who-itu consultation on make listening safe: meeting report · who-itu consultation on make...

WHO-ITU consultation on the Make

Listening Safe initiative

MEETING REPORT

WHO Department for Management of NCDs, Disability, Violence and Injury Prevention

ITU Telecommunication Standardization Bureau

13-14 February 2019

WHO headquarters,

Geneva, Switzerland

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A WHO-ITU consultation on the Make Listening Safe Initiative was held in Geneva, Switzerland

on 13-14 February 2019, with the objectives to: launch the WHO-ITU Global standard for safe

listening devices, initiate the development of a regulatory framework for recreational sound to

be controlled in entertainment venues, outline approaches for raising awareness on safe

listening amongst different target groups, and finalize the research protocol for determining

the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in recreational settings.

Meeting participants included representatives from all relevant stakeholders in this field,

including experts in audiology, public health, acoustics, sound engineering and communication;

member organizations of ITU; government representatives; musicians; representatives of

standardization organizations; professional associations and consumer groups.

The key outcomes and next steps with respect to different areas are:

WHO-ITU Global Standard for safe listening devices was finalized and officially launched in

February 2019 together with a toolkit for its implementation. Further editorial revision and

translation in other languages are planned for the upcoming months. Next steps include

efforts to promote its implementation and integration by Member States and industry

partners.

Targeted communication strategies for four different stakeholder groups – media,

governments, music industry and manufacturers were discussed with the objective to raise

awareness on the importance of safe listening and to disseminate and adopt the WHO-ITU

Standard on safe listening devices. Future work with stakeholders will be designed around

the recommendations provided by the participants during the meeting.

Discussion on a global standard for recreational sound in entertainment venues was

initiated. Participants identified different components (e.g. type of venues, sound limits,

quiet spaces, hearing protection, warning messages and monitoring) as important for the

framework. Further steps by WHO include identification of information needs, collection of

existing evidence and collaboration with experts towards development of guidelines for

sound exposure in recreational venues.

A draft of a research protocol for determining the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in

recreational settings was completed. Future steps include finalizing, field testing and

publishing the protocol that aims to serve any interested researchers in implementing the

proposed methodology in upcoming studies.

WHO-ITU consultation on Make Listening Safe: meeting report 2019

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INTRODUCTION

In response to the growing risk of hearing loss by exposure to loud sounds in recreational

settings, WHO launched the Make Listening Safe initiative in 2015. The initiative aims to reduce

the risk hearing loss posed by unsafe listening behaviour. It is estimated that over a billion

young people worldwide are at risk of hearing loss due to unsafe listening practices. In order to

facilitate safe listening, WHO has identified the following three strategies:

Development and implementation of global standards for safe listening devices.

Undertaking a public health campaign for listening behaviour change.

Develop a regulatory framework for control of recreational

In order to further these actions, WHO and ITU have adopted a consultative approach. Since

2015, WHO has been regularly organizing consultations with participation of various

stakeholders in this field.

The consultation with experts and other stakeholders that was held 13-14 of February 2019

aimed to:

1. Share the progress made in different areas of work.

2. Launch the WHO-ITU global standard for safe listening devices and its implementation

toolkit.

3. Initiate the development of a regulatory framework for control of recreational sound

exposure in entertainment venues.

4. Outline approaches for raising awareness among different target audiences.

5. Finalize the research protocol for determining the incidence of noise-induced hearing

loss in recreational settings.

Meeting participants included representatives from all relevant stakeholders in this field,

including experts in audiology, public health, acoustics, sound engineering and communication;

member organizations of ITU; government representatives; musicians; representatives of

standardization organizations; professional associations and consumer groups. A detailed list is

available in Annex 1.


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SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS

Opening Session

The meeting was opened by Dr Etienne Krug, Director of Department for Management of

Noncommunicable Diseases, Disability, Violence and Injury Prevention, WHO. Dr Krug

introduced the Make Listening Safe initiative with a specific focus on the development of the

WHO-ITU standard for safe listening devices and the next phase in terms of implementing the

standard into listening devices. He emphasized the enormous progress that has been made,

and the improved visibility of the programme, due to the significant increase in terms of

publicity and awareness for hearing loss as a topic since 2015. Lastly, he welcomed all the

attendees, thanking them for participating in the meeting.

Alarcos Cieza, Coordinator of the Prevention of Blindness and Deafness, Disability and

Rehabilitation Unit, WHO provided an outline of the meeting, presenting its five objectives:

update, create, initiate, celebrate and terminate.

