wind turbine taskforce: update and lessons learned from zambia test deployment
DESCRIPTION
Wind Turbine Taskforce: Update and Lessons Learned from Zambia Test Deployment. Engineers without Borders Chapter Meeting 21 September 2011 Seattle, WA Henry Louie * , Steve Szablya * , Vincent Van Acker ** *Seattle University, ** Alstom Grid. Chikuni Jesuit Mission. Goal. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Wind Turbine Taskforce: Update and Lessons Learned from Zambia Test Deployment
Engineers without Borders Chapter Meeting21 September 2011
Seattle, WAHenry Louie*, Steve Szablya*, Vincent Van Acker**
*Seattle University, **Alstom Grid
1
Dr. Henry Louie
2
Chikuni Jesuit Mission
Goal
Determine technical and economic feasibility of using wind power for rural electrification of impoverished communities
3
Funding Sources
• SU Global Grant: $9,524• SU Endowed Mission Fund: $6,000• Community Solutions Initiative: $3,000• Professionals without Boundaries: $3,000
Total Funding: $21,524
Dr. Henry Louie
4
Approach• Assemble volunteer team
Industry, academia, students • Start with existing Do-It-Yourself wind turbine
design• Build prototypes in Seattle• Assess feasibility and field test in rural
community• Redesign, refine and retest
5
Case Study: Zambia +12 million people
• 25% have electricity• per capital energy use: 3.3% of USA
+8 million live in rural communities 50% of rural population have electronic devices
• 4% have access to electricity
6
7
Case Study: Zambia
8
Dr. Henry Louie
9
N
N
NN
N
N S
S
S
S
S
S
12
Dr. Henry Louie
13
rotors
stator
hub
Dr. Henry Louie
14
Field Testing
• On-site in Chikuni, Zambia• Work with Jesuit Mission• Bring generator parts• Build tower and wind turbine blades
15
ZAMBIA
Dr. Henry Louie
17
Wind Speed Measurements• Near continuous
readings from 8am to 6pm for 2 days
• Did not record during evening Safety Generally low wind
speed• July/August: highest
wind speeds
18
anemometer
100
inch
es
Dr. Henry Louie
19
X Chikuni
Lusaka
Livingstone
230 miles
Dr. Henry Louie
20
X450 ft
Wind turbine location
Prevailing Wind
21
Wind Speed Measurements
22
0 5 10 15 20 250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
instantaneous wind speed (mph)
occu
rrenc
esInstantaneous Values
Very highwind speeds!
Dr. Henry Louie
23
Dr. Henry Louie
24
100 inches
Dr. Henry Louie
25
Dr. Henry Louie
26
4 foot blades vs. 5 foot blades
Dr. Henry Louie
27
312
pAP C v
5 ft
4 ft
Dr. Henry Louie
28
Dr. Henry Louie
29
Generator
Blades
Hub
Dr. Henry Louie
30
Dr. Henry Louie
31
Generator assembly
Dr. Henry Louie
32
Dr. Henry Louie
33
Dr. Henry Louie
34
cows
Dr. Henry Louie
35
Dr. Henry Louie
36
Furled Position Facing into the Wind
Performance Data
• Idle Speed: 11 mph• Cut-in (battery charging): 15 mph• Max RPM tested: 330 • Maximum instantaneous power output: 75 W• Continuous power output: 5 W• Blades were wrong size for generator
37
The Market for Electricity• Cell Phone Charging:
With charger: 1000 Kwacha (US$ 0.20) With shop charger: 1500 Kwacha (US$ 0.30)
• Car Battery Charging: 2500 Kwacha (US$ 0.50) Charged overnight
• LI cellular phone battery capacity: 5 Wh Cost per Wh: US$ 0.04
38
Back-of-envelope calculation:• Village size: 1000 people• Percent with cellular phones: 15• Charge Frequency: 1/week• Charges per day: 21• Energy required: 105 Wh per day• Wind turbine capacity factor: 15%• Wind turbine size: 30 W• Income: US$4.20/day• Payback time on $500 investment: 120 days
39
700W Wind Turbine Costs• Pipe: $78• Wood: $13• Wire: $0.32/m x 250m = $80 • Magnets*: 24 x $15 = $360 • Resin*: $80 • Hardware*: $130• Rectifier*: $7• Battery: $125• Metal Parts*: $450• Electrical*: $20
40
* Price in the U.S.
Total: US $1343
Cost Considerations
• Does not include tools, labor• Price of rare earth magnets increasing and
volatile• Resins, magnets not easy to find• Too big, expensive• Micro loans generally are $500 or less
41
Lessons Learned• Very location dependent
Best energy source Prices/availability Expertise Economics Tower
• Most components can be found locally, prices are usually more expensive than in U.S.
• Feasibility of blade and tower construction
42
Future Plans• Design 100 W wind turbine• Engineer safe, secure tower solution• Work with local community• Promote as a business opportunity
43
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00Time [ms]
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
Y1
[V]
0.00
25.00
50.00
75.00
100.00
125.00
Mov
ing1
.Pos
ition
[deg
]
Maxwell3DDesign2XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
Curve Info Y Axis
Moving1.Position Moving1.Position
InducedVoltage(A_Phase) Y1
InducedVoltage(B_Phase) Y1
InducedVoltage(C_Phase) Y1
Acknowledgements• Fr. Bert Otten, S.J.• Steve Szablya, PE• Carmen Cejudo• Dino Go• Ayesha Pirbhai• Josh Peavler• Karim Farraj• Byron Lynch
Dr. Henry Louie
44
Questions?45
Learn More
• Become involved! Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
• http://communitysolutionsinitiative.org/
46
S C I E N C E A N DE N G I N E E R I N G
Henry Louie, PhDAssistant Professor
Department of Electrical andComputer Engineering901 12th Avenue, Bannan 219P.O. Box 222000Seattle, WA 98122-1090www.seattleu.edu
Tel: (206) 398-4619Fax: (206) [email protected]
COLLEGE OF
Videos• Raising The Turbine in Chikuni, Zambia(255.5M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qOQk6gl7O8 • Wind Turbine and Electrical Setup in Chikuni, Zambia(27.1M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO38Mo_WJdk • The Wind Turbine Spinning in Chikuni, Zambia(57.87M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQ9U7uz8onk • Electric Braking During High Speed Operation in Chikuni, Zambia(59.45M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faBwLgE4NE0 • Alternate View of the Turbine Configuration from the bottom of Dam in
Chikuni, Zambia(53.72M)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qv4B7zy08w
Dr. Henry Louie
48