what’s inside - scandinavian heritage park · 2016. 9. 24. · all that dreaming and planning...

March 2012

President’s message, calendar . . . . . . . . . 2From the office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3SHA annual meeting held . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Picture this: Bouquets and kudos . . . . . . 5Swedish reality TV seeks contestants . . 6Memorial path leads to heritage . . . . . . . . 7

Scandinavian Heritage: Prillar-Guri,the country girl who saved Norway . . 8-9SHAmemorials, membership form. . . . . . 10Gifts keep heritage alive. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Scandinavian Society reports . . . . . . 13-15Tracing Your Scandinavian Roots:April 2: 1940 census available . . . . . . . . 16

WHAT’S INSIDE

TURN TO PAGE 7 FOR COVER STORY

• March 2012 • SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGE NEWS

by Gail Peterson, presidentScandinavian Heritage Association

In the last issue of the newsletter, theheadline to the “President’s MES-SAGE” was, “Mother Nature hasspared us so far this fall!” Little did Iknow at the time that we would notexperience winter until late February.Now March is here, and spring is justaround the corner. With that comesplanning for spring/summer events.The annual Scandinavian Heritage

Association Banquet and Silent Auc-tion are set for Saturday, April 28, atthe Grand International in Minot.Doris Slaaten and Liz Gjellstad, chair-persons for the banquet, promise us aninteresting and entertaining program.George Officer and I are chairing theauction, an important fund-raiser forour organization. Mark your calendarand plan to get together for a fun-filledevening while supporting the Scandi-navian Heritage Association. (Turn topage 4 for details on the banquet, in-cluding a ticket order form.)Friday, June 22, is the date for this

year’sMidsummer Night Festival. Acelebration that has history in Scandi-

navian culturesgoing back to an-cient times, Mid-summer is heldaround the timeof the summersolstice and is the most celebratedholiday in Scandinavia, apart fromChristmas.Our festival has become a tradition

in Minot as a way to welcome sum-mer with food and family orientedentertainment. Last year’s festivalwas canceled because of the flood, sowe especially look forward to cele-brating Midsummer this year. Markyour calendar!As the damage caused by the flood

in Roosevelt and Oak parks is re-paired, the Scandinavian HeritagePark will continue to be the site forother public events this summer. Welook forward to being the site for theIntegrity Jazz Festival on June 23, theFourth of July Festival of the Parks,and the Arts in the Parks concert seriesfrom mid-June through early August.I look forward to seeing you at the

park this summer. Have a greatspring—summer will be here soon! •

President’s MESSAGE

Gail Peterson

Banquet,MidsummeramongSHAhappenings

Scandinavian Heritage NewsVol. 25, Issue 58 • March 2012

Published quarterly byThe Scandinavian Heritage Assn.

1020 South Broadway701/852-9161 • P.O. Box 862

Minot, ND 58702e-mail: [email protected]

Website: scandinavianheritage.orgNewsletter Committee

Lois Matson, ChairAl Larson, Carroll EricksonJo Ann Winistorfer, Editor

701/[email protected]

Al Larson, Publisher – 701/852-5552

SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGEASSOCIATION

1020 South Broadway • P.O. Box 862Minot, North Dakota 58702

Phone 701/852-91612012 OFFICERS

Gail Peterson PresidentPeder Rice Vice PresidentMarion Anderson SecretarySue Weston Treasurer

BOARD OF DIRECTORSThree-year terms ending January 2015

Myron Anderson Eva GoodmanErv Johnson John SinnDoris Slaaten Robert WhetterJo Ann WinistorferThree-year terms ending January 2014

Jerome Jorgenson Jim MaragosLois Matson Peder RiceBob Sando Ernie SellandJoan Varty Neil ZimmermanThree-year terms ending January 2013

Marion Anderson Ron BieriLiz Gjellstad Jana HennixGail Peterson Virgil RudeOne-year appointees to January 2013

Adelaide Johnson Everett OlsonLes Strege Sue WestonBob Wheeler

Verla Rostad, Office ManagerEx-Officio Members

Carroll Erickson, Past PresidentBruce Christenson, Past PresidentAllen O. Larson, Past PresidentRoald Mattson, Past PresidentGeorge Officer, Past PresidentMark Anderson, Past President

Directors EmeritusMarian Bergan, Director EmeritusDoralyn Brown, Director EmeritusJeanne McNea, Director EmeritusHelen Haaland, Director Emeritus

• SON Norwegian Potato Dumpling Dinner,Monday, March 19, 6:30 p.m., First Lutheran, Minot

• SON Spring Bake Sale/Luncheon, Saturday,March 31, 9 a.m.-2 p.m. SHA headquarters, Minot

• SHA Annual Banquet/Silent Auction,Saturday, April 28, International Inn, Minot

• Midsummer Night Festival,Friday, June 22, SHA Park

• Integrity Jazz Festival, Saturday, June 23, SHA Park

• Festival of the Parks, July 4, SHA Park

• Arts in the Parks Summer Concert Series,(mid-June through August), SHA Park

CCAALLEENNDDAARRCCAALLEENNDDAARRSPRING 2012

Next newsletter deadline: Copy and pictures—May 15, 2012, printing date—June 1, 2012

SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGE NEWS • March 2012 •

SHA’s seasonal calendar filling upby Verla Rostad

SHA office manager

Winter days are quiet at the Scandi-navian Heritage Center’s office.

Fewer visitors and volunteers make fora slower pace—more time to brain-storm and dream! Suddenly the phone rings … the

caller is wondering if she can reservethe Gol Stave Church for a wedding …a little while later someone stops in toreserve the picnic shelter for a groupouting in July … more dreaming … Imagining a park full of families,

greeters in the buildings, the HeritageHouse Museum busier with the newsidewalk leading visitors to the door … Another phone call: an outdoor wed-

ding is added to the June calendar …thoughts drift to ideas of fun activities

From the OFFICE

for children—ascavenger hunt!We tried that lastyear and itworked … The phone

rings—someonewants to buy abrick for the Her-itage Path … Iwonder how wecan encouragemore groups to

form teams to volunteer … John Sinn stops by, and we have cof-

fee … he makes some phone calls …John has 46 items on his “to-do” list forthis spring! A shopper stops in the Gift Shop and

is looking for a Scandinavian gift idea… a figurine? How about a ceramic tile

Verla Rostad

with a rosemaled design? An Uff Da!mug … shot glass … t-shirt … keychain? … The phone rings again… another

outdoor wedding—the same day inJune! It will work; this one is later in theday…. More dreaming … time to think

about Midsummer Night entertainment…. more planning ….