Updates

Shelly Chadha, WHO provided an overview of the Make Listening Safe initiative, emphasizing

the past actions that have taken place and the future goals of the program. Dr Chadha briefly

presented the WHO-ITU Standard for safe listening devices as a major milestone of the program

and detailed the communication strategies that WHO is currently delivering to raise awareness

for listeners and policy makers. The future steps that Dr Chadha highlighted as important for

achieving safe listening among people of all ages include dissemination and adoption of the

standard, targeted communication for users and investors, and a framework of regulations to

target sound exposure in entertainment venues.

Alarcos Cieza, WHO introduced the group work that was planned for the next session.

Participants were divided in four groups discussing how music industry, manufacturers,

governments and media can be motivated to raise awareness on the importance of safe

listening and to disseminate and adopt the WHO-ITU Standard on safe listening devices. An

expert in each area then briefly explained the role of the four target groups and the importance

of targeted communication.

Michael Santucci, Sensaphonics briefly introduced the task to the participants in the music

industry group and emphasized the two main questions that need to be addressed - who in the

music industry should be targeted and how.


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Elena Altieri, WHO introduced the objectives of the session to participants in the media group

by giving examples from the previous communication work done in road safety and outlining

how the media is currently representing hearing loss and what needs to be improved.

Kuba Mazur, Apple introduced the task to participants in the manufacturers group. He

emphasized the importance of identifying possible ways of reaching out to manufacturers with

the aim of disseminating and adopting the WHO-ITU Standard for safe listening devices.

Finally, Surabhi Joshi, WHO introduced examples of the work WHO has undertaken to bring on

board governments through technology-based platforms having the potential for mass

outreach. Ms Joshi highlighted the need to identify the relevant components of an mHealth tool

that should be developed and implemented in countries.

Targeted communication campaign group work

After an hour and a half of group discussions, participants reconvened and presented each

groups’ ideas:

Manufacturers – Participants in the group of manufacturers firstly identified a list of different

sectors to be targeted:

Personal music player manufacturers

Headphone manufacturers

Portable gaming and virtual reality system manufacturers

Streaming service providers

Transportation entertainment media systems manufacturers

The group then outlined targeted strategies to approach different professionals within the

sector. Executives can be approached with a simple one-page summary of the standard

that explains why and how it affects their business. Compliance engineers need to be given

the actual standard as a document; implementation engineers need to see a demo of the

application and a source code; and the end-users need demos of user-experience. The

industry group felt that promotion at trade shows would not an effective use of resources

and identified seminars with man-for-man marking as the best means for targeting

manufacturers. Several reasons why manufacturers should adopt the standard were

highlighted – financial incentives, global marketization, and the innovative nature of the

product.

Music Industry Group – The group answered four questions:

Could it work to create a pledge for the different groups involved?

The group thought that a pledge promoting sound quality without being loud is an effective

way of promoting the message on safe listening.


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Which groups are targeted?

Two groups were identified:

i) those who make music and control the sound such as:

o musicians,

o conductors,

o sound engineers,

o music producers,

o schools of music, and

ii) those who are not in control of the music but are still exposed to loud sounds such as:

o tech crew,

o venue owners,

o event production crew,

o manufacturers

o regulatory authorities.

What actions should be included in the pledge for each group?

The group identified education and creating a competency level among people as the

most essential action that can be taken. Education should include teaching people that

hearing is important and sound quality is different from playing loud sounds.

How can this pledge reach the target groups?

The group thought that committee awards given for best concerts or best venues can

serve as an example that other venues or professionals would follow. Education is also a

very important way to reach target groups: people need to be educated in the

importance of safe listening, musician riders – in following maximum sound levels in the

audience, musicians who are aware of the problem can educate other musicians; and

technical crews can learn from the unions they are part of or during industry workshops.

Government Group – The group’s task was to define what a mHealth tool for safe listening

that can be used by governments should look like.

Application categories: As a starting point, the group identified eight application

categories within the mHealth field that can be applied for safe listening: education and

awareness, helpline, diagnostic and treatment support, point of care diagnostics,

communication and training for healthcare workers, disease tracking, remote

monitoring and remote data collection.

