What Makes Up Matter?

• Atom- Small particle that makes up types of matter.

• Law of Conservation of Matter- Matter is not created or destroyed… it only changes form.

• Atoms are made of subatomic particles– Protons– Neutrons– Electrons

Protons

• Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of the atom.

• Give the atom it’s Atomic # when organized in the periodic chart.

Neutrons

• Neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of the atom.

• Neutrons + Protons = Atomic Mass

Electrons

• Negatively charged subatomic particles found in the energy clouds of the atom (orbit the atom in shells)

• Electrons react with other electrons from other atoms to form molecules through chemical bonds.

Evolution of the Atom Model

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=-4Us5PTb4J8

Bonding Electrons = Molecules

2 Types of Bonds

• Covalent Bond- a chemical bond when atoms share electrons.

• Polar Covalent Bond- a chemical bond when atoms share electrons unevenly.

• Ionic Bond- when oppositely charged ions attract and bond (ion = charged atom).

Covalent Bond

Ionic Bond