Watch for these events!All that dreaming and planning does

lead to a calendar that is starting to fillup! Our annual Banquet and SilentAuctionwill be held at the Grand Inter-national on Saturday, April 28. TheMidsummer Night Festival is sched-uled for Friday, June 22. We have wed-dings and picnics on the calendar andare expecting more as spring arrivesand folks make their summer plans.With the Minot Park District continu-

ing to work on flood recovery in OakPark and Roosevelt Park, the Scandina-vian Heritage Park will again be thevenue for events normally held in theother parks. The Integrity Jazz Festivalwill take place in SHA Park on Satur-day, June 23; the Festival of the Parkswill be here on July 4. On most Thurs-day evenings and Sunday afternoonsand evenings from mid-June to earlyAugust, we will be the site for the Artsin the Parks summer concert seriesbrought to us by the Minot Area Coun-cil of the Arts. Each concert is pairedwith a visual artist. It is our hope that we will be able to

recruit teams of volunteers to have ourbuildings open evening and weekendhours this summer. Public events giveus the opportunity to show off ourbeautiful park! •

Volunteer park greeters neededSoon we will begin to compile our list of volunteer greeters for the 2012 sea-son. Greeters in the Scandinavian Heritage Park are just that—greeters, onhand to offer a friendly welcome to park visitors. We usually have one greeterin or near the Sigdal Log House and another at the Gol Stave Church. You arenot expected to be an “expert”— just to share whatever information you findinteresting. We have audio tours and printed material that provide facts. We also have a need for volunteers to be in the Heritage House Museum

when it is open. The museum will see more visitors now that the Heritage Pathis complete, providing a nice sidewalk connecting the park and the museum.The Heritage House Museum committee works to provide interesting factsabout the artifacts on display, and is planning a display this year featuring ErikRamstad and the early history of the Minot area. Heated and air conditioned,the Heritage House Museum is a great place to volunteer if you are sensitive tooutdoor extremes or if walking in the park is difficult. We hope to have themuseum open whenever the park buildings are open. We are planning to use teams of volunteers again this year to cover shifts as

needed. Some of our volunteers enjoy their weekly time in the park. Othershave busier schedules and find it hard to commit to volunteering weekly. Forthose folks, being part of a team offers more flexibility. Teams of six to ninepeople cover a shift of three people at a time. Each person would work everytwo or three weeks. Our shifts are: •Monday–Saturday mornings from 9 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.•Monday–Saturday afternoons from 12:30 - 4 p.m.• Weekday evenings from 5:30 - 9 p.m.• Sunday afternoons from 1 - 4 p .m. If you could help us by greeting visitors to the park, please call the office at

701-852-9161. •

THE HEART of acommunity isreflectedin thequalityof itsparks.

M I N O T P A R K D I S T R I C T420 Third Avenue SW • 857-4136


YYou are invitedou are invited......to attend the to attend the SSHHAA BBAANNQQUUEETT

SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 2012Grand International, Minot, ND

Co-chairs: Doris Slaaten and Liz Gjellstad

SSiilleenntt AAuuccttiioonnCo-chairs: Gail Peterson and George Officer

Tickets: $25 per personRSVP date for banquet: Monday, April 23, 2012Call 701-852-9161 to request reserved seating

I would like to attend the 2012 SHA BANQUET/SILENT AUCTION. Please reserve my place(s).I am enclosing $_______ ($25 per person).

Mail ticket(s) to:

NAME______________________________________

ADDRESS__________________________________

CITY_______________________ STATE__________

MMAAIILL TTIICCKKEETT OORRDDEERR TTOO::Scandinavian Heritage Assn.

P.O. Box 862 • Minot, ND 58702OR:

Stop by the SHA Office to pick up your ticket(s).

DON’T MISS OUT ON THISCHANCE TO MEET AND GREETYOUR FELLOW SHA MEMBERS!

KOM SPIS • KOMA BORDA • COME ÄTA • TULLA SYÖMÄÄN • KOMMER SPISE

• 5:30 p.m. — Social hour • 5:30 p.m. — Silent Auction opens • 6:30 p.m. —Dinner• Entertainment • Guest speaker

ON THE M

ENU:

• Swiss Steak Jardinière

• Swiss Steak Jardinière

•• (Vegetarian option

, by

(Vegetarian option

, by

request: Pasta

Prima-Vera)

request: Pasta

Prima-Vera)

President: Gail Peterson Vice president: Peder Rice Secretary: Marion Anderson Treasurer: Sue Weston

Officers, directors re-elected at SHA annual meetingThe Scandinavian Heritage Associa-

tion held its annual meeting on Sat-urday, Jan. 28, in the SHA headquartersbuilding. Highlight was the installationof officers, re-election of directors forthree-year terms, and appointments of

one-year-term directors. The nominat-ing committee report was submitted byAl Larson, chairman of the committee.Other nomination committee memberswere Myron Anderson, Sue Weston,George Officer and Peder Rice.

Officers for 2012 are Gail Peterson,president; Peder Rice, vice president;Marion Anderson, secretary; and SueWeston, treasurer. For a listing of all di-rectors, turn to page 2 and check out theright-hand column. •


PPIICCTTUURREE TTHHIISS!!BBoouuqquueettss aanndd kkuuddooss!!

RIGHT: SHA presidentGail Peterson (left) presents Verla Rostad with a

bouquet of flowers, honoring her for all thehours she has volunteered as SHA office

manager. Thank you, Verla!

ABOVE: Grounds committee chairmanJohn Sinn makes a call from the SHAoffice regarding plans for the parkthis season. Thanks for all your hardwork, John; we appreciate you!

for Reservations,call 701-837-1010

Walk-Ins Welcome

10 North Main St.Minot, ND 58703Open Tuesday–Saturday4:00 pm – Close

“Good Food,

sNice Drinks”

• 176 Spacious Rooms• Indoor Heated Pool• Two Whirlpools• Sauna• Game Room

• Beauty Salon• Pavilion Restaurant• Ground Round Bar &Grill• Minot’s Largest Convention Center

• Minot’s Finest CorporateClub

• Oasis Lounge & Casino• Gift Shop

Velkommen TilNorsk Høstfest!

