer risk may be an issue.