Windows Server 2012 Networking Performance and ManagementPrabu RambadranProduct Marketing ManagerMicrosoft Corporation

Agenda

• Introduction

• Network management

• Managing your network performance

• Features and improvements

• Performance analysis and tools

Beyond Virtualization

Windows Server 2012 offers a dynamic, multi-tenant infrastructure that goes beyond virtualization to provide maximum flexibility for delivering and connecting to cloud services.

Modern Workstyle, Enabled

Windows Server 2012empowers IT to provide users with flexible access to data and applications from virtually anywhere on any device with a rich user experience, while simplifying management and helping maintain security, control and compliance.

The Power of Many Servers, the Simplicity of One

Windows Server 2012 offers excellent economics by integrating a highly available and easy to manage multi-server platform with breakthrough efficiency and ubiquitous automation.

Every App, Any Cloud

Windows Server 2012 is a broad, scalable and elastic server platform that gives you the flexibility to build and deploy applications and websites on-premises, in the cloud and in a hybrid environment, using a consistent set of tools and frameworks.

Windows Server 2012Cloud Optimize Your IT

Key Takeaways

• Understand some of the network management options available in Windows Server 2012

• Know when to use a certain network feature to meet your specific workload needs and goals

• Use the available tools to quickly diagnose performance problems and bottlenecks in your workloads

• Fine tune your systems and hardware to achieve optimum Networking Performance on Windows Server 2012

Network Management

• Resource Metering• IPAM• PowerShell (covered through out the deck)

title

Resource Metering

Resource Metering

Features• Meter resource usage• Ability to create Resource Pools• Compatible with all Hyper-V

operations• Data unaffected by Virtual Machine

movement• Network metering port ACLs

Metrics

• Active CPU usage• Average memory use• Minimum memory use• Maximum memory use• Maximum disk allocation• Incoming network traffic• Outgoing network traffic

A two-tenant environment built with Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012

Resource Metering Continued …

Benefits• Track VM use• Aggregate data in a

Multi-tenant environment

• Build Chargeback solutions

• Easy to use PowerShell cmdlets

Basic model of Resource Metering

PowerShell CmdletsEnable resource Metering:Get-VM -ComputerName <Host Name> | Enable-VMResourceMetering

Get VM metering data:Get-VM -ComputerName <Host Name> -Name <VM Name> | Measure-VM

title

IP Address Management(IPAM)

IP Address Management today

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

• Automation• Rich feature set• Integration with own

and MS DHCP/DNS

High acquisition, support, and consulting costs

• Automation• High degree of

customization

Maintenance cost Relies on in-house

support model Expensive to add

new capabilities

• No CapEx investment

• Simple to use for small networks….at first

Labor intensive estimated (~$10 per address per annum)

Only performs address mgmt.

Inflexible and does not scale

3rd Party Solutions In-house tools Spreadsheets

Con

s P

ros

Windows Server 2012 IPAM Overview

WS 2012 IPAM

Network discovery

Multi-server mgmt(MSM)

Visibility & audit

.

.Automatic discovery of

DC, DHCP and DNS servers, and dynamic IP

addresses in use

Centralized configuration and update of MS DHCP/DNS

servers

Track and audit changes and provide real-time

view of status

Address space mgmt(ASM)

Organize, assign, monitor and manage static and dynamic

IPv4/v6 addresses. Integration with SCVMM

In-box solution that complements – and seamlessly integrated with – MS DHCP and DNS offerings

Suitable for MS DHCP/DNS customers looking for an economic, capable and scalable IPAM solution

External System

WS 2012 IPAM – Components and Functionality

DHCP Server

DNS Server

DC Server

NPS Server

IPAMAdministrators

IPAM ASMAdministrators

IPAM MSMAdministrators

IPAMUsers

IPAM AuditAdministrators

Role

-base

d a

ccess

co

ntr

ol

WS08; WS08 R2 & SPs; WS 2012

Win 8 (RSAT) & WS 2012

WS 2012 in-box

IPAM ServerWID

WID – Windows Internal Database is a relational data store for Windows Server components

IPAM Client

Agentless architecture

Distributed deployment, scale, and DR

IPAM ServerWID

demo

IPAM

Performance Features and Improvements

Let’s first cover some terminology• Processor. One physical processor, which can consist of

one or more nodes. A physical processor is the same as a package, a socket, or a CPU.

• Non-uniform memory architecture (NUMA) node. A set of logical processors and cache that are close to one another.

• Core. One processing unit, which can consist of one or more logical processors.

• Logical processor (LP). One logical computing engine from the perspective of the operating system, application, or driver. In effect, a logical processor is a thread.

• Kernel Group. A set of up to 64 logical processors.• Affinity. A preference indicated by a thread, process, or

interrupt for operation on a particular processor, node, or group.