2200 Burdick Expressway East, Box 2228, Minot, ND 58702Phone (701) 852-2504 • Fax (701) 852-2630

Toll Free 1-800-468-9968


SHA Newsletter readerreminds us of anotherNorse Yule tradition

Dear Newsletter Committee: This is tolet you know that I enjoy your maga-

zine very much and read it end to end. Ihave also enjoyed seeing the Heritage Cen-ter and have been there several times. It isgreat to see each new addition.

Seeing the center and reading thenewsletter make me glad to be Norwegian.

I especially enjoyed “Christmas tradi-tions” by Verla Rostad, but was surprisedthat the tradition of singing or dancingaround the Christmas tree was not men-tioned. I am the daughter of homesteadersand our Christmases were not in the least

Apopular Swedish television net-work, Meter Television, is search-

ing for Americans with Swedishancestry for a reality TV show.Its first Great Swedish Adventure

(Allt för Sverige in Swedish), was amajor success, prompting its producersto begin casting for a second season.The show is the Swedish version of

“American Idol” and “Minute to WinIt.” Its producers are coming to the U.S.to find fun, outgoing Americans withSwedish ancestry to participate in thisnew television series.Americans chosen for the program

will travel to Sweden to take part in theseries. Chosen participants will com-

pete in extreme cultural challenges todiscover their rich and fascinating rootswhile trying to win the grand prize:meeting their Swedish relatives.This is an opportunity to discover a

new land and culture and have achance to win a spectacular prize.The show should have no trouble

finding contestants: In the years 1846-1930, 1.3 million Swedish people (one-quarter of the population) immigratedto America to build a better life fortheir families. Today, more than 4.8 mil-lion Americans have Swedish heritage.

Allt för Sverige will be shot andbroadcast in Sweden and potentiallyother countries as well. This is an in-

credible once-in-a-lifetime opportunityfor someone to discover their ancestryand experience their rich and fascinat-ing Swedish cultural heritage. For de-tails and an application form, visit:www.greatswedishadventure. com. For a sample of the show (partly in

Swedish, partly in English), check out:www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZntwZOZfmE. On this site, you’llmeet Series 1 contestants, view beauti-ful scenery and learn about Swedishcustoms. You’ll also meet the last se-ries’ winner, Brian Gerard, a 39-year-old pastor from Kentucky. Who knows, you could be the next

winner! •

Swedish reality TV show seeking contestants

lavish, but the most joyous part of our cel-ebration was singing carols around thetree. My very favorite was “Jul Med DinGlade”—an action song which involvedclapping our hands and twirling around.My son’s family and I do this every year,maybe just to please Grandma, and it stilllifts my spirits.

Maybe it was not a common practice,although they also do it at a DanishLutheran Church in the area.

At a future date, could your papermention this? Or am I the only one wholoves this tradition?

At any rate, you publish a very goodpaper. Thank you.

Yours truly, Margaret Andersen, Plentywood, MT

LETTER TO SHA

Dear Margaret,Thank you for your letter and your

kind words about the SHA Newsletteras well as our SHA facilities and park.In checking several websites, these

sentences appear: “Before the presentsare opened, the families often dance ina ring around the Christmas tree whilesinging traditional Norwegian Christ-mas carols.” And, “Singing NorwegianChristmas songs and dancing aroundthe Christmas tree is also a long-heldtradition popular among families withyoung children.”So this was indeed a tradition in

many Norwegian homes at Yuletide.It’s neat to know that families of immi-grants still practice these traditions !

—Editor

CONVENIENTCARE CLINIC

Health Center – Medical Arts400 Burdick Expy E. • Minot

Mon.-Fri. – 9 am-6 pmSat.-Sun. – Noon-6 pm

For appointments call857-7817 (weekdays)

or 857-7383 (weekends)

Thank youto our

Advertisers!�

ScandinavianHeritage

Association


In the December issue of the Scandi-navian Heritage News we intro-duced the plan for the Heritage Pathbricks, which are being sold and willline the new sidewalk between theScandinavian Heritage Park and theHeritage House Museum. The engraved bricks will provide a

way to honor or memorialize individ-uals or to publicly proclaim your sup-port of the Scandinavian HeritagePark. Proceeds from the sale of thebricks will be used to supplementmemberships and other gifts for theongoing expenses of the ScandinavianHeritage Association. Along with the sidewalk lined with

engraved bricks, the Heritage Pathwill include additional trees, benches

Memorial pathwill lead toHERITAGE

COVER STO

RY:and flower beds. A tranquil park-likeatmosphere will be created along thepath between the park and the mu-seum. It will be a pleasant walk to themuseum and a place for quiet medita-

tion. Donations to provide memorialtrees and other plants and benches arealso being accepted.You may order a brick with the

form below:

Name__________________________________________________________

Address________________________________________________________

City__________________________________State________ Zip__________

Phone_____________________

Yes, we’d like to reserve a permanent brick____ 4” x 8” brick ($100) –– 3 lines with 20 characters per line____ 8” x 8” brick ($225) –– 7 lines with 20 characters per line

Please engrave our brick as follows:• Any symbol is considered one space (period, comma, dash)• All text is automatically centered unless otherwise noted. (You do not need to center on the form.)• Please print in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS:

Line 1: _________________________________________________________

Line 2: _________________________________________________________

Line 3: _________________________________________________________

Use for additional lines on 8” x 8” brick:

Line 4:_________________________________________________________

Line 5:_________________________________________________________

Line 6:_________________________________________________________

LIne 7:_________________________________________________________

Mail your form and payment to: SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGE ASSOCIATIONP.O. Box 862, Minot, ND 58702 Call 701-852-9161 for credit card paymentsOr order online at: www.scandinavianheritage.org

retailoffice

medicalindustrial

apartments

by focusing on tenant needs, we have created shareholdervalue for over 41 years

1400 31st Ave SW Suite 60|Minot, ND 58701 701.837.4738 | iret.com | NASDAQ: IRET

value for over 41 yearswe have created shareholderby focusing on tenant needs,

value for over 41 yearswe have created shareholderby focusing on tenant needs,

officeailret

701.837.4738 | iret.com | NASDMinot, ND 58701400 31st Ave SW Suite 60|1

apartments

Q: IRET A 701.837.4738 | iret.com | NASDMinot, ND 58701

apartmentsindustrial

medical

701.852.0406 & 1.800.472.2141

Verendrye ElectricCooperative

Minot - Velva

A Touchstone EnergySM

Partner CooperativeThe power of human connections


Perhaps you have seen a picture of aNorwegian girl playing a long

horn called a “lur.” If so, it was likelymeant to be “Prillar-Guri.” It’s a storythat inspires courage and patriotism.

