what is writing? · – ch1: introduction – ch2: survey (background) – ch3: study – ch4:...
TRANSCRIPT
What is Writing?
How do you answer this question?
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Why Write?
Express ideas Communicate ideas
– Pre-history – History
Document ideas Thinking Tool
– Write – Revise – Rewrite
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Writing Styles
Literature – Prose – Poetry
Literary Criticism History
– Record keeping (taxes) – Population census
Folk Myths and Tales – Identity (tribal/national)
Documentation Instructions Learning Guides
– Text books (Student) Exercises
– Notes – Blogs – Essays
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Academic Writing
Note taking – summaries, overviews Project documentation Essays Dissertations: B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., …. Presentations Critical Reviews Writing as a learning process
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Academic Writing: Structure
A MODEL (organisation) – Abstract – Table of Contents – Ch1: Introduction – Ch2: Survey (background) – Ch3: Study – Ch4: Results – Ch5: Conclusion – References – Appendices
Synthesis – Your own words – Other sources
Quotation Paraphrase Summary
Abstract (max 250 words)
Executive Summary – (1 page)
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Text Analysis
The main idea of a text should be clear
(the “red thread”) – I will show X
stated in the abstract stated in the
introduction supported by rest of the
text reiterated in the
conclusion
intro
survey
exp
result
concl
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Citations (quotations) and References
“The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Outside of these states, it has a special status in Jersey and Guernsey (two of the three Crown Dependencies), Gibraltar (one of the British overseas territories), Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In other parts of Europe, English is spoken mainly by those who have learned it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the English speaking world.
The English language is the official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.”
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language_in_Europe
06/11/2014 APS - Research 8
Citations (quotations) and References
“The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. […]
The English language is the official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.”
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language_in_Europe
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Citations (quotations) and References
In considering native speakers, Wiki [1] states that “The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland”. From these countries, the language has spread to other parts of the world.
Embedded text. Used for short quotations.
06/11/2014 APS - Research 10
Citations (quotations) and References
In considering native speakers, Wiki [1] states that
“The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland.”
From these countries, the language has spread to other parts of the world.
Separated text. Used for longer quotations.
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Citations (quotations) and References
Let us consider English in Europe. Wiki [1] states that “The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in
the United Kingdom and Ireland. Outside of these states, it has a special status in Jersey and Guernsey (two of the three Crown Dependencies), Gibraltar (one of the British overseas territories), Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In other parts of Europe, English is spoken mainly by those who have learned it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the English speaking world.
The English language is the official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.”
From these countries, the language has spread to other parts of the world. Separated text. Indented. Used for longer quotations.
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Misquotation! Plagiarism!
“The English language in Europe, as a national language, is mostly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In other states, it has a special status in Jersey and Guernsey (two of the three Crown Dependencies), Gibraltar (one of the British overseas territories), Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In the rest of Europe, English is used mainly by those who have learned it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the United Kingdom.
The English language is an official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.”
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language_in_Europe
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Misquotation! Plagiarism!
The English language in Europe, as a national language, is mostly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In other states, it has a special status in Jersey and Guernsey (two of the three Crown Dependencies), Gibraltar (one of the British overseas territories), Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In the rest of Europe, English is used mainly by those who have learned it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the United Kingdom.
The English language is an official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.
NO QUOTATION MARKS AND NO SOURCE!!!!!
06/11/2014 APS - Research 14
Plagiarism & URKUND
URKUND is a tool used by many departments within the University to detect plagiarism! – Copying of text without references – Copying of text without quotation marks – Copying and changing of text
You may be reported to the University Discipline Committee when found out!
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Paraphrasing
The text is in your own words You still need to give a reference According to Wiki [1], English is mainly
spoken as a native language in the UK and Ireland. Outside of these areas the language is also used in …
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This is NOT paraphrasing!
The English language in Europe, as a national language, is mostly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In other states, it has a special status in Jersey and Guernsey (two of the three Crown Dependencies), Gibraltar (one of the British overseas territories), Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In the rest of Europe, English is used mainly by those who have learned it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the United Kingdom.
The English language is an official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, Malta, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.
NO QUOTATION MARKS AND NO SOURCE!!!!! A few words changed!
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Summarising
The text is in your own words You still need to give a reference According to Wiki [1], the English language
is native to the UK and Ireland but is also used in Jersey, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Malta and Cyprus and is an official language of the EU.
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Sources – find your tradition
Smith [1] presents important ideas… Smith1 presents important ideas… Smith [Smith 89] presents important ideas…
Check with your department Get help from the library Look at other dissertations for example
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References – find your tradition
[1] Smith A.P., Towards a theory of Everything, (CUP 1989)
[Smith 89] Smith A.P., Towards a theory of Everything, (CUP 1989)
Check with your department Get help from the library Look at other dissertations for example
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Karlstad University Library
Referencing – see http://www.kau.se/en/library/referencing
Internet References – see http://www.kau.se/sites/default/files/Dokument/subpage/2010/09/harvard_engelska_2010_novx_pdf_71388.pdf
Plagiarism – see http://www.bi.hik.se/Refero_eng/1intro.php
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Writing Style(s)
Who did this? I do not know – it was not me! Who did this? I don’t know – it wasn’t me! Wha did this? Ah dinnae ken – it wisnae me!
Je ne sais pas! formal Je sais pas! informal Chais pas moi! dialect / street
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Summary
Thinking Tool – Write / revise / rewrite
Your own words + Other ideas (give sources)
– Quotation – Paraphrase – Summary
Organisation – Abstract / TOC – Introduction – Survey – Study – Results – Conclusions – References & Apps