wind and water power program

1 | Wind and Water Power Program eere.energy.gov

WIND AND WATER POWER PROGRAM

Offshore Renewable Energy Resource Assessment and Design Conditions - Overview of Federal Strategy and Progress

Stan CalvertResource Characterization LeadWind and Water Power ProgramU.S. Department of [email protected] 15, 2011

mailto:[email protected]


FY12 Budget $26.7M $27.2M $22.4M $3.7M Total% of Program

Portfolio 33.4% 34.1% 27.9% 4.6% $80.0

VI. Deployment (Supply Chain, Permitting, LCOE Analysis) $3.6M

SBIR $1.3M

Wind Program FY12 RDD&D Breakdown

EERE Reserve $1.5M

I. Wind Turbine Capital Cost and Performance (TCC/AEP) $18.3M

II. Wind Plant Cost and Performance (BOS/AEP) $8.5M

III. Wind Plant Reliability ((O&M+LRC)/AEP) $9.8M

IV. Deployment Barriers affecting Cost (access to m/s) $14.5M

V. System Validation (Demonstrations) $22.5M


FY12 Budget $5.1 M $15.3 M $7.1 M $6.5 M Total% of Program

Portfolio 15% 45% 21% 19% $34M

1.0 Marine & Hydrokinetic (MHK) Technology Development

Water Power Program FY12 RDD&D Breakdown

1.0 $16.1 M

2.0 MHK Market Acceleration $2.5 M

$10.8 M

4.0 CH Market Acceleration $1.9 M

$2.7 M

2.0 MHK Market Acceleration

3.0 Conventional Hydropower (CH) Technology Development & Deployment

5.0 HQ & Programmatic Support (includes SBIR/STTR)


• Resource and design info needs are wide ranging and include weather, wind, waves, currents and geophysical

• Implications for structural design, project layout, performance, project access & availability, etc.

• Measurements & modeling are both needed

• Extremes and fatigue are both important

• Extreme load analysis must consider operating characteristics of turbine, not just joint probability distributions of external events (i.e., wind & waves)

Overview

Source: NREL


Department of Energy (DOE) - EERE

Department of Interior (DOE) – BOEM/BSEE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration (NOAA)

Interagency Partnerships

MOU: Coordinated Deployment of Offshore Wind and Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies on the

U.S. OCS

Interagency Working Group on Resource Assessment and Design Conditions (RADC)

DOE, BOEM, NOAA, Navy, DoD, ACE, NASA, NSF, OSTP

Input for Planning DocumentsGaps Analysis and Roadmap

MOU: Weather-Dependent and Oceanic Renewable

Energy Resource Characterization

DOE-NOAA Action Plan:Wind (land-based & offshore), Water (MHK primarily), Solar

Wind Forecasting Improvement Project

(WFIP)How observations can

improve short-term forecasting (land-based)


• Design Standards– IEC 61400-3 Part 3 (Offshore Wind

turbines)

• RADC Workshop, Washington D.C. June 2011

• Experts input from industry, national labs and other agencies

• Gaps Analysis near complete

• Next: Develop roadmap to address gaps

Key Input for Public/Private Data Campaign

Gaps Analysis

Information-gathering meeting

Expert Contributions

Existing Design

Standards

Roadmap/Public

Planning


• Wind Energy– Long-term frequency distributions near

surface– Long-term observations at hub height– In-situ measurements at hub height– Vertical wind profiles– Downstream wind speeds at hub heights (i.e.

wake effects)– Turbulence intensity at hub height

• Marine Hydrokinetic (MHK) Energy– Current velocity distributions– Wave climatologies– Long-term subsurface turbulence

observations– Long-term current shear observations

• Across both technologies– Wind/Wave coupling

• Wind speed/wave height distributions• Wind direction/wave height distributions

– Extreme events• Ice, lightning, hurricanes, earthquakes

Gaps Analysis: Summary of Gaps

Mea

sure

men

t

Modeling

Historical Referencing

Resource Assessment

Resource Assessment

http://cleantechnica-com.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com

/files/2008/04/towerjpg1.jpeg


• Current ocean observation systems focus on a few meters above the sea surface to the ocean floor – Very few measurements currently taken at heights needed for wind

technology

• Technology improvements for ocean observation systems– What technologies can we began designing/employing now to gather

data that will be needed in the future?

• Frequency distributions needed require long-term observations– Methods needed for confident extrapolation of available data sources to

address needs in nearer term– Define longer-term data and observations needed

• Spatial distribution of observations– How should we deploy ocean observation systems spatially to gather

information across a broader region?