Prillar-Guri: The country girl who saved NorwayThe Scandinavian Heritage • 25

The year was 1612. There was warbetween the joint kingdom of Den-mark-Norway and Sweden. In thosedays, there were often disputes be-tween the Scandinavian powers thatled to military conflicts.The political decisions for the joint

kingdom were made inCopenhagen. KingChristian IV was theleader of a kingdomjoined by the Union of

Kalmar in 1397, when Mar-garet was queen. In this war, the

Swedish king had recruited merce-naries from Holland and Scotlandto come to his aid.

It has happened only a few times inhistory that the “savior” of a nation hasbeen a woman, and hardly ever a girlof 17. Guri was an exception, playing akey role in defending the land.For over 350 years, the story of

“Prillar-Guri” had been told, but nobook could be found on it. In 1968,Arthur Stavig went to Norway to lookfor the complete story. After a pains -taking search, he discovered it wasbeing serialized in the Romsdal Bud-stikke, a daily newspaper. He took thestory back to America, and togetherwith Marvel Arseth DeSorti, trans-lated it into English. Now the wholeworld could read about this heroine of

by Jo Ann Winistorfer

Say the name “Prillar-Guri”and any Norwegian willrecognize the name. Thegirl behind the name ispart of Norway’s oral tradi-

tion. So famous is she that paintings andcarvings bear her likeness. Many songsand poems have also been written in her

honor. A statue of Pillar-Guri playing herhorn welcomes visitors to the present-dayGudbrandsdal town of Otta, located in Opp-land fylke. Between Otta and Dovre, home ofher fiance, Kjell, she is alleged to have played

her “lur” (long Norwegian horn) to warn her Nor-wegian kinsmen that a band of around

300 Scottish mercenaries was on themarch. The soldiers were on their wayto join forces with Sweden, at thattime the sworn enemy of Denmark andNorway. The soldiers’ path took themalong the Lågen River valley, wedged

between steep peaks in the Rondane mountainchain. In places, the valley was so narrow thesoldiers were forced to march single file. There,in 1612, the Battle of Kringen took place. Armedonly with primitive weapons, a militia of around400 Norwegian farmers blocked both ends of thepassageway, then heaved rocks from the moun-taintops onto the soldiers trapped below. Duringthe 90-minute battle, soldiers were crushed byrocks, shot, drowned, or clubbed to death. Howmany were killed depends on which account youread; most of the 116 soldiers who survived thebattle were murdered by the farmers a day later.The 18 or so remaining prisoners were takenelsewhere for trial. Among the survivors was theleader, Capt. Alexander Ramsey; yet it is Sinclairwho is listed as in command according to oraltradition. Was there a captain named Sinclairwho lived through the fight and later returnedhome to Scotland? Or was he one of the first todie in battle? No official reports on the battlemention Prillar-Guri’s name. The first accounts ofher appear roughly 200 years after the event.

Fact? Folklore? Or both?


Prillar-Guri: The country girl who saved Norway

Author Arland Fiske

PHOTO

BY MARY PAT

FINN-HOAG

Editor’s note: This column is the 25th in aseries by former Minot pastor, ArlandFiske (now living in Texas), retired fromministry in the Evangelical LutheranChurch in America. Fiske has written ninebooks on Scandinavian heritage. The chap-ter reprinted here is from his book, “TheScandinavian Heritage.”

old Norway.Guri was an orphan and had been

reared by foster parents in Romsdalen,near Molde. She had been a sickly girl,and for this reason was taken to an oldstave church up in the File Mountains(Filefjell) for prayers of healing. St.Thomas Church was the place for pil-grims to visit on Annuciation Day(March 25). Many of them left theircrutches behind as they journeyedhome.Whether it was the prayers, the

long hike in the mountain air or acombination of both, we do not know,but Guri became radiantly healthy. Shewas getting ready for her wedding toKjell, just as soon as he returned fromthe war.Little did they suspect that their

lives would be tragically changed byan event already in progress, of whichthey were innocent. Invading merce-naries would pass directly through

their valley.The Scots might have traveled

through to Sweden with little incident,as did the Dutch through Trondheim,if their leader, Col. George Sinclair,had not decided on a campaign of ter-ror to conquer Norway first.Sinclair was a soldier with a

charisma for leadership, but whoseambition would not hesitate to employthe vilest treachery. His army, withtwo notable exceptions, was a band ofcut-throats, recruited from the lowestdregs of society in western Europe. Their arrival on Aug. 10 began a 16-

day reign of terror which has not beenforgotten. Every farm building wasburned to the ground, children andold people were murdered and maid-ens were ravished. They looted andfeasted on whatever food and liquorthey could find. To make it even morefrightful, Sinclair had a huge blood-hound named “Ralf” that was able tosniff out people and farms at a greatdistance.Because of the war with Sweden,

there were only old men with crudeweapons to defend the valley whichled to Gudbrandsdal, Kjell’s home. Be-yond that lay the unguarded heartlandof central Norway.It was Guri, the seter girl, who car-

ried the warning to the unsuspectingfarmlands. She traveled throughstreams and underbrush, hiding fromSinclair and his dog. He had seen herand had resolved to make her hisprize of war.She traveled without regard to pain

and danger of the wild animals in themountains. With every breath sheprayed, “Lord Jesus, lead me to warnthe people and to save Kjell’s familyfrom this terrible enemy.”When she arrived at the end of her

journey, she didn’t look much like abride. But the people had been warnedand now worked feverishly to buildan ambush at a narrow pass near Krin-gen, upstream from Lesje and Dovre.In the strangest of happenings,