Processor or Socket

NUMA Node

Core

LP LP

Kernel Group (KGroup)

Processor or SocketNUMA Node

Core

LP LP

Processor or SocketNUMA Node

Core

LP LP

Processor or SocketNUMA Node

Core

LP LP

Processor or SocketNUMA Node

Core

LP LP

Performance metrics definitions• Latency. The time required for an operation to complete. Lower is

better.

• Scalability. The ability to adapt to increasing demand on system resources. Higher is better.

• Throughput. The amount of data transferred or processed in a given time period. Higher is better.

• Path Length. The number of CPU cycles divided by the throughput. Lower is better.

• Variability / Jitter. Fluctuation in throughput and/or latency. Lower is better.

L

S

T

P

J

IT Pro Problem #1

Receive-heavy workload with one of the CPUs maxed out at 100%. Unable to increase receive throughputExample: Backup Server or FTP Server

• RSC can help by coalescing multiple inbound packets into a larger buffer and effectively reduce per packet CPU cost

• Preliminary data shows up to a 20% reduction in CPU cycles depending on the workload

• All inbox 10G network adapters support the feature and have it on by default

RSC: Multiple Inbound Packets

Coalesced to reduce CPU load

Solution: Receive Segment Coalescing (RSC)T P

demo

Receive Segment Coalescing (RSC)

IT Pro Problem #2

• IT Pro has received a heavy workload that is CPU bound and wants to scale their workload across CPUsExamples: Web Server and File Server

• Use RSS to distribute the receive network traffic either across multiple processors or multiple NUMA nodes

• IT Pros should use new Power Shell cmdlets to control RSS behavior based on their workload characteristics

PS C:\cim> Set-NetAdapterRss -? PS C:\cim> Set-NetAdapterRss -InterfaceDescription <String[]> -Profile <UInt32> -Confirm

DynamicStatic

NUMA aware

NonNUMA

Profile 1

Profile 2Profile 3(default)

Profile 0 (like WS08

R2)

Solution: Receive Side Scaling (RSS) TS

NIC with 8 RSS queues

Node 0 Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

qu

eu

es

2

2

3

3

1

1

0

0

Incoming Packets

New RSS profiles improve scalability on multi-node servers by distributing TCP/UDP receive traffic across nodes

Receive Side Scaling (Continued)

Th

roughp

ut

2 Nodes (20LP)

4 Nodes (40LP)

WS08R2Win2012

Web Scalability ImprovementsSingle Process

Hardware: 40LPs, 4 NUMA nodes , 10GigE, 128GB RAMWorkload: mixed Web scenario

Note: Measurements reflect release defaults

50%

201%

Multiple Processes (2 and 4)

2 Nodes (20LP)

4 Nodes (40LP)

WS08R2Win2012

Th

roughp

ut

43%

115%

IT Pro Problem #3

• An IT Pro wants to run more VMs on a physical machine but can’t because the incoming packet processing is saturating a limited set of CPUs on the physical host

• Examples: Private Cloud Deployments

• Use VMQ to dynamically distribute the receive network traffic across multiple VMs based on destination and network load

• Most inbox 10Gig Ethernet adapters support the feature which is enabled by default

Solution: Dynamic Virtual Machine Queues (VMQ)TS

Network IO path without VMQ Network IO path with VMQ

Developer Problem #1

• Developer is writing an Application that needs to send and receive data at microsecond granularity.

• Examples: 3D image processing or stock trading application

• Registered I/O (RIO) delivers low latency by “pinning” the application memory and reduces CPU cost

• RIO improves predictability with message latency (jitter)

• Example APIs: RIORegisterBuffer and RIOReceive

Solution: Registered I/O (RIO) T PL S J

Developer Problem #2

• Developer looking for an efficient and fast method to share data between processes on their Server.

• Examples: Database Servers and Business Applications like SAP

Winsock Application (E.g. Using localhost as TCP destination)

AFD

TCP/IP

NDIS

kernel

user

Win08 R2 Loopback Path

Windows 2008 R2

Windows Server 2012 Loopback Path

New: Shorter Path

• Customer should use new IOCTL SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH socket option to take new shorter path

• Both sides of connection must set new option but can’t have SO_OOBINLINE, TCP_EXPEDITED_1122, or TCP_STDURG socket options

Solution: TCP Loopback Fast Path T PL

demo

TCP Loopback fast path

Low Latency Tunings and Considerations• IT Pro wants to fine tune their system

for low latency application and minimize jitter

• Best Practices include:• Disable C-states from BIOS• Set Power Policy to High Performance• Use powercfg utility