Target group: End-users of devices are the main target group that need to be

approached through a mHealth campaign. WHO and ITU should collaborate with

governments, governmental health agencies, professional societies, academia and

manufacturers through the mHealth tool to influence the end-users, with specific focus

on two target groups - pre/early personal audio system users (between 5-11 years of

age) and current personal audio system users (teenagers and adults).


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Content: The campaign should include positive messages (benefits of behaviour change,

self-efficacy) combined with negative messages mentioning the consequential severity

of not changing current unhealthy behaviour. The multimedia tool should include text

messages for raising awareness, interactivity in social media, validated hearing test

apps, hearing loss and tinnitus simulation, amongst other elements. Importantly, the

campaign should transmit that hearing is valuable and everyone should enjoy it.

Media Group - The Media group discussed two main issues – the type of media that should be

targeted and the content of a media kit.

Type of media: Participants identified traditional media (newspapers, television, radio,

magazines), bloggers, and social media (Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram) as

main target groups.

Content: A media kit should include evidence-based information on the negative

consequences and economic impact of unsafe listening. Clear messages based on

numbers as well as concrete recommendations can strengthen the campaign.

According to the group, the media kit should include evidence from research studies in

the form of simple tag lines. Furthermore, a webpage with multimedia releases as well

as personal stories of celebrity musicians can be a successful method shared in social

media. An important point that was raised was around the use of safe listening or

tinnitus as terms along with hearing loss, because musicians might feel uncomfortable

to talk about hearing loss.

Advocacy initiative for hearing: making a statement

Shelly Chadha, WHO gave a task to participants to create a slogan to attract people to become

part of the make listening safe movement. The slogan was to be aimed at the general public, or

at musicians who could then target the general public. After some time of brainstorming given

to participants, a voting took place and the tagline Love my music, respect my ears received the

preference of the participants. WHO will now work with an agency to further develop the

tagline.

Safe listening in entertainment venues

Elizabeth Beach, National Acoustic Laboratories presented the results of a systematic review

that was carried out to analyse legislations, regulations and policies already being implemented

in entertainment venues around the world. The results showed that 15 countries/regions

around the world have some sort of sound regulations, with Europe being the most regulated.


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Some countries such as Switzerland or France have legislations developed and monitored by

the government, whereas regulations in countries such as the Netherlands are a product of the

music industry. Regulations normally include an upper limit of sound exposure: in most

countries 100 dB LAQ. A peak limit that should not be exceeded and varies between 125 dB and

140 dB in different regulations is also a common feature. Some of the other common

components across regulations include:

provision of hearing protection

display level to operator or audience

recordings of sound level data

provision or warnings at the venue

access to rest areas

restriction of access to speakers for the audience.

The evidence on the impact of regulations on levels of compliance or reduction in levels of

hearing loss is scarce.

Kaloyan Kamenov, WHO provided an overview of the regulations in Switzerland and France,

which are most developed (detailed?) than in most countries and represent a good case study.

The regulations in Switzerland were a pioneer and apply to all recreational venues in which the

audience is exposed to amplified sounds; this includes clubs, concert halls, bars, restaurants,

festivals, or fitness classes. The maximum average hourly sound level allowed in venues is 100

dB with a maximum limit for momentary sound level of 125 dB. Other measures listed in the

regulation include provision of free earplugs, display of posters with warning information,

measure and recording of the sound during the event, notification of the authorities before the

event, and provision of respite areas.

The legislation in France is still under development as the implementation guide is not officially

published yet. The main differences with the legislation in Switzerland are the maximum sound

level: 102 dB LAeq,15min in France, and the maximum C-weighted level of 118 dB LCeq,15min

that is also included.

Shelly Chadha, WHO listed some important points that need to be considered when developing

sound regulations for entertainment venues. These included:

1. Venues: Which venues should be included in the regulation?

2. Sound management: How is the sound distributed within the venues and how are the

sound sources placed?

3. Sound levels: What should be the maximum an average sound levels allowed? Should it

be measured in dB (C) or dB (A)? How is the sound level going to be recorded?

4. Structure: What should be the structure of the venues in terms of surface and sound

absorption?

5. Quiet zones: Should a regulation include provision of quiet zones?


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6. Hearing protection: Should hearing protection be provided at events?

7. Information: What kind and through what channels should information be provided to

the audience?

Framework for Regulations on Recreational Event Venues Group Work

Following the introduction given by Dr Chadha, participants were separated in three working

groups and each group had to answer the following questions:

1. Which of the following venues should be grouped together for developing regulations

(nightclubs, concerts, fitness classes, bars, indoor stadiums and outdoor stadiums)?