Mary Sinclair was also hurryingthrough the mountains, trying to stopher husband. Carrying her newbornson, she wept bitter tears at her hus-band’s deeds.An avalance of rocks was con-

structed to greet the invaders. Just be-yond a bend on a narrow pass, a

barricade was built. Across the river inplain sight of the enemy stood Guri.She was dressed in her bridal clothes,her wedding with Kjell having justbeen completed, as he had unexpect-edly returned from the war. Guriplayed her lur as a signal to the de-fenders that the hated enemy was ap-proaching.A musket shot from the bushes

mortally wounded Sinclair. Then therocks began to roll. Almost all of the800 invaders perished. Of the sur-vivors, only 16 escaped massacre bythe angry farmers.The victory for Norway brought a

tragic end to Guri’s dreams. In the af-termath of the melee, Kjell tried tosave Sinclair’s son from harm. Thechild’s mother, overcome with griefand fearing for her son, misunder-stood Kjell’s intentions and stabbedhim to death.Guri’s marriage lasted only hours,

but she is remembered for what tookplace at Kringen that day, Aug. 26,1612. “Prillar-Guri” will live forever asa natonal hero in Norway’s long strug-gle for freedom. •

Pictures often depict Prillar-Guri with alur. In reality, she likely played a “Pril-larhorn,” made from an oxhorn. In conclusion: Often, legends contain atleast a few grains of truth. Sincewomen were rarely listed in records ofyore, perhaps that is why no mentionwas made of Prillar-Guri’s role. Onesource suggests that she was awardeda farm by the king for her contributionto the battle. No matter whether Prillar-Guri is fact or folklore, she lives ontoday as the motif on the crest of Selkommune, Prillar-Guri’s home. Thecommunity of Otta hosts an annualevent called Pillarguri Dagene (Prillar-Guri Days); the festival closes on 26 Au-gust, anniversary of the battle.•

The colorful wood replica of Prillar-Guri atleft was hand-carved and painted by Hen-ning Wood Carving studios in Kapp, easternNorway, run by the Engelsen family. Formore information, visit: http://www.henning.no. The carving is also availablethrough Ingebretsens in Minneapolis. Fordetails, visit: http://www.ingebretsens.com/hand-made-treasures/henning



When a friend or loved one has justpassed away, it’s often a struggle

to come up with a fitting tribute to thatperson’s memory. Making a gift dona-tion in that person’s honor to the Scan-dinavian Heritage Association is oneway to acknowledge how much thedeceased meant to you. It’s also a wayto keep the heritage of our immigrantancestors alive and well through ourbeautiful park in Minot’s heart.There are many ways to give a me-

morial to Scandinavian Heritage Park

in a loved one’s memory. For example,you can choose to support a specificproject, such as our Heritage Housemuseum. Or, you can choose an ethnicgroup’s project within the park (suchas the Danish windmill, Swedish Dalahorse, Gol Stave Church, etc.). You canalso give a donation directly to the as-sociation to be used where needed.Contributions of $1,000 or more are

ackowledged with a plaque on theScandinavian Heritage AssociationWall of Honor. Lesser amounts of $25or more are recognized in the GoldenBook of Memory in the SHA headquar-

ters building.It’s a good idea, too, for each of us

to sit down with our families to dis-cuss where we would like our ownmemorials to go someday. We shouldwrite down our wishes so that otherfamily members have the informationand can follow through with ourwishes. Remember, too, that placing anotice in an obituary indicating wherememorials are to be sent helps otherswho wish to honor the deceased.And finally, the ultimate gift is to

become a benefactor of SHA throughyour estate. It’s a way for you to leavea lasting legacy to your Scandinavianheritage as well as a memorial to youor a family member.We hope you will consider the Scan-

dinavian Heritage Association whenyou discuss memorial donations or es-tate gifting. For information, contactthe SHA office at (701) 852-9161. •

SHA memorials:SHA memorials:Gifts that keep on giving

Page 12 • March, 2007 • SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGE NEWS

Coming soon: Audio tours of SHA Park!Plans to have an audio tour system in place in Scandina v -

ian Heritage Park by this summer are progressing nicely.The system will involve the use of around a half dozenMP3 players, each containing recorded descrip-tions of the park’s features.

“Each system will look like a smallWalkman, complete with headphones andneck band,” says Mark Anderson, SHA pres-ident. “There will be five or six available,and people can rent them for a nominalcharge to carry with them on a self-guidedtour.”

A joint project between the ScandinavianHeritage Association and the North DakotaCenter for Persons with Disabilities (NDCPD),the players are designed especially for visuallyimpaired park visitors.

But anyone can use them to enhance their tour experi-ence, according to President Mark, noting,”It’s a positivething on a number of different levels.”

Already, the text for the soundtrack has been written and isin the editing process.

Still to be decided is whether the audio player’srecording will be coordinated with a circle tour of

the park, or whether different stations along theroute would have numbers, enabling the user

to simply push a number to synchronize thetract to describe that particular park high-light—or both!

The next step is to raise funds to offsetthe cost of the pro j ect, which is expected torun between $2,000 and $2,500.

President Mark is busy these days send-ing letters to friends, fraternal organizations

and businesses to see whether they would liketo help sponsor the project. How about you? If you, your business, your orga-

nization or anyone you know would like to give a dona-tion, please call the SHA Office at (701) 852-9161.

Thank you!•

THE SCANDINAVIAN HERITAGE PARK, the only park in the world representing all five Nordic countries, hosts thousands ofvisitors each year from around the world; as well as providing a picturesque setting for weddings and family gatherings.As a member of the Scandinavian Heritage Association, You help support:

SUSTAINING MEMBER$35.00 per year

Will receive the SHA MembershipPackage, which includes:

• Membership Card good for 10% offScandinavian Gift Shop items

Join Us In Preserving the Traditions of Our Proud Heritage

• Interpretative Tours of the Park• The Heritage House Museum• Local School Field Trips• The Annual “Midsommar Natt”• “Arts in the Park”• Seminars on Heritage and Culture• The on-going preservation and pro-

motion of Scandinavian traditions,positive values and ethics

• And much, much more!

Name (please print)____________________________ Phone _______________

Address__________________________________ E-mail___________________

City_____________________________State_______ Zip___________________

I/We wish to support the Scandinavian Heritage Association at the level checked below:� Sustaining Member � Sponsor Member � Benefactor Member � Yes, I/We give permission to print our name in the SHA publications� Please contact us. � I/We would like to become Volunteer(s) at SHA.� Check enclosed $________ � Credit Card: � MasterCard � Visa � Discover � Am. Exp.

Card Number _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Exp. Date_______Name on Card(please print) __________________________ Signature____________________________

Please mail to Scandinavian Heritage Assn., P.O. Box 862, Minot, ND 58702. Thank You!

