why is this statement false: the caveman had dinosaur for breakfast.? why is this statement false:...
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Why is this statement false: “The caveman had dinosaur for breakfast.”?
Why is this statement false: “The caveman had dinosaur for breakfast.”?
man and dinosaursnever lived at the same time
man and dinosaursnever lived at the same time
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Laws of geologic historyLaws of geologic history
Superposition—Oldest rocks on the bottom of an undisturbed sequence of rockLaw of original horizontality—All rocks are initially deposited in flat (horizontal) rowsCross-cutting relationships—Objects which cross-cut rocks are younger than the rocks themselves (ex: fault or intrusion)
Superposition—Oldest rocks on the bottom of an undisturbed sequence of rockLaw of original horizontality—All rocks are initially deposited in flat (horizontal) rowsCross-cutting relationships—Objects which cross-cut rocks are younger than the rocks themselves (ex: fault or intrusion)
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Using superposition, label the strata below
from oldest to youngest.
Using superposition, label the strata below
from oldest to youngest.
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All rock layers are originally deposited in flat (horizontal) layers
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Faults are always (older, younger)
than the rocks they cut through.
Faults are always (older, younger)
than the rocks they cut through.
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Which is older:
F or S
How do you know?
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These laws are based on the assumption that the forces at work today are the same
forces at work in history = uniformitarianism.uniformitarianism.
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If a geologist finds an igneous sill, how can she
determine if the sill is an intrusion or an extrusion?
If a geologist finds an igneous sill, how can she
determine if the sill is an intrusion or an extrusion?
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Is “H” an intrusion or extrusion?
How can you tell?
Is “H” an intrusion or extrusion?
How can you tell?
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H is an intrusion.Contact
metamorphism on top
H is an intrusion.Contact
metamorphism on top
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What is an unconformity? How does it complicate the relative dating of rock layers?
What is an unconformity? How does it complicate the relative dating of rock layers?
a buried erosional surface a buried erosional surface
a part of the rock record
is missing
a part of the rock record
is missing
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Using the diagram to the left, identify where the unconformity is located by drawing an arrow and writing the word “unconformity” next to it.
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What are
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What characteristics must fossils have in order to be
good index fossils?
What characteristics must fossils have in order to be
good index fossils?
lived over a large geographic area (large horizontal distribution)
lived for a short period of time (small vertical distribution)
lived over a large geographic area (large horizontal distribution)
lived for a short period of time (small vertical distribution)
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In the diagram below, a geologist has matched up
rock layers based on index fossils. In the diagram below, a geologist has matched up
rock layers based on index fossils. In geology, this is referred
to as CORRELATION In geology, this is referred
to as CORRELATION
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Why are radioactive isotopes useful in determining the absolute age of a rock?
their half-lives are constanttheir half-lives are constant
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What can be done to change the half-life of a radioactive isotope?
Why is this important?
NOTHING!it is reliable to calculate age
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What radioactive isotope could be used to determine the absolute
age of material that was recently living?
carbon-14
What radioactive isotope could be used to determine the absolute
age of material that was recently living?
carbon-14
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What is the half life of uranium-238?
4.5 x 109
4,500,000,000
4.5 billion years
choice (c)
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If there is a 100g sample of C14, how many grams of C14 would remain after three half-lives?
How long would this take? Show all work.
100g 50g 25g 12.5g
3 half-lives x (5.7 x 103) =1.71 x 104 = 17,100 years