CIVIL WAR: AMERICA AT WAR

What would you do? #1Two siblings share a room. One sibling likes to read in a quiet atmosphere while the other sibling likes to play video games with the volume turned up. They always argue over their room. What would be your solution?

What would you do?

• You are on a field trip with your group. You have $50 dollars to spend. Each person in the group likes a different activity. Your teacher said that the group has to stay together. How do you spend your $50?

• As a state determine which solution works best for your state? Why?

• Compromise: an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions

Think About it

1.What were the challenges of this decision?2. How do you think this relates to government?

KEY CONCEPTS & VOCAB

KEY CONCEPTS & VOCABULARYWhat question does this image ask?

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As the territory of the United States expanded across the continent, would new states become

slave states – or free?

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What did abolitionists want?

United States, 1819• The number of

slave-states equaled the number of free states.

• Would the new states in the Louisiana Territory be allowed to have slavery?

What would be a good COMPROMISE for this situation?

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 quieted the slavery debate for a while

In an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states, the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 quieted the slavery debate for a while

Compromise of 1850

•California was admitted as a “free state”.

•The rest of the territories could decide for themselves whether to permit slavery or not.

•A strong Fugitive Slave Law, strongly opposed by Northerners, required them to return runaway slaves to their owners

Life as a slaveExplain what you think life would be like as a slave

What happened? What do you think were the consequences?

Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831)

Nat Turner (a slave) and six men went from house to house, killing all of the white people they encountered. Turner's force eventually consisted of more than 40 slaves.

In the end, the rebels had stabbed, shot and clubbed at least 55 white people to death.

Nat Turner was eventually captured• He was hanged and

beheaded • In the hysterical

climate that followed the rebellion, close to 200 black people, many of whom had nothing to do with the rebellion, were murdered by white mobs.

Dred Scott Decision

The U.S. Supreme Court had to decide…

Was he a Person or Property?

Dred Scott, a slave from Missouri, went to court and sued for his freedom on the grounds that when his master took him to free territories he was no longer a slave.

Hint: 4 Northern judges, 5 Southern judges

Dred Scott

You are a slave living in America

in 1857. How would you feel after hearing

about the Dred Scott decision?: What would you

think you future is going to be like?

Chief Justice Roger Taney

• Slaves were not citizens, so they could not sue in court

• Slaves were property, so Congress did not have the power to ban slavery in any territory

• Therefore, the Missouri Compromise was “unconstitutional”

• Dred Scott remained a slave

“I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land

will never be purged away but with blood.”

October 16, 1859

America Before the War

US is split into the North and the South

North

Factories

Banks

Urban – city

NorthFreedom for slaves – abolitionists

Wanted a strong government to rule the country

Many different people from different cultures

SouthPlantations, farms

Shipped goods to Europe and the North for money

Rural - country

SouthDepended on slavery

Wanted the states to be in power

Mostly Whites with Blacks as slaves

Reasons for the Civil War: Tariffs

South shipped a lot of goods to Europe and was taxed for this

Anything the South received from Europe was taxed

Reasons for the Civil War: Tariffs

South felt tariffs were unfair

North felt it was fair – needed to protect American goods

Reasons for the Civil War: States’ Rights

South believed the states should have more power than the federal government

South: States should be able to say laws are illegal

North: Federal government should be more powerful than the states

Reasons for the Civil War: Slavery

North: All slaves should be free

South: Leave us alone! Slaves are our property!

South: Needed slaves as free labor to work the cotton fields

North: Slavery is evil!

Reasons for the Civil War: Spread of Slavery

North: Didn’t want slavery to spread to the West

South: States should be able to be admitted to the US as slave states

Reasons for the Civil War: Abraham Lincoln

Election of Lincoln angered the South

South: Lincoln would not treat the South fairly

South: Lincoln likes abolitionists

North: Lincoln wants to keep the US together as one union

South: If Lincoln is elected, we are going to secede!

The Union Splits!South Carolina is the 1st state to secede from the Union Dec. 20, 1860

10 other states secede after South Carolina

Confederacy (South) vs. Union (North)

4 border slave states stay with the Union: Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri

VocabularyCivil War: a war that is between the

people of one countryAbolitionists: people who are against

slaveryTariff: a taxSecede/Secession: withdrawing from a

union or a groupCompromise: an agreement or a

settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions

Closing QuestionWhich reason do you think was

the main reason for the Civil War? Why?