what is meiosis?
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What is Meiosis?. - Cell division to form sex cells where the offspring inherits genes from both parents. What are homologous chromosomes?. One chromosome lined up from each parent – there are 23 pairs of these. WHAT ARE SEX CELLS?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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What is Meiosis?
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-Cell division to form sex cells where the offspring inherits genes from both parents
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What are homologous chromosomes?
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One chromosome lined up from each parent – there are 23 pairs of these
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WHAT ARE SEX CELLS?
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GAMETES: They have half the normal number of chromosomes for that particular species (haploid – 23 chromosomes in
humans)
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What is a Karyotype?
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chromosomes of an individual are lined up as pairs from the largest to the smallest – tells about an individual’s sex and any
chromosomal disorders
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What do the chromosomes of males and females look like?
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XY – maleXX female
23rd pair of chromosomes
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Name 3 different types of disorders caused by meiosis complications
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1- Turner Syndrome – missing an X chromosome (affects girls)
2 – Klinefelter Syndrome - additional X chromosome (affects boys)
3-Down Syndrome – extra 21st chromosome (boys + girls)
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What is an Allele?
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Both mom and dad donate this TRAIT to their offspring
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What is the difference between haploid and diploid?
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Haploid = half the genetic information (sex cell)
Diploid = double the genetic information when 2 haploid cells
join to form a ZYGOTE
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What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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2 identical vs. 4 different daughter cells, haploid vs diploid genetic info
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What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids?
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Chromosome vs. a single strand
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What is it called when there is an “exchange” of genetic material between homologous chromosomes permitting diversity among a species?
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Crossing over
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Meiosis has 2 phases – M1 + M2 – what part of IPMAT is missing between the 2 phases?
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Interphase is skipped and cells go right into prophase II
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Steps for Meiosis:P (!)
M (I)A (I)T (I)
CYTOKENESISPIIMIIAIITII
CYTOKINESIS
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What does the “genome” of an individual tell a researcher?
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Total genetic information about an individual