2. What are the points to focus on in developing the regulations, under built environment,

sound distribution and management, sound levels, information, or any other?

Group 1’s findings

Question 1

Participants grouped venues according to priority in terms of highest risk for hearing loss.

The group with higher priority included venues such as bars, discotheques, nightclubs,

concerts or indoor and outdoor stadiums. In those, measurement methodology will depend

on the type of venue but should always be done by a professional. The second group with

lower priority included sports events and fitness classes mainly because of the number of

people attending and the nature of the produced sound that often comes from the public

itself.

Question 2:

o Built environment: The group sees provision of advice and recommendations for

improvement of the acoustics in the venues as the most important point to be raised.

o Sound distribution and management should be taken into account when conducting

measurements and when the placement of the speakers is considered.

o Information: Warning signs in the form of posters or on tickets should be included.

o Measurement of sound is an essential point for the regulation.

o Other points: Hearing protection should be provided free of cost or at a reasonable cost

and should be of a reasonable quality. Quiet rooms should be provided in bigger venues.

Collaboration with authorities is fundamental.


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Group 2’s Findings

Question 1:

Group 2 thought that it would be good to combine outdoor and indoor stadiums because

the noise in these venues is normally formed by the audience. On the other hand, venues

such as nightclubs, bars and even some restaurants benefit from loud exposure of sound

and can be grouped together. Fitness classes are a separate entity.

Question 2:

o Built environment: Personal audio systems should be set in a way that ensures safe

exposure of the audience. Building acoustics should be designed to achieve good quality

of sound.

o Sound distribution and management: This point is complicated as it may involve

expenses that venue owners would not be able to cover.

o Sound levels: If there is a sound limit it should apply to all venues.

o Information: It is essential that the public is informed about the risks of hearing loss and

the existing regulations.

o Any other: Hearing protections should be provided free of charge. Quiet zones should be

provided with clear and accessible information how people can reach them and what

their role is.

Group 3’s Findings

Question1:

Group 3 thought that regulations should be common for all venues, as long as safe

exposure for attendees is guaranteed.

Question 2:

Group 3 felt that there is lack of evidence on sound limits to take an informed decision on a

limit that should be applied. Until more evidence is gathered, Group 3 sees the existing

recommendations on sound limits as a starting point. In addition, the total exposure time

or a time-weighted average could be beneficial rather than setting a time limit since

concert goers will attend events for different lengths of time. Group 3 agreed that sound

level management should be enforced and maintained by the venue as all venues are very

different from one another and strategies would vary from location to location.

Additionally, group 3 agreed that provision of good quality hearing protection is essential

when people are exposed to hazardous sound levels.


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Launching of the WHO-ITU Global Standard for safe listening devices.

The official launch of the Standard took place at the WHO HQ building and was celebrated with

a concert by Ricky Kej and his band.

Global Standard and toolkit for safe listening devices (H.870)

Simao Campos, ITU introduced the WHO-ITU Global Standard for safe listening devices. He

outlined the steps taken before the launch and said that the standard is currently being

translated into six languages. Mr Campos spoke briefly about the two versions of the document

being published – the WHO and ITU versions and explained that there are no technical


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differences between the two. He went into detail on the content within the publication and

outlined the next goals in terms of implementing the standard and toolkit, as well as the

importance of advocacy work and awareness raising.

Roxana Widmer-Iliescu, ITU introduced the toolkit developed together with the WHO-ITU

standard. She structured her presentation around three key questions: why, how and what.

Why? The reason for developing the standard was the goal of WHO to improve people’s

lives, in this case – to prevent people from developing hearing loss.

How? Ms Widmer-Iliescu explained that the toolkit for safe listening devices and systems

provides the necessary means to facilitate the implementation of the standard in countries

through collaboration with governments, industry partners, civil society, academics, etc.

The toolkit contains a rational for action and includes practical steps that can be

undertaken for the implementation of the standard. The toolkit also includes lists of

relevant partners that can be approached and offers practical tools for different situations.

What? Ms Widmer-Iliescu explained the role of different stakeholders in the

implementation of the standard:

o Governments can include in their political agenda adoption and implementation of the

standard through legislation, regulation, policies and development of public awareness

campaigns.

o Industry can voluntarily adopt the standard and create a market for safe and healthy

hearing devices and systems.

o Civil society can do advocacy work to ensure that governments develop regulations and

sensitize people regarding hearing loss prevention and safe listening.