M E M B E R S H I P A P P L I C A T I O N

• Membership Pin (initial membership)

• The Scandinavian Heritage News, offi-cial newsletter of the Association

• Invitation to Annual Banquet and otherSHA events

• Annual SHA Gift Packet

• Logo window Sticker

SPONSOR MEMBER$100.00 - $499.00 per year

Receives the SHA Membership Package,plus:

• Recognition in Newsletter (one issue)

• One (1) Complimentary Ticket to theAnnual Banquet

BENEFACTOR MEMBER$500.00 and above per year

Receives the SHA Membership Package,plus:

• Recognition in Newsletter (one issue)

• Two (2) Complimentary Tickets to theAnnual Banquet

M E M B E R S H I P C A T E G O R I E S


Gifts to the Scandinavian HeritageAssociation in the form of dona-

tions and memorials are always appre-ciated, and are a thoughtful way tohelp sustain the Scandinavian HeritagePark. Gifts can be given with a designa-

tion to a particular fund or project, orundesignated. Undesignated gifts areused as needed for the perpetual careof the park, which is a beautiful re-membrance of the past and legacy forthe future. The following people gave us gifts

between March 1 and Dec. 31, 2011:

In memory of...In memory of Al Doerr• James & Carolyn BodellIn memory of Arlene McNally• John E. SinnIn memory of Arnie Braaten• Carroll & Noreen Erickson• Jewell & Lois GroveIn memory of Bob Christianson• Virgil & Geraldeen RudeIn memory of Clinton Peterson• Glenn & Norma BergIn memory of Daryl Opstedal• Barbara Person• Mildred WilliamsIn memory of Diane I. Vitko• Jeanne McNea• Irene SolieIn memory of Donovan Hegre• Ramona BuettnerIn memory of Ernest Nelson (Ryder, ND)• John E. SinnIn memory of Gerald Velde• Anna Marie HuesersIn memory of Gus Gustafson• John E. SinnIn memory of Hardy Lieberg• Creative Media, Inc.In memory of Harlan O. Olson• Lillian OlsonIn memory of Harold Anderson• Norsk Høstfest Association

In memory of Harold Medalen• Curt MedalenIn memory of Jackie Stordal• David & Jackie DeMersIn memory of Layman “Bud” Slavick• Ramona BuettnerIn memory of Lillian Solberg• Glenn & Norma BergIn memory of Madeline Larson• Rhonda & Cordell BugbeeIn memory of Robert J. Johnson• Carroll & Noreen Erickson• Ramona BuettnerIn memory of Signa Nelson• Lois & Mitchell EvensonIn memory of Wiley Wilson• Carroll & Noreen EricksonIn memory of William Condon• Ramona BuettnerIn memory of Wylma Allen• Carroll & Noreen EricksonIn honor of...In honor of Ernie Selland’s 79th birthday• Paula Selland & Mark HendricksonIn honor of John Sinn• Duska LaCountIn honor of Marian Bergan’s 90th birthday• George & Jeanice OfficerIn honor of Mike & Woldina Krueger’swedding (1919)• Elsie ScottFor SHA Park’s 20th Anniversary:• Meredith & Sharon Larson

In appreciationIn appreciation for group tours:• Brekke Tours & Travel• Group Destination Planners• L A Tours• McPhail Agencies• Moostach Joe Tours• Rustad Tours, Inc.• Saskatoon Norwegian School• UND• Sunrise Tours

Other gifts• Bob Bruhaug• Doris Slaaten• Jerome C. Jorgenson, CPA• Mattson Construction Co.• Verendrye Electric• Gate City Bank• Gordon Oas• Leslie StregeWall of Honor donationsThe following gifts are recognized onthe Wall of Honor inside the VisitorCenter:In memory of Arnie Braaten• John E. SinnIn honor of Rolly & Iona Loken• Rodney & Marlys LokenIn honor of John Sinn’s 91st birthday• Jerry & Cheryl Sinn• Jan Joseph

Gifts to SHA keep the legacy alive

Bradley Thomas • Bryan Thomas

We are proud of ourSwedish Heritage

via theQuist and Chelgren (Johnson)

lineages.

1831 BURDICK EXPRESSWAY WEST • MINOT

Call Us…852-5552www.creativeprintingusa.com


Since opening, the Gol Stave ChurchMuseum at the Scandinavian HeritagePark has been the site for 169 weddingsand 24 baptisms. In many cases, particu-larly with baptisms, there is a family con-nection to the Scandinavian HeritageAssociation or the Scandinavian HeritagePark. Grandchildren and great-grandchil-dren of Scandinavian Heritage Associationboard members have been among those bap-tized at the Gol Stave Church.On July 13, 2011, Camilla Mae Brown, daughter

of Jeffery Brown and Beverly (Strand) Brown ofValentine, Neb., was baptized in the church at the Scandina-vian Heritage Park. Camilla has a very special connection to the Gol Stave

Church. Camilla's great-great-great grandfather, Iver Hal-steenson Strand (1845-1939), was baptized in the originalGol Stave Church in Gol, Norway, in 1845. Iver's father,Halsteen Ivarson Hustad-Brandvol-Nordstrand (1810-1871), was also born in Henstud, Gol, Buskerud, Norway,but the family does not have information to verify wherehe was baptized. •

Jeffrey Brown, Pastor Gary Ball-Kilbourne, Beverly Brown (standing),holding Camilla Mae Brown. Inset photo: Iver Strand (1845-1939).

The GOL Churchconnection

MARCO’SR E S TAU R A N T

Just across the street from Scandinavian ParkTown & Country Center • 1015 South Broadway

For a “Fast Lunch” or “To Go” call ahead 839-4433

OFFICE EQUIPMENT, INC.SUPPLYING THE TOOLS FOR YOUR

BUSINESS FOR OVER 60 YEARS17 East Central Ave. • 838-8624

Caring for you through allthe stages of your life.

Phone: 701-858-6700Toll Free: 1-800-841-7321www.centerforfamilymedicine.net

1201 11th Ave. SW • Minot, ND 58701

Full Service Pharmacy

Our reputationshines as brightlyas our diamonds.

