what is the workflow for hard rock visual core description and
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What is the Workflow for Hard Rock Visual Core Description and How Will it
Benefit from CoreWall?Clive R. Neal
Department of Civil Eng. & Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA [[email protected]].
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Hard Rock CoresIgneous and Metamorphic.
Igneous: lava, hyperbyssal, cumulate.
Metamorphic: schist, gneiss, etc.
Volcaniclastic: hyaloclastite; lapilli tuff, scoraceous tuff.
Examples from ODP Leg 183 (Kerguelen Plateau) and Leg 197 (Emperor Seamounts).
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ODP Leg 183, Kerguelen Plateau: Site 1137
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ODP Leg 183, Kerguelen Plateau: Site 1137
>100 m of lava flows and interbedded volcaniclastic sediments in basement sequence.
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ODP Leg 197, Site 1203: Detroit Seamount
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ODP Leg 197, Site 1203: Detroit Seamount~450 m of interbedded volcaniclastics and lava flows in basement sequence.
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Hard Rock CoresData to be Captured:CrystallinityGrain Size & ShapeMineralogy (type & abundance)
Texture (subophitic, variolitic,granoblastic, foliated)
Foliation (gneissose, schistose)Vesicles: size, shape,
abundance, typeAlteration (% of total alteration)Secondary minerals
(type & abundance)Structure (fracture orientation)
Veins: size and fillPhenocryst type & abundanceGroundmass mineralogy
(type & abundance)
Volcaniclastic deposits: scoria,ash, tuff, lapilli
Unit boundariesGeochemistry
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ODP Leg 183, Site 1137: Conglomerate
Gneiss
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ODP Leg 183, Site 1137: ConglomerateFOV = 2.5 mm
Garnet-Biotite Gneiss
FOV = 1.25 mm
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Volcaniclastic Deposits
Lapilli tuff; Glass Shards(crystal-vitric tuff).
(FOV = 1.25 mm)
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Volcaniclastic DepositsBasaltic Tephra Deposits
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Basalt LavaPahoehoe and A’a
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Basalt Lava
Pahoehoe: P-Type; Spongy; Slab; Spiny; Rubbly.
Pillow lava
A’a
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Lava Lobe Structures
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PahoehoeLava Lobe Structure
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Hybrid Pillow-Pahoehoe Lava
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Pillow Lobe Structure
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Vesicles
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VesiclesVesicles in Hawaiian lava flow
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Core sectionVesicularityMax. and Avg. sizeDensitySphericityAngularityGradingVesicle Fill (%)
Vesicles
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Vesicles
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Vesicles
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Unit Boundaries
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Unit Boundaries
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Phenocrysts
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THIN SECTION: 81 192-1183A-66R-2(4B) 60-66 Unit:7 OBSERVER: MG, CRN. WJC, PRCROCK NAME: WHERE SAMPLED:GRAIN SIZE:TEXTURE:PRIMARY PERCENT PERCENT APPROX.MINERALOGY PRESENT ORIGINAL min. max. av. COMP. MORPHOLOGY COMMENTSPHENOCRYSTSolivine 0 2 0.05 0.6 0.4 Subhedral to euhedral Clay pseudomorphs after olivinePlagioclase <<1 <<1 Elongated subhedral lath
GROUNDMASSplagioclase 50 50 0.02 0.08 0.03 Acicular to elongated laths Feathery in subvariolitic areasclinopyroxene 35 35 0.06 0.2 0.1 Anhedralmesostasis 0 10
Titanomagnetite 3 3 <0.01 Skeletal to elongated trellis Interstitial; UnalteredSulfides trace trace <<0.01 Bleb Inclusions in groundmass and in mesostasis
SECONDARYMINERALOGY PERCENT min. max. av. REPLACING / FILLING COMMENTSbrown/green clay 12 Olivine/Mesostasis
VESICLES/CAVITIES PERCENT LOCATION min. max. av. FILLING / MORPHOLOGY COMMENTSMiarolitic cavities 5 0.5 1.8 0.5 Equant angular to elongated Completely filled with green clays
VEINS PERCENT LOCATION min. max. av. FILLING / MORPHOLOGY COMMENTScalcite 75 spheruliticchalcedony 20 spheruliticquartz 5 anhedral equantCOMMENTS :
SIZE (mm)
SIZE (mm)
Sparsely olivine-phyric basaltmassive interiorFineSubophitic to interstal with subvariolitic patches
SIZE (mm)
OPAQUE MINERALS
A vein cross-cuts the thin section. Elongated miarolitic cavities are ~perpendicular to the vein. Only one equant angular cavity is observed, it is close to the vein and filled with a blue mineral in addition to the same green clays that fill the other mi
SIZE (mm)
Igneous Thin Section Description Sheet
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Phenocrysts
Euhedral, Subhedral, Anhedral
FOV = 2.5 mm
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Summary: Data to be CapturedCrystallinityGrain Size & ShapeMineralogy (type & abundance)
Texture (subophitic, variolitic, granoblastic, foliated)
PhotomicrographsFoliation (gneissose, schistose)Vesicles: size, shape,
abundance, type
Alteration (% of total alteration)Secondary minerals
(type & abundance)Structure (fracture orientation)
Veins: size and fillPhenocryst type & abundanceGroundmass mineralogy
(type & abundance)
Volcaniclastic deposits: scoria,ash, tuff, lapilli
Unit boundariesGeochemistry
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