What Programming Language Should We Use Tomorrow

Kim Young

Soo

Introduction

Introduction

Language is a religion

• So, what language do you believe?

• So, what language should we use

tomorrow?

We should choose the language which is

good for our purpose

Contents

Introduction

Trends and Languages

• Multi-core

• Productivity

• Other trends

Conclusion

MULTI-CORE PROCESSLanguage for multi-core parallel programming

CPU Clock Limit

Intel Pentium 4 640 (3.2GHz)\62,900

Intel Core 2 Duo E6600 (2.4GHz)\221,840

Trend is Multi-Core

Single Core, Dual Core, Quad Core…

• Intel Developed 8-Core “Gainestown”

As Mr.Lee Presented…

Functional Language is good for

programming for Multi-core processes

• Pure function

• Optimization

Thread Safe!

• Haskell provides STM (transaction memory)

Parallel Programming in Haskell

Parallel Programming in C

OpenMP

• We can just use “#prgma omp” directive

• Little more complex than Haskell’s case

But… Really ‘Little’?

• NO!

Speed of Functional Language

Very Slow

• Lazy Evaluation

• List Processing

• Garbage Collection

• Etc..

Trend is Multi-Core…?

Single Core, Dual Core, Quad Core…

• Intel Developed 8-Core “Gainestown”

Changing not so rapidly

• Still, Even quad-core is not so common

• Expensive

But there is…

In my computer, there is a device

which

• Can process numbers faster than CPU!

• Have more core than CPU!

• …more expensive than CPU! OTL

GPU

GPU in the VGA Card

• To Process Graphic Data

Excessive Number of Vertex and Pixel

We need Simple but Many and Fast

Processer

Shading Language

To fully use GPU to process graphic

data

• We need program for GPU : Shader

• Decide GPU’s behavior

Shading Language

Shader in DirectX 8Simple.vsh

vs.1.1dp4 oPos.x, v0, c0dp4 oPos.y, v0, c1dp4 oPos.z, v0, c2dp4 oPos.w, v0, c3

dp3 oD1, v3, -c4

mov oD0, c5mov oT0, v7

Shading Language

DirectX 9 Provides HLSLPS_OUT ps( PS_IN In ){ PS_OUT Out = ( PS_OUT ) 0; float4 color; float4 shadow;

color = tex2D( sBase, In.Base.xy ); shadow = tex2D( sShadow, In.Shadow.xy );

color = color * shadow;

Out.Color = color; return Out;}

Shading Language

High-level shading languages

• CG (C for Graphics)

• GLSL (OpenGL)

• HLSL (DirectX)

• C-like languages

Shading Language

And next…?

Graphic Library to Software Rendering

• Tim Sweeney(Epic Games)’s speech in CEDEC 2008

• We need high level language

• Productivity is also important

Basically, shader programming is massive-

parallel

• Shading Language often describe what ‘value’ should

be

• Why cannot be functional?

GPGPU

GPU is not only for shading

• Good to Floating point operations

• High-end VGA Card’s has >1 Tflops of

computing power

• GPU for General Purpose

GPGPU

NVidia Supports CUDA for GPGPU

• C-like GPGPU program language

• Tesla series graphic card for CUDA

Revolution Started!

GPGPU

GPGPU

C-like language is not enough

• Will you only use assembly to single thread?

• More high-level

• Language for Parallel computing

Functional?!

Functional is not a Panacea

Difficult for common programmers in field

• IO, GUI programming

• Procedural Algorithms

• Flow control

• Why we are still using QWERTY keyboard?

Evaluation cost

PRODUCTIVITYEasiness of programming

Productivity for Small Program

Easiness is the most important

• For programmer

• Not for programmer

Labview

Matlab

Script Language

Python, Ruby, JavaScript and etc..

Very easy to learn

• Simple grammar

• Doesn’t need to consider everything

Some weakly-dynamic typed language

• Easy

• More Intuition Friendly

Productivity for Big program

Big and Bigger!

• Mabinogi :

• Windows XP :

• Mac OS X 10.4 :

• Debian 4.0 :

1,000,000 Lines

86,000,000 Lines

283,000,000 Lines

40,000,000 Lines

Productivity for Big program

Gears of WarGameplay Code~250,000 lines C++, script code

Gears of WarGameplay Code~250,000 lines C++, script code

Unreal Engine 3 Middleware Game Engine~250,000 lines C++ code

Unreal Engine 3 Middleware Game Engine~250,000 lines C++ code

DirectXGraphics

DirectXGraphics

OpenALAudio

OpenALAudio

OggVorbisMusicCodec

OggVorbisMusicCodec

SpeexSpeechCodec

SpeexSpeechCodec

wxWidgetsWindowLibrary

wxWidgetsWindowLibrary

ZLibDataCompr-ession

ZLibDataCompr-ession

…

Productivity for Big program

Modularity

• Functional Language, OOP…

Reliability

• Memory operation

• Type checking

Concurrency

• I already mentioned about concurrency

OTHER TRENDSWeb 2.0, Cloud Computing

Web 2.0

Based on web application

• Dynamic web page

• Web based application

Programming Languages?

• Mainly Framework Based

• Easy, Browser-friendly language needed

Cloud Computing

Server program should be parallel

Consider browser and network

CONCLUSIONFunctional? Script? and…

Conclusion

Multi-core Trend

• Concurrency is very important

• High-level language for productivity

• Functional can be answer

Conclusion

Productivity is very ‘very’ important

• For small program

Easy script language can be answer

• For big program

Must be well-moduled High-Level language

Functional language can be answer

C# is under developing

C#

• structured, imperative, object-oriented,

event-driven, functional, static-strong typed

Microsoft is providing and developing

useful paradigm and functions

My Recommendation

Learn and use

• Haskell

• Python or Ruby or Perl

• C#

• And Assembly, C, C++, Delphi , HDL, Java,

Matlab, Labview, Lex, Lua, Prolog, Regular

Expression, Visual Basic…

Reference

Tim Sweeney's talk at POPL06 and

CEDEC 2008

Wikipedia

Google Image Search

Thanks for your attention