Fred, Jr. & Sheri Lien701-838-5151

107 South Main StreetMinot, ND 58701


SCANDINAVIAN SOCIETY NEWS•••

by Bev Jensen, secretary

Swedish HeritageSociety-NWND

At our January meeting, Swedenand Norway were brought to us

in a unique way through a wonder-ful power-point presentation bySelmer and Carol Moen of theirthree-month vacation last summer.This self-guided tour took us intothe many facets of family traditionsand beautiful scenery. If looking fora Scandinavian vacation, these coun-tries would be highly recommended.This was also our annual meeting

month, at which time the followingwere elected as officers: • President – Bob Soderstrom• Vice president – Marcella Nelson• Treasurer – Lois Matson• Secretary – Bev Jensen• Lunch – Eldora Eliason• Hospitality – Gerri LarsonWe continue to learn pronuncia-

tion of the Swedish National An-them (“Du gamla, du fria”).

The magazine Sweden & Americais received with a paid membershipto the Swedish Heritage Society. Thisis an informative and joint publica-tion shared by Sweden and theUnited States. In addition to thismagazine, we like to highlight theinterests and heritage awarenessright here in our local community.

Worthy causes!The 11th annual “Love Without

Fear” Walkathon, sponsored by theDomestic Violence Prevention Foun-dation, was recently held in Minot.This event raises funds to help en-sure that services will continue tovictims of domestic violence andsexual assault. In addition to thisevent, staff personnel are availablefor clubs and group meetings to pro-mote the awareness of services theyprovide.An article from the Embassy of

Sweden News published in January2012 evaluated how Sweden has,through Sida, supported United Na-tions Women and the project

Swedish Heritage Society-NWND NEWSAnnual meeting held “SHiELD,” aiming at aiding the

Georgian state in its work for sup-porting victims of domestic violence.The project was started in 2010 andevaluated in 2011.The article assessed the project to

be efficient in its goals. Two state-runshelters for victims of domestic vio-lence and a hotline have been estab-lished. Financing became fullycovered by the state during the proj-ect, as well as guidelines and trainingof police and government officials.A second phase of the project has

been initiated. The project is nowpart of a large Swedish supportedthree-year joint United Nations gen-der-equality project in which UnitedNations Women, UNDP and UNFPAare partners.A representative from the Minot

Domestic Crisis Center will be theguest speaker at our society’s meet-ing on April 21. Everyone is wel-come to attend this informativeprogram and enjoy a traditionalnoon meal of Yellow Pea Soup andbread (Ärtsoppa and Bröd) at theSHA building. •

Dakota Finnish Society NEWS

Tucson to host FinnFest 2012by Marion Anderson, president

Dakota Finnish Society

St. Urho's Day is coming up onMarch 16, 2012, and once againthey are going to have a celebration inRolla. Some of us from Minot attendedin 2010 and hopefully we can get thereagain this year. They have a parade,Finn food and music—sounds like agood time. FinnFest 2012 will be held in Tuc-

son, Arizona, Nov. 8 - 11. Some of usfrom this area are going to try to get a

group together and drive down therefor it. One of the persons in charge isSinikka Garcia, who attended ourFinnFest here in 1997 and had manykind comments about it in her book,“Suomi Specialties” (Finnish celebra-tions). This cookbook is available inthe SHA bookstore. There is a club ofabout 100 Finns in Tucson. Novemberwould be an ideal time to go south fora while. On the political side, Finland has

just elected a new President. His nameis Sauli Niinisto. Prior to this election,

the president was a female, Tarja Halo-nen. President Niinisto will becomethe first conservative head of state infive decades. Tarja Halonen hadserved the maximum two six-yearterms. •


by Rob Odden, presidentThor Lodge 4-067 Sons of Norway

Did you know Norway has had abutter crisis the last few months?

The butter shortage deepened duringholiday preparations as Norwegiancooks and restaurants baked their tra-ditional Christmas cakes and cookies.The stockpile of Norwegian butterdwindled, leaving almost no butter onthe shelves during Christmas baking.When some butter was on the shelf, itwas bought immediately. Some storeshave even rationed butter, to preventhoarding. Norway is an oil-rich country with

one of the best economies per capita inthe world. Couldn't they just importmore of this agricultural product?Norway has high import tariffs on but-ter, $2/lb. import duties. The demandfor butter in 2011 compared to 2010 in-creased dramatically, by 1,000 tons. The 30-percent increase in butter

usage was actually a desire by the Nor-wegian population to lead healthierlives. A low-carb, high-protein diet hasbeen the fad recently, and a chef on TVpopularized the use of real butter overmargarine in making proper and good-tasting Norwegian food. 2011 brought a large amount of

moisture. Feed for milk cows was notas readily available. Therefore, Norwe-gian milk cows produced 20 millionfewer liters of milk. As I took note thelast time I was shopping, I saw that themost economical price to pay for but-ter at my local grocery store was $2.75.

‘Got butter?’Thor Lodge Sons of Norway NEWS At the height of the

Norwegian buttercrisis, a 1-lb. pack-age was selling forseveral hundreddollars. Large quantities

of the golden stuffhave been smug-gled in across theSwedish border.Other countries mayface a ripple affect and feel the samebutter pinch, especially if their dairymarket is regulated as Norway’s is. Toconfront the shortage, the governmenthas slashed tariffs dramatically. Butteris piling up again. Shelves are full ofcream and milk as well. Even though this matter was no

laughing matter, there is some humorevident and a good lesson to learn.Even during the butter shortage,cream has been available. So makinghomemade butter has become popularwith some and makes for a great giftor conversation piece at your next din-ner party. This raises the question,how much is enough? And if there isless to go around, will I share what Ihave? Thank goodness we don’t haveto say, “Vi beklager tidvis mangel på smør(we apologize for the occasional lackof butter.)” Are you a butter hoarder? How

many pounds of butter do you own?Butter or margarine? I Can't BelieveIt's Not Butter!!