Prof Masahito Kawamori, Keio University outlined the foreseen next steps for the WHO-ITU

Global Standard:

o Textual/editorial revisions are expected in the upcoming months

o Official translations of the standard are expected to be published

o A review on certain topics such as volume limit, gaming devices, virtual reality,

sensitivity range and frequency response of headphones, device profiles and

inoperability between devices and headphones, uncertainties in dose estimation, and

implementation issues will be done for a future revision of the standard.

o A checklist for implementation entitled Testing of personal audio systems for

compliance with ITU-T H.870 is being developed.

o Several work items will be included to facilitate the implementation of the standard,

such as implementers’ guidelines, guideline for compliance for engineers and safety

engineers, testing specification and a short brochure.

o Promotion of the standard will be done through workshops, seminars, plug fests or an

ITU conformance and interoperability event.


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CONCLUSION AND NEXT STEPS

Targeted Communication Campaign

Manufacturers: Sectors that need to be targeted were identified and different communication

materials will be developed (e.g. five-minute pitch document). However, it is still not clear how

industry should be successfully approached. Participants in the meeting are encouraged to send

their suggestions for approaching industry members.

Music industry: It was agreed that a pledge by members of the music industry would be a

suitable way to promote safe listening. The message and main groups to target within the

music industry were discussed. Participants in the meeting are requested to send the contacts

of specific people within the music industry that need to be approached in order to move the

agenda forward.

Governments: The main areas of mHealth, the population ranges to target and what sort of e-

health messages would be most effective to each age group were established. Future steps

include collaboration between WHO departments on the development of the mHealth tool.

Media: Different content for a media kit and target groups within media were identified by

participants in the meeting. Next steps include the actual development of the media kit in

collaboration with communication experts within WHO.

WHO will develop on the tagline provided with a proper agency.

Regulations for safe listening in entertainment venues

Further steps that will be undertaken by WHO include identification of information needs,

collection of existing evidence and collaboration with experts towards development of

guidelines for sound exposure in recreational venues.

WHO-ITU global standard

The WHO-ITU global standard for safe listening devices and systems is publicly available.

Further editorial revision and translation in other languages of the Standard are planned for the

upcoming months.


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Next steps include efforts to promote its implementation and integration by Member States

and industry partners

Protocol for determining the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss

O-ITU global standard

A draft of a research protocol for determining the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in

recreational settings is under development. Future steps include publishing the protocol that

aims to serve any interested researchers in implementing the proposed methodology in

upcoming studies.


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Access pictures kindly shared by Michael Chowen here: http://tiny.cc/s7ye4y

http://tiny.cc/s7ye4y


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ANNEX 1 AGENDA

Day 1: Wednesday 13 February 2019 Time Session 9.00-9.30

Registration

9.30-10.00 Welcome and introduction

9.30-9.50 WHO make listening safe initiative: past actions and future directions Shelly Chadha

9.50-10.00 Purpose and objectives of the meeting Alarcos Cieza

10.00-10.30 Target groups and communication activities Elena Altieri

10.30-11.00 Tea/coffee break 11.00-12.30

Group work on targeted communication

12.30-14.00 Lunch 14.00-15.30

Presentation of group work and discussion

15.30-16.00 Tea/coffee break 16.00-17:00

Advocacy initiative for hearing: making a statement


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Day 2: Thursday 14 February Time Session 9.00-9.15

Review and recap

9.15-9.30 Entertainment venues: existing policies Elizabeth Beach

9.30-9.45 Examples from Switzerland and France Kaloyan Kamenov

9.45-10.00 Consideration for safe listening in entertainment venues Shelly Chadha

10.00-10.30 Tea/coffee break 10.30-11.45

Group work on framework for regulations on entertainment venues

11.45-12.45 Presentation of group work and discussion

12.45-14.15 Launch event for global standard for safe listening devices/systems and lunch

14.15-14.30

Introduction to the global standard for safe listening devices/systems (H.870 Simao Campos

14.30-14.45 Introduction to the toolkit for implementation of the global standard Roxana Widmer-Iliescu

