Why Inclusion

• Universal right to Education, human right

• Dakar goals EFA• Poverty reduction• Marginalisation a

threat to society• Current strategies

insufficient

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

What is Inclusion?

• A process of addressing and responding to the diversity of needs of all learners

• Through increasing participation in learning, cultures and communities

• Requires a transformation in how to think about education and its role in society

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

The Scene of Exclusion

Poverty, ethnicity, religion, disability, gender, minorities

• Identify barriers

System of provision Socio-economic factors Attitudes Curriculum Environment Language and communication Organisation and governance Inadequate and fragmented

human resource development

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

OBSTACLES TO INCLUSION

• Attitudes• Lack of knowledge• Segregation• Wrong expectations• Wrong ways of

working• Lack of clear policy

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

AN INCLUSIVE SCHOOL IS FOR EVERYBODY

• Working for full participation, community and equality through:

– flexibility– variations in methods– needs orientation– focus on strong ”sides”– respect for differences

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

Inclusive Classrooms/Class room management

• Team teaching• Peer-teaching• Positive groupings• Problem oriented

teaching• Open and flexible

curricula• Individual Educational

Planning• Support when needed

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

“All children and young people of the world, with their individual strengths

and weaknesses, with their hopes and expectations, have the right to

education. It is not our education system that have a right to a certain

type of children.Therefore, it is the school system of a country that must be adjusted to meet

the needs of all its children” (B. Lindqvist UN rapporteur on UN

Standard rules)

Education for AllThe Six Dakar Goals

• -expanding and improving comprehensive early childhood care and education

• -ensuring that by 2015 all children have access to compulsory education

• -equitable access to appropriate learning for all young and adults

• -achieving a 50% improvement in levels of adult literacy by 2015

• -eliminating gender disparities by 2005 and achieving gender equality by 2015

• -improving the quality of education especially in literacy, numeracy and essential life skills

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

To meet the EFA targets, $8 billion (US) is needed

• $8 billion is:– four days´ worth of global

military spending– half of what is spent on

toys in the USA every year– less than Europeans spend

on computer games or mineral water

– less than 0,1 % of gross national product

• The total amount spent internationally to deal with the millennium bug scare was roughly twice the debt owed by the world´s poorest countries

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

”With a little help from my friends …”

• Life Quality– Community– Equality– Participation– Security– Confidence– Happiness

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh

ED/BAS/EIE:

Kenneth Eklindh