Coming SON eventsPlease come and enjoy our annual

Norwegian Potato Dumpling Dinneron Monday, March 19, at 6:30 p.m.The dinner will be held in the FirstLutheran Parish Dining Hall. Therewill be a choice of butter or margarine. You may enjoy some goodies made

with butter and other good stuff at ourSpring Bake Sale and Luncheon. Stopby the SHA building on Saturday,March 31, 9 a.m.-2 p.m. Have you ever been to Trollfjorden

Norwegian Language and CulturalCamp? This four-day summer camp isJune 7-10 at Lake Metigoshe. Contactpersons are Helene Anderson (756-6493) or Kari Mahle (362-7497). Youwill have a great time at camp!Vennlig hilsen, and ... pass the

butter! •

The Icelandic Sheepdog reportedlycame to Iceland together with the

Vikings (in A.D. 874-930) and is prob-ably one of the oldest breeds in theworld. As Norwegian Vikings colo-nized Iceland, they brought their ani-mals with them. The dog was used towork sheep, horses and cattle. This Nordic dog is slightly rectan-

gular in shape, with prick earsand a curled tail. Hisgentle, intelligent ex-pression makes him afavored pet.Visiting Iceland in

the 17th century, Danishscientist Peder Han senResen gave this account:

Icelandic Heritage Society NEWS

Dog revered in Iceland“Dogs are so muchthe joy of the natives,that hardly any areseen without being ac-companied by a dog.”Throughout the years other breeds

were only imported in small numbers.Since 1901, it has been forbidden tobring animals into Iceland, so the

breed has remained prettymuch the same since theVikings settled there.So revered is this dog

by Icelanders that theyhave issued postagestamps in its honor, in-cluding the one shownhere, issued in 1980. •

Norway experienced an “oil crisis” of anotherkind recently: a butter shortage!


Again in this issue,we are highlightingfamily histories ofour members. The fol-lowing is the ancestry

of Souris Valley Danish Society mem-ber, Dorothy Schmelling Kruse, currentpresident of the Souris Valley DanishSociety. The article, written byDorothy, was submitted to thisnewsletter by Pam Orth, secretary.

My maternal grandparents, JensChristian Hedstrup (born Aug.

26, 1871, in Denmark) and AnnaChristina Rasmussen (born Jan. 6,1871, in Denmark) came to the UnitedStates at age 22, leaving behind twosisters, Stine and Karen. They settledin Lawler, Franklin County, Iowa,where Jens filed his intent to become aU.S. citizen.Their first child (my aunt) was born

on Dec. 10, 1897, and named Ella Mar-garet. The family moved to Bowbells,Burke County, North Dakota, and Jensbecame a naturalized citizen in Octo-

ber of 1904.Subsequent children were born in

North Dakota: Vigo in 1900, Edwardin 1902, Edith in 1904, Julia in 1906,and Carrie (Carol, my mother) in1909. Grandmother Anna died of tu-berculosis on Sept. 18, 1911, afterbringing food to a neighboring familyinfected with the disease. This leftElla, age 14, to run the household.The children spoke Danish and

learned to speak English when start-

Souris Valley Danish Society NEWS

Red hair, love of crosswords, passes down

ing school. As was the custom, assoon as children were old enough,they took jobs as live-in workers.When Ella married, Grandpa livedwith them in Bowbells until Juliamarried in 1929; he then made hishome with Julia and her husband ona Flaxton farm until his death in De-cember 1947. Grandpa made numerous visits to

us in Minot. I remember him withgray hair, fascinating crisscrossedwrinkles on his neck, and smoking adelightful-smelling pipe. He liked towork crossword puzzles. Now that Ido crossword puzzles, I know there isa connection. Helping him at age 14, Iwould scan the puzzle until I foundan appropriate answer, would pointto where it should be, and he gal-lantly filled in the word. I’m surewhen I was out of sight, the word wascorrectedly changed!Grandpa was an avid reader and a

gifted writer who wrote several arti-cles and many poems for the BowbellsTribune. An interesting fact whichcame to light recently was that he hadred hair, which passed throughdaughter Julia and grandson Barry togreat-grandson Tim and his children.Grandpa Jens died at age 76 in a

Minot hospital. We can only imaginehow difficult it was to come from an-other country not speaking English,lose a wife and have a houseful ofchildren to support. If he were here, Iwould ask a lot of questions! •

Anna and Jens Hedstrup, age 27, with daughter Ella. (Phototaken in 1898) Inset photo: Jens Hedstrup, 1943.

Old sayings from DenmarkThe best advice is found on the pillow.

No man limps because another is hurt.

A single bag of money is stronger thantwo bags of truth.

Give to a pig when it grunts and a childwhen it cries, and you will have a finepig and a bad child.

Being born in a duck yard does notmatter, if only you are hatched from a swan's egg. — Hans Christian AndersenSomething is rotten in the state of Denmark. —Wm. ShakespeareMan reaches the highest point of lovableness at 12 to 17—to get it back, in asecond flowering, at the age of 70 to 90. —Isak DinesenAn expert is a person who has made all the mistakes that can be made in a verynarrow field. —Niels BohrHe who builds according to every man’s advice will have a crooked house.

Better to ask twice than to lose your way once.


P.O. Box 862Minot, ND 58702


For family history buffs whose kinlived in the United States in 1940,

April 2, 2012, is a milestone date. Onthat day, the 1940 census will be open tothe public via the Internet. The U.S.Census Bureau and the National Ar -chives (NARA) have teamed up tomake this possible. What’s more, it’sfree of charge!While the 1940 census is not indexed,

a helpful hint is to find the EnumerationDistrict (ED) number. One way to findthis number is via the following web-site: stevemorse.org/census/quiz.php.Clicking on the purple-highlightedUni-fied 1940 Census ED Finder takes youto a tutorial on how to access the census.According to familysearch.org, the

LDS website, the 1940 census includesthe following genealogical information:

• Full name, race and age• Street address and house number • Relationship to the head of household (active military personnel in naval yards, army posts, etc.; may use the term “sailor” or list military rank rather than actual relationship to head of household)

• Birthplace of the individual and the parents (included even if the parents were not members of the household)

• Marital status (single, married, widowed, or divorced)

• Year immigrated to the U.S.• Whether a naturalized citizen• Occupation• Native language if foreign-born and whether can speak English

• Whether a military veteranBeginning in 1790, the U.S. federal

census was taken to determine the num-ber of representatives a state could send

Tracing your Scandinavian ROOTS • 36

April 2: Magic date for genealogists

to the House of Representatives. Thecensus has been taken every decadesince. Sadly, only a small portion of the1890 census exists because most of itwas destroyed following a 1921 fire.The 1940 census covers 95 to 97 per-

cent of the population, at a time betweenthe Great Depression and World War II. The census remains a valuable tool

for tracing migrations of families acrossthe United States.Keep in mind, however, that the cen-

sus, while usually reliable, may containerrors. Therefore, information gleanedfrom the census should be checkedagainst other records for accuracy. •

what’s inside - scandinavian heritage park · 2016. 9. 24. · all that dreaming and planning...

Documents