Windows 8 für .net Entwickler

Patric Boscolopatbosc@microsoft.com@patricsmsdn

Student Technology Conference

Architecture

Windows Core OS Services

JavaScript(Chakra)

CC++

C#VB

Metro style apps

Communication & Data

Application Model

Devices & Printing

WinRT APIsGraphics &

Media

XAML HTML / CSS

HTMLJavaScri

pt

CC++

C#VB

Desktop apps

Win32

.NET / SL

Internet

Explorer

Syst

em

Serv

ices

Vie w

Mod

el

Contr

oll

er

Cor

e

Sub- and SupersetWindows Phone 7

Silverlight 5

.NET Framework 4.5

.NET Profile for Metro style apps

Windows Runtime

Types

Mapped Types

Interop Helpers

99% of Windows* namespaces

Int32, String, Boolean, IEnumerable<T>, IList<T>, Uri, etc.

IBuffer / Byte[] IAsync* / Task*InputStream, OutputStream,

Managed Types

Tuple, List<T>, XDocument, DataContract, etc.

Design Requirements

• Remove APIs not applicable to Metro style apps– e.g. Console, ASP.NET

• Remove dangerous, obsolete, and legacy APIs• Remove duplication (within .NET APIs and with WRT APIs)

– e.g. ArrayList (with List<T>) and XML DOM (with WR XML API)

• Remove APIs that are OS API wrappers– e.g. EventLog, Performance Counters

• Remove badly designed APIs– e.g. APIs that are confusing, don’t follow basic design guidelines, cause bad dependencies

Compatibility Requirements

• Running existing .NET applications as-is on the .NET profile for Metro style apps is not an objective

• Porting existing C# and VB code to the profile should be easy• Existing .NET developers should feel at home with this profile• Code compiled to the profile must be able to execute on .NET

Framework 4.5• Code compiled to the portable subset needs to be compatible

with this profile

* Refers to implementation assemblies, not reference assemblies. More on this later.

.NET for Metro style apps

BCL

HTTP

XML

Serialization

WCF

MEF

Main NamespacesSystemSystem.Collections*System.ComponentModelSystem.ComponentModel.Composition*System.Diagnostics*System.DynamicSystem.GlobalizationSystem.IOSystem.Linq*System.Net*System.ReflectionSystem.Runtime.InteropServices*System.Runtime.Serialization*System.ServiceModel*System.Text*System.ThreadingSystem.Threading.TasksSystem.Xml.*System.Xml.Linq

System Namespace* SimplicityActionAction<...>ActivatorArrayArraySegment<T>AsyncCallbackAttributeAttributeTargetsAttributeUsageAttributeBitConverterBooleanByteCharCLSCompliantAttributeConvertDateTimeDateTimeKindDateTimeOffsetDayOfWeekDecimalDelegateDoubleEnumEnvironmentEventArgsEventHandlerEventHandler<T>ExceptionFlagsAttributeFunc<...>GCGuid

IAsyncResultIComparable<T>ICustomFormatterIDisposableIEquatable<T>IFormatProviderIFormattableInt16Int32Int64IntPtrIObservable<T>IObserver<T>Lazy<T>MathMidpointRoundingMulticastDelegateNullableNullable<T>ObjectObsoleteAttributeParamArrayAttributePredicate<T>RandomRuntimeArgumentHandleRuntimeFieldHandleRuntimeMethodHandleRuntimeTypeHandleSByteSingleStringStringComparer

StringComparisonStringSplitOptionsThreadStaticAttributeTimeSpanTimeZoneInfoTupleTuple<...>TypeTypedReferenceUInt16UInt32UInt64UIntPtrUriUriBuilderUriComponentsUriFormatUriKindValueTypeVersionVoidWeakReferenceWeakReference<T>

* excluding exceptions

Removed, Replaced, and Changed

– System.Web– System.Data – System.Runtime.Remoting– System.Reflection.Emit– Private reflection– Application Domains

Removed, Replaced, and Changed

Existing Technology New Substitute

System.Windows Windows.UI.Xaml

System.Security.IsolatedStorage Windows.Storage.ApplicationData

System.Resources Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources

System.Net.Sockets Windows.Networking.Sockets

System.Net.WebClient Windows.Networking.BackgroundTransfer and System.Net.HttpClient

Existing Technology Changes

Serialization • Use Data Contract for general serialization needs

• Use XML serialization for fine control of the XML stream

Reflection • System.Type now represents a type reference

• System.Reflection.TypeInfo is the new System.Type

XML • XML Linq is the main XML parser• Use XmlReader/Writer as a low level

abstraction

Collections • Non generic collections gone• New collection abstractions added:

IReadOnlyList<T>

Threading • Synchronization primitives mainly unchanged

• Thread control in Windows.Foundation.Threading

• Task.Run is the new high level way of doing background processing

Async Model • !!!!

