wind turbine integration into the grid

Restricted Release / © All Rights Reserved 2009

Wind Turbine Integrationinto the Grid

A Manufacturers Perspective

Date 12062009 EN341 / Siemens Wind PowerAuthor: Michael Nørtoft FrydensbjergRestricted Release / © All Rights Reserved 2009

Michael Nørtoft FrydensbjergGrid Connection Coordinator,M.Sc.E.E.

Business Card

Education

M.Sc., Electrical Engineering,Aalborg University, 1997

B.Sc., Electrical Engineering,The Engineering College of Odense, 1995

Wind Power Experience

Wind Power Business, July 2000

Siemens Wind Power, August 2005


Agenda

§Wind Integration

§ Manufacturers Perspective

§ Siemens Wind Turbine Capabilities

§ HPPP Capabilities


Agenda

§Wind Integration


§Wind Turbine Capabilities

§Wind Farm Capabilities


Agenda

§Wind Integration





Manufacturers Perspective

0.69 /33 kVWTG TrafoConverter

33 kVBusbar

33 kVBusbar 132 kV

Busbar132 kVPCC



33 kVBusbar

33 kVBusbar

HPPP

Park Trafo

Generator

Generator

Generator

33/132 kV

Wind Turbine

Wind Turbine

Wind Turbine

132/400 kV 400/16 kV

Power Station

132/50 kV 50/10 kV 10/0.4 kV

Consumer

Grid Code requirements are related to the PCC


Agenda

§Wind Integration



§ HPPP Farm Capabilities


Wind Turbine Capabilities

§ Operation Range Voltage: 90 % –110 % of nominal voltage (up to 120 % for 1 s) Frequency: 47 Hz –52 Hz

§ Fault Ride Through Low Voltage Ride Through


Low Voltage Ride Through Requirements

0,2

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,00 1,00 3,00 5,00 7,00 9,00 11,00 13,00 15,00 17,00 19,00

Time

Vol

tage

Nationa Grid, UKESB, IRLE.ON, DEnerginet.dkSvenska Kraftnät, SRED Eléctrica, EFERC, USAStatnet, N


0,2

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

0,50 0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50

Time

Volta

ge

Nationa Grid, UKESB, IRLE.ON, DEnerginet.dkSvenska Kraftnät, SRED Eléctrica, EFERC, USAStatnet, N

Low Voltage Ride Through Requirements





§Reactive Power Capability Normal Operation


Reactive Power Capability

Active Power [kW]

1000

2000

30000 500 20001000 1500

0

1000

3000

2000

Rea

ctiv

ePo

wer

[kva

r]

Reactive Power Limits Curves example

0.90 * Un

0.95 * Un

1.00 * Un

1.05 * Un

1.10 * Un





§Reactive Power Capability Normal Operation Fault Ride Through


Fault Ride Through Test Setup

60 kV 10 kV

WT


Fault Ride Through Test Setup


Fault Ride Through Test Site Høvsøre


Test Specification

Validation tests:

§ 0 % Retain Voltage in 140 ms

§ 50 % Retain Voltage in 710 ms


0 % Retain Voltage in 140 msTest_164: 0 % Retain Vol in 140 ms

10 kV Trf. Voltage

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Voltage [pu] U MV RMS PSSE [pu]

U MV RMS DIgSILENT [pu]

Test_164: 0 % Retain Vol in 140 ms0.69 kV WTG Voltage

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Voltage [pu] U LV RMS PSSE [pu]

U LV RMS DIgSILENT [pu]

Transformer10 kV Voltage

Wind Turbine0.69 kV Voltage

Id RMS [pu]Id PSSE [pu]

Id DIgSILENT [pu]



WTG Reactive Current

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Time [s]

Reactive Current [pu] Id PSSE [pu]

Id DIgSILENT [pu]

Test_164: 0 % Retain Vol in 140 msWTG Active Current

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Active Current [pu] Iq PSSE [pu]

Iq DIgSILENT [pu]

Wind turbineReactive Current

Wind TurbineActive Current


Id DIgSILENT [pu]



WTG Reactive Power

0.70.60.50.40.30.20.10.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Reactive Power[WVAr]

Q RMS [MVAr]Q PSSE [MVAr]

Q DIgSILENT [MVAr]

Test_164: 0 % Retain Vol in 140 msWTG Active Power

0.00.30.50.81.01.31.51.82.02.32.52.83.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Active Power [WM] P PSSE [MW]P DIgSILENT [MW]

Wind TurbineReactive Power

Wind TurbineActive Power


Id DIgSILENT [pu]



10 kV Trf. Voltage

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Voltage [pu] U MV RMS PSSE [pu]

U MV RMS DIgSIELNT [pu]

Test_224: 50 % Retain Vol in 710 ms0.69 kV WTG Voltage

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Voltage [pu] U LV RMS PSSE [pu]

U LV RMS DIgSIELNT [pu]

Transformer10 kV Voltage

Wind Turbine0.69 kV Voltage


Id DIgSILENT [pu]



WTG Reactive Current

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11Time [s]

Reactive Current [pu] Id PSSE [pu]

Id DIgSILENT [pu]

Test_224: 50 % Retain Vol in 710 msWTG Active Current

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Active Current [pu] Iq PSSE [pu]

Iq DIgSILENT [pu]

Wind turbineReactive Current

Wind TurbineActive Current


Id DIgSILENT [pu]



WTG Reactive Power

0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Reactive Power[WVAr]

Q RMS [MVAr]Q PSSE [MVAr]

Q DIgSILENT [MVAr]

Test_224: 50 % Retain Vol in 710 msWTG Active Power

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Time [s]

Active Power [WM] P PSSE [MW]

P DIgSILENT [MW]

Wind TurbineReactive Power

Wind TurbineActive Power


Id DIgSILENT [pu]


Agenda

§Wind Integration





HPPP Capabilities

§ Active Power Control MW Control


Active Power Control MW Control

User Interface


HPPP Capabilities

§ Active Power Control MW Control Frequency Control


Active Power Control Frequency Control

User Interface

Only one set of parameters are active, depending on the selected mode.


Active Power Control Frequency Control

Burbo Banks Wind FarmFrequency Injection NGP4 LFSM

55000

57500

60000

62500

65000

67500

70000

72500

75000

77500

80000

19:36:00 19:36:30 19:37:00 19:37:30 19:38:00 19:38:30 19:39:00

time

MW

49,90

50,00

50,10

50,20

50,30

50,40

50,50

50,60

50,70

50,80

50,90

Hz

kW tot Freq Inj. Freq


HPPP Capabilities


§ Reactive Power Control Mvar Control


Reactive Power Control Mvar Control

User Interface


HPPP Capabilities


§ Reactive Power Control Mvar Control Power Factor Control Voltage Control


Reactive Power Control Voltage Control

User Interface


Reactive Power Control Voltage Control

Burbo Banks Voltage Ref. Test

0,99

1

1,01

1,02

1,03

1,04

1,05

1,06

10:50:00,000

10:50:01,000

10:50:01,999

10:50:02,999

10:50:03,999

10:50:04,998

10:50:05,998

10:50:06,998

10:50:07,997

10:50:08,997

10:50:09,996

Time (hh:mm:ss)

Volta

ge

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Rea

ctiv

e Po

wer

Voltage VoltageReference ReactivePow er


Conclusion

wind turbine integration into the grid

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