what were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/lab1_brain-neurons-spikes.pdf ·...
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![Page 1: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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What were neurons invented for?
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![Page 2: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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“To move things is all that mankind can do...for such the sole executant is muscle, whether in whispering a syllable or in felling a forest.”
Charles Sherrington 1924
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“Sensorimotorsystem”
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Sensors
Brain
Muscles
![Page 3: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain(and Matlab)
Neuroscience primer:Brain & neuronMembrane potentialAction potentialSynaptic transmission
• Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab• Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online
![Page 4: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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SENSINGACTING!
The Brain
• Approximately 1011 neurons in a human brain• Approximately 1015 synapses connecting them
visualcortex
motor cortex(voluntary movement)
prefrontal cortex(planning;working memory)
brainstem(involuntary, reflexive behaviors)
cerebellum(movement coordination
movement learning)
![Page 5: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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Neurons and synapses (~10-3 mm)
10 μm
Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain(and Matlab)
Neuroscience primer:Brain & neuronMembrane potentialAction potentialSynaptic transmission
• Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab• Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online
![Page 6: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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Neurons send fast long-distance signals
Membranepotential:chargeimbalance
![Page 7: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
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+
-65mV
-
Theelectricalpropertiesofneuronsarewhatenablesthemtoregulateeveryaspectofbehavior.
Membranepotentialakamembranevoltageisthedifferencebetweentheelectricpotentialoutsidevs insidethecell:Vm=Vin– Vout
![Page 8: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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Addingpluscharge(positivecurrent)insidethecellmakestheinsidelessnegativecomparedtotheoutside
16http://howmed.net/physiology/action-potential/
![Page 9: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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Spikes!Firing rate = (number of spikes)/(time)
Excitation: higher firing rate Inhibition: lower firing rateand membrane is hyperpolarized
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http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~uzwiak/AnatPhys/APFallLect18.html
Propagation
![Page 10: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain(and Matlab)
Neuroscience primer:Brain & neuronMembrane potentialAction potentialSynaptic transmission
• Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab• Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online
Neuron-to-neuron Synapse
![Page 11: What were neurons invented for? - cs.wellesley.educs125/slides/LAB1_Brain-Neurons-Spikes.pdf · •Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab •Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online. 6 1/25/17 Neurons](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051913/6003d671129394557f6d2687/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
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