Ocean Observation Challenges


Awardee Project Title Topic

AWS Truepower, LLC

National Offshore Wind Energy Resource and Design Data Campaign – Analysis and Collaboration

Wind resource assessment data inventory/clearing house

UCAR Impacts of Stratification and Non-Equilibrium Winds and Waves on Hub-Height Winds

Hub height extrapolation of wind speeds

UCAR Investigating Marine Boundary Layer Parameterizations by Combining Observations with Models via State Estimation

Marine boundary layer modeling

SUNY Wind Modeling Project – Offshore Boundary Layer Characterization


Indiana University

An integrated approach to offshore wind energy assessment: Great Lakes 3D Wind Experiment


Stevens Institute

Field Evaluation and Validation of Remote Wind Sensing Technologies: Shore-based and buoy-mounted Lidar systems

Advancing remote wind sensing technologies

Projects

Recently Funded DOE Offshore Wind Resource Assessment Projects

Source: http://www.morpheus.umd.edu/research/systems/skywalker.html


Awardee Project Title Topic

NREL Coupled Wind/Wave Simulation Models to Characterize Hurricane Load Cases

Hurricanes/extreme events

SRNL Advanced Technology for Improving the Design Basis of Offshore Wind Energy Systems

Breaking waves

University of Michigan

Measurement and Analysis of Extreme Wave and Ice Actions in the GreatLakes for Offshore Wind Platform Design

Ice climatology and loading

University of Michigan

Bottom Fixed Platform Dynamics Models Assessing Surface Ice Interactions for Transitional Depth Structures in the Great Lakes

Ice load structural modeling

NREL Simulator for Offshore Wind Plant Applications (SOWPA)

Wake effects

University of Minnesota

High-resolution computational algorithms for simulating offshore wind turbines andfarms: Model development and validation

Wake effects

Penn State University

A HPC “Cyber Wind Facility” Incorporating Fully-Coupled CFD/CSD for Turbine-Platform-Wake Interactions with the Atmosphere and Ocean

Wake effects

Projects

Recently Funded DOE Offshore Wind Design Conditions Projects

Source: http://www.marin.nl/web/Events/Events-2010/Presentations-Offshore-Wind-Seminar-2010.htm


Awardee Project Title Topic/Link

EPRI(Complete)

Mapping and Assessment of the United States Wave Energy Resource Wave Energy Assessment - http://maps.nrel.gov/mhk_atlas*

Georgia Tech(Complete)

Assessment of Energy Production Potential from Tidal Streams in the US Tidal stream energy assessment - http://www.tidalstreampower.gatech.edu/

Lockheed Martin(Q2 FY12)

Ocean Thermal Extractable Energy Visualization Ocean thermal assessment

Georgia Tech(Q1 FY13)

Energy Production Potential from Ocean Currents along the United States Coastline

Ocean current energy assessment

Projects

Marine Resource Assessment Projects

* Preliminary, subject to change

http://maps.nrel.gov/mhk_atlas

http://www.tidalstreampower.gatech.edu/


Projects

Awardee/Funding Agency Project Title Topic

Virginia Tech/DOI-BSEE Development of an Integrated Extreme Wind, Wave, Current, and Water Level Climatology to Support Standards-Based Design of Offshore Wind Projects

Hurricane modeling data for wind speed applications

University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth/DOI-BOEM

Roadmap: Technologies for Cost Effective, Spatial Resource Assessments for Offshore Renewable Energy

Evaluation of techniques for remote sensing technologies offshore

American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)/DOI-BSEE (Complete)

Design Standards for Offshore Wind Farms Breaking waves

University of Delaware/DOI-BOEM

Prediction of Wind Energy Resources on the Outer Continental Shelf with Weather Models

Long-term resource assessment on OCS

Grand Valley State University/DOE

LIDAR Wind Measurement Validation Study Great Lakes buoy-mounted Lidar field campaign

WindLogics LLC & AWS Truepower/DOE & NOAA

Wind Forecasting Improvement Project (WFIP) Short-term wind forecasting improvements (land-based wind)

Other Related Projects


• RFORE Concept– Retrofit existing offshore platform

with met tower– Acquire in-situ measurements at

hub height (75m+)– Validate remote sensing

technologies (SODAR/LIDAR) in offshore environment

• Studies– VOWDA Report, Dec 2011,

Updated: Oct. 2011– Met Tower Structural Feasibility,

Aug 2011

• Current Efforts– Flow distortion study– Proposing MOA between DOE,

Commonwealth of VA and USCG

Reference Facility for Offshore Renewable Energy (RFORE)

http://www.dmme.virginia.gov/DE/VOWDA/MetTowerUpdateReport.pdf


Questions?


Back-up Slides

Back-up Slides


• Wave: EPRI, end of FY 2008• Tidal: Georgia Tech, end of FY 2008• Ocean Current: Georgia Tech, end of

FY 2009• Ocean Thermal: Lockheed Martin, end

of FY 2009

• Determine maximum extractable energy (theoretical limit)• Calculate technically extractable energy• Characterize seasonal variability of resources• Display results in GIS formatted database

Goals for Resource Assessments

Marine Resource Assessment Awards:

Resource Assessments Underway


Wave Resource Assessment

Wave Energy is the dominant MHK resource available to the United States≈ 900+ GW (≈ 9+ Quads or 2,640 TWh/year) Physical Potential

≈ 400 GW (≈ 4 Quads or 1,170 TWh/year) Extractable


Tidal Resource Assessment

CONUS tidal resources are concentrated and

exist in close proximity to major coastal load

centers…

However, over 90% of the overall resource is

located in Alaska.

Tidal power can likely provide less than 1

Quad (≈ 293 TWh/year) of energy annually

wind and water power program

Documents

wind industry

water power program

water power programeere

wind plant cost

water power programu

wind waves overviewsource

wind turbine capital

offshore industry