• Disable NIC Interrupt Moderation setting• Disable Flow Control• Disable Receive Side Scaling• Disable Receive Segment Coalescing (RSC)• Use thread affinity in Task Manager to

partition work by nodes• Check out http://

technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831415.aspx

title

Performance Analysis and Tools

Can Turn On/Off

Can Modify Thresholds

Original Setting is derived from system tuning, empirical

evidence

• Zero install on servers

• Side by Side Comparison Report

• Historic Performance tracking and trending

• Thresholds can be modified

• Guide Performance optimizations via recommendations and next steps

EXAM

PLE R

ULE

Performance Analysis and ToolsServer Performance Advisor (SPA) 3.0

demo Identifying performance bottlenecks using SPA 3.0

• Microsoft Winsock BSP• Datagrams Drops or Rejected

• NUMA Node Memory• Per-NUMA memory lists• Overall system memory info per

Node• Network Adapter• Processor Performance

• Power related counters• Physical Network Interface

Activity• RDMA Activity

Performance Analysis and ToolsNew Performance Monitor Counters

• Get more information on hardware settings• Get-NetAdapter W*n• Get-NetAdapter L*n* -IncludeHidden (e.g. SSTP, PPTP)• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterIPsecOffload• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterLso• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterRss• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterRsc• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterVmq | Where-Object –FilterScript {$_.Enabled}• NetAdapter.Get-NetAdapterSrioVf –Name “Ethernet 1”

• Set specific properties on the hardware• NetAdapter.Set-NetAdapterRss –Name “Ethernet 1” –Profile NUMAStatic• NetAdapter.Set-NetAdapterSriov –Name “Ethernet 1” –NumVFs 31 –VPorts

64

EVERYTHING is configurable through PowerShell

Performance Analysis and ToolsPowerShell commands

• Enabling Performance features on the hardware• NetAdapter.Enable-NetAdapterEncapsulatedPacketTaskOffload

MyAdapter• NetAdapter.Enable-NetAdapterIPsecOffload MyAdapter• NetAdapter.Enable-NetAdapterLso MyAdapter –IPv4• NetAdapter.Enable-NetAdapterRdma MyAdapter• NetAdapter.Enable-NetAdapterRsc MyAdapter

• Get-Help <cmdlet name> -Detailed• Get-Help <cmdlet name> -Examples• Get-Help <cmdlet name> -Full

Performance Analysis and ToolsPowerShell commands (Continued)

SummaryWhen do you use each feature?

Performance Metric

Loopback Fast Path

Registered I/O (RIO)

Large Send Offload (LSO)

Receive Segmentation Offload (RSC)

Receive Side Scaling (RSS)

Virtual Machine Queues (VMQ)

Remote DMA (RDMA)

Single Root I/O Virtual(SR-IOV)

Lower End-to-End Latency

X X X X

Higher Scalability X X X

Higher Throughput X X X X X X X X

Lower Path Length X X X X X X

Lower Variability X

Conclusion

• Performance improvements across a number of key Windows Server 2012 roles

• Out of box performance improvements for LAN and WAN scenarios

• Available tools for networking performance analysis and optimizations

• Quick overview of network management options in Windows Server 2012

Other Sessions on WS 2012 Networking

WSV307: Windows Server 2012 IP Address Management Forum on Thu, Jun 28 2:45 PM - 4:00 PM

WSV310: Windows Server 2012: Cluster-in-a-Box, RDMA, and More Hall 2 on Wed, Jun 27 12:00 PM - 1:15 PM

WSV314: Windows Server 2012 NIC Teaming and Multichannel Solutions Forum on Thu, Jun 28 8:30 AM - 9:45 AM

WSV313: The Network Files, Case #53: Diagnosing Diseases of DNS Forum on Fri, Jun 29 8:30 AM - 9:45 AM

WSV312: IPv6: (Hard)Core Networking ServicesElicium 1 on Fri, Jun 29 2:45 PM - 4:00 PM

WSV333: Networking for Hybrid Cloud: BranchCache and Cross Premise Connectivity Emerald Room on Wed, Jun 27 5:00 PM - 6:15 PM

WSV308: Standards Support and Interoperability in Windows Server 2012: Storage, Networking, and Management

Hall 3A on Wed, Jun 27 2:45 PM - 4:00 PM

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Related Content

WSV321: Windows PowerShell Crash CourseWSV307: Windows Server 2012 IP Address ManagementWSV314: Windows Server 2012 NIC Teaming and Multichannel SolutionsVIR303: An Overview of Hyper-V Networking in Windows Server 2012VIR305: Hyper-V Network Virtualization for Scalable Multi-Tenancy in Windows VIR307: Get Hands-on with the New Hyper-V Extensible Switch in Windows Server 2012WSV14 – HOL: Managing Your Network Infrastructure with IP Address ManagementWSV24 – HOL: Managing Network Infrastructure with Windows Server 2012

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