Removed, Replaced, and Changed

Porting Guide: Example TopicReflectionSystem.Type has become a type reference and only contains basic information. The majority of the reflection API's are now on System.Reflection.TypeInfo. You can get a TypeInfo from a Type by using the GetTypeInfo() extension method when you include a using statement for the System.Reflection namespace. Existing .NET Code Replacement Code Notes

type.Assembly type.GetTypeInfo().Assemblytype.GetMethods(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly)

type.GetTypeInfo().DeclaredMethods

type.GetMethod("MethodName", BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly)

type.GetTypeInfo().GetDeclaredMethod("MethodName")

These samples are the same for Properties, Events, and Fields.

type.GetMethod("MethodName") type.GetRuntimeMethod("MethodName")

GetRuntimeMethod API in Beta.

type.GetMethods() type.GetRuntimeMethods() GetRuntimeMethods() API in Beta.type.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.Public)

type.GetRuntimeMethods().Where(m => !m.IsStatic && m.IsPublic)

GetRuntimeMethods() API in Beta.

BindingFlags.NonPublic !member.IsPublic You can also use member.IsAssembly => internal or member.IsFamily => protected for more flexibility

Look for more on the BCL team’s blog

• .net 4.5 & Visual Studio 11 Paralle

l Pattern LibraryTask Parallel Library

PLINQ

Managed

Native

Key:

WindowsOperating System

Runtime

Programming Models

CLR ThreadPool

Task Scheduler

Resource ManagerD

ata

Stru

cture

s Data

Str

uct

ure

s

Tools

Tooling

Parallel Debugger

Concurrency Visualizer

AsyncAgent

sLibrar

y

Stacks

Tasks

Watch

CPU

Threads

Cores

C#/VB/F#

AsyncDataflo

w C++AMP

DirectX

GPU

CPU GPU

ConcRT

Task Scheduler

Resource Manager

New Updated

Async Implementation

• Task Representation as Feature in .net and Languages– Produce and Consume Async Operations

• When you write a Async Method– You Producing a Task<T> or Results Task<T>

• When you use Await– You await Task<T> or Results Task<T>

• We all “know” sync methods are “cheap”– Years of optimizations around sync methods– Enables refactoring at will

Mental Model

public static void SimpleBody() { Console.WriteLine("Hello, Async World!");}

.method public hidebysig static void SimpleBody() cil managed{ .maxstack 8 L_0000: ldstr "Hello, Async World!" L_0005: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string) L_000a: ret }

• Not so for asynchronous methodsMental Model, cont.

public static async Task SimpleBody() { Console.WriteLine("Hello, Async World!");}

.method public hidebysig static class [mscorlib]System.Threading.Tasks.Task SimpleBody() cil managed{ .custom instance void [mscorlib]System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute::.ctor() = ( 01 00 00 00 ) // Code size 32 (0x20) .maxstack 2 .locals init ([0] valuetype Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0' V_0) IL_0000: ldloca.s V_0 IL_0002: call valuetype [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder::Create() IL_0007: stfld valuetype [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>t__builder' IL_000c: ldloca.s V_0 IL_000e: call instance void Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::MoveNext() IL_0013: ldloca.s V_0 IL_0015: ldflda valuetype [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>t__builder' IL_001a: call instance class [mscorlib]System.Threading.Tasks.Task [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder::get_Task() IL_001f: ret}

.method public hidebysig instance void MoveNext() cil managed{ // Code size 66 (0x42) .maxstack 2 .locals init ([0] bool '<>t__doFinallyBodies', [1] class [mscorlib]System.Exception '<>t__ex') .try { IL_0000: ldc.i4.1 IL_0001: stloc.0 IL_0002: ldarg.0 IL_0003: ldfld int32 Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>1__state' IL_0008: ldc.i4.m1 IL_0009: bne.un.s IL_000d IL_000b: leave.s IL_0041 IL_000d: ldstr "Hello, Async World!" IL_0012: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string) IL_0017: leave.s IL_002f } catch [mscorlib]System.Exception { IL_0019: stloc.1 IL_001a: ldarg.0 IL_001b: ldc.i4.m1 IL_001c: stfld int32 Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>1__state' IL_0021: ldarg.0 IL_0022: ldflda valuetype [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>t__builder' IL_0027: ldloc.1 IL_0028: call instance void [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder::SetException( class [mscorlib]System.Exception) IL_002d: leave.s IL_0041 } IL_002f: ldarg.0 IL_0030: ldc.i4.m1 IL_0031: stfld int32 Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>1__state' IL_0036: ldarg.0 IL_0037: ldflda valuetype [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder Program/'<SimpleBody>d__0'::'<>t__builder' IL_003c: call instance void [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder::SetResult() IL_0041: ret}

• Managed Profile Guided Optimization (for .net Applications)

• More Information

• patbosc@microsoft.com• Twitter: @patricsmsdn• Blog: http://blogs.msdn.com/patricb

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