14.45-15.00 Proposed next steps Masahito Kawamori

15.00-15.30 Open discussion

15:30-16.00 Next steps and closure

16:00-16.30 Tea


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ANNEX 2 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Reza ASSADI Tallinn Email: [email protected] Elizabeth BEACH National Acoustic Laboratories, Macquarie University Email: [email protected] Lidia BEST Vice – President of European Federation of Hard of Hearing Email: [email protected] Abraham BLAU Vice President of IFHOH, Tel Aviv Email: [email protected] Jessica BOROWSKI Acoustic Engineer, Meyer Sound Laboratories, Berkeley, USA Email: [email protected] Yulia CARROLL Email: [email protected] Joseph CERQUONE Director of Public Relations American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Email> [email protected] Kris CHESKY University of North Texas Email: [email protected] Michael CHOWEN Director of Hearing Conservation Council, Brighton, UK Email: [email protected]

Tim DAVISON Plantronics Ltd. Email: [email protected] Thomas DAYAN International Federation of Musicians Email: [email protected] Simao DE CAMPOS NETO International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Geneva, Switzerland Email: [email protected] Raju DESAI Apple, Cupertino Email: [email protected] Nicola DIVIANI University of Lucerne, Switzerland Email: [email protected] Luka DOLENC EA-Lab Email: [email protected] Raphael ELMIGER Deputy Head of Section Division of Radiological Protection Non-Ionizing Radiation and Dosimetry Section Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA. Federal Office of Public Health Email: [email protected] Katya FEDER Research Scientist with health, Ottawa, Canada Email: [email protected] Daniel FINK The Quiet Coalition Email: [email protected] Brian FLIGOR Professor at Salus University Mansfield Email: [email protected]


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Adrian FUENTE Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada Email: [email protected] Dan GAUGER Distinguished Engineer at Bose Corporation, Greater Boston Area, Massachusetts, USA Email: [email protected] Kamakshi GOPAL University of North Texas, USA Email: [email protected] Dorte HAMMERSHØI Professor Aalborg University Aalborg Email: [email protected] Jean-Louis HORVILLEUR State-registered hearing aid specialist Hearing risk prevention: www.LesOreilles.com Chairman of the Scientific committee of Bruitparif Journalist, Guitar Part Magazine. Email : [email protected] Christian HUGONNET Founding President, la Semaine du Son, Paris, France Email: [email protected] Peter ISBERG Sony Corporation Email: [email protected] Masahito KAWAMORI Project Professor at the Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan Email: [email protected] Adriana LACERDA Associate Professor in École d’Orthophonie et d’Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Canada Email: [email protected]

Mark LAUREYNS Audiologist and Speech Pathologist. Email: [email protected] Colleen LE PRELL University of Texas at Dallas, Texas Email: [email protected] Kuba MAZUR Apple Inc. Santa Clara Email: [email protected] Patricio MUÑOZ Acoustics engineer, Acoucité Lyon Email: [email protected] Isabelle NAEGELEN Schengen, Luxembourg Email: [email protected] Rick NEITZEL Associate Professor and Associate Chair of Environmental Health Sciences Associate Professor of Global Public Health Director, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, USA Email: [email protected] Sara RUBINELLI Assistant Professor of Health Communication at the Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland Email: [email protected] Andrea J SAKS International Telecommunications Specialist for the Deaf Email: [email protected] Michael SANTUCCI President of Sensaphonics Hearing Wellness Oak Park Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


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Keita SUYAMA Safe Listening, Chuou-Ku Tokyo-To Email: [email protected] De Wet SWANEPOEL Professor of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Email: [email protected] Ian WIGGINS Senior Research Fellow, University of Nottingham Email: [email protected] Warwick WILLIAMS East Lindfield Email: [email protected] WHO

Elena ALTIERI, NVI, WHO/HQ Email: [email protected]

Shelly CHADHA, BDD/NVI, WHO/HQ Email : [email protected]

Alarcos CIEZA, Coordinator BDD/NVI, WHO/HQ Email: [email protected]

Kaloyan KAMENOV, BDD/NVI, WHO/HQ Email: [email protected]

Etienne KRUG, Director NVI, WHO/HQ Email: [email protected]

Karen REYES, BDD/NVI, WHO/HQ

Email: [email protected]

Stefan WETZEL Hörtech gGmbH Oldenburg Email: [email protected] Stephen WHEATLEY CEO and a Co-Founder of HearAngel/LimitEar Ltd United Kingdom Email: [email protected] Roxana WIDMER-ILIESCU International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Development Sector (ITU-D) Email: [email protected] Kwangsee ALLEN WOO Principal Engineer, Audio Team Email: [email protected]

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