What is matter?Essential Questions: How does one determine what matter is made of?

Chemistry0The study of matter, the structure of

matter, properties of matter, and how matter reacts.

0So, what exactly is matter?

What exactly is matter?0 There are 2 short informational articles on matter in the science folder.

0 Select one article for yourself and one for your partner.

0 Read your article silently and record what you thought about the topic on the “Think-Pair-Share” sheet.

0 When you are both done doing this, share what you learned from your article and record what your partner thought after reading their article.

0 Discuss what matter is and come up with a combined answer for what matter is in the 3rd box.

Let’s Review What We Know About Matter…

Matter• Matter takes up space

• Matter has mass

• Matter is everywhere around us

• Matter exists in 4 forms: solid, liquid, gas, or plasma

• All matter is made of atoms

Matter0 Matter is anything that

takes up space and has mass.

0 With your partner, name 3 things in the room that contain matter.

0 Think about the definition that you created with your partner for matter. Use it to help you complete the sort.

Sorting Activity:

1. With your partner, review your sort cards and categorize them into 3 piles:

matter not matter unsure

2. Be ready to defend your answers. Can you prove that it has mass and takes up space?

How would you prove it?

MatterMatter Defined… Is Air Matter? Let’s find out.

0 Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

0 With your partner, name 3 things in the room that contain matter?

0Does it take up space?

0Does it have mass?

0 What can you conclude about air?

Not everything is matter. The following are not matter.

Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

Chemistry0The study of matter, the structure of

matter, properties of matter, and how matter reacts.

0This is our focus for the next few day’s lessons.

To Access WebQuest Simulator: phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build-an-atom w

Let’s Explore Atoms Further

You will need to take notes on the following as we explore together as a group:

Atomic structure Atomic number Atomic mass

Atoms0 Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. All

matter is made of atoms.

0 Atoms are too small to see without powerful microscopes.0 They are like the Legos of the world

AtomsAll Legos have similar structures that help them connect to other Lego pieces.

The Legos can combine in many different ways to create an almost infinite number of items.

Like Legos, atoms have similar structures that help them connect to other atoms.

Atoms can also be combined in different ways to create an almost infinite number of combinations that make up all of the matter around us.

AtomsJust like Lego pieces, all atoms have similar structures that allow them to connect to each other, but not all atoms look exactly the same. Lithium atoms look different from carbon atoms.

Even though all Legos have similar structures that allow them to connect to each other, not all Lego pieces look exactly the same.

The Periodic Table

0 All matter on planet earth is made up of only these atoms found on the periodic table of elements.

0 They combine, like Legos to create all matter!

How are atoms like Legos?

Turn & Talk

Remembering the Parts of an Atom

0Protons: have a positive charge and are located in the center of the nucleus

oNeutrons: do NOT have a charge and are located in the center of the nucleus

oElectrons: have a negative charge and are located on the outside of the nucleus

Subatomic Particles

These are the structures of the atom that determine how it will act & who it can connect to.

How Exactly Does Attraction Work?

0 Take 1 strip of plastic bag from the science folder.

0 Hold the plastic strip firmly at one end. Then grasp the plastic strip between the thumb & fingers of your other hand as shown.

0 Quickly pull your top hand up & down, letting it run through your fingers 3-4 times.

Attraction Data ChartMaterials Attract or

Repel Explain

Negatively charged plastic

& positively charged

skin

Negatively charged plastic

& neutral desk

Negatively charged plastic & negatively

charged plastic

Headline News: Electrons are attracted to Positive Protons!

Opposites Attract:The negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged protons in the core or center of the atom. They orbit the atom because of this attraction.

This is similar to the moon orbiting the earth because of its gravitational attraction.

Atom Attraction

0 The positive protons in the nucleus would normally repel each other…causing the atom to be unstable.

0 The neutrons neutralize their charge so they don’t repel each other. This allows the atom to become stable.

Use the following words to explain to someone the structure of the atom:attractionpositively charged protons neutral neutronsnegatively charged electrons

What are the structures that all atoms have?

Electron Cloud:• Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Nucleus:• Dense body in the center

of the atom – the brain

• Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus.

Why is most of the mass in the nucleus?

Let’s find out!

Most of the mass is in the nucleus or “brain”

0 Inside this one cubic centimeter, there are...

45,000,000,000,000,000,000atoms

0 Most of the mass in an atom is in the nucleus (which is why the atomic mass comes from adding the protons & neutrons…because they are the “in crowd” found in the nucleus)

0 In the electron cloud…there is mostly air and few electrons. This is why electrons don’t add significant weight to the atomic mass.

How do we “read” this?0 Where is most of the mass

in an atom?

0 What structures of the atom are there?

0 How do you calculate the atomic mass?

Atomic #

Element Symbol

Element Name

Atomic Mass

How do we “read” this?

0 What does the atomic # tell us?

tomic # roton #

lectron #

Atomic #

Element Symbol

Element Name

Atomic Mass

APE

Let’s Review

Let’s Review

Atoms

0Different types of Matter are made of different atoms

Neon is made up of atoms of neon!

Oxygen is made up of atoms of oxygen!

Atoms

0 What’s different about these 2 atoms?

0 What do the numbers on the cards represent?

Neon is made up of atoms of neon!

Oxygen is made up of atoms of oxygen!

Atomic Number

Atom

ic M

ass

Element Symbol

Element Name

Atomic Number

# of protons?# of electrons?

Atomic Mass

APE

# of protons

# of electrons

tomic #

Atomic Number

Protons:Neutrons:

3Atomic M

ass

Neutrons734

4Most of the mass in an atom is in the “brain” or nucleus. The atomic mass is the sum of the protons & neutrons!

Atomic mass-

# of protons

It’s Packet Practice Time!

Let’s see what we know…

Let’s Build One…

© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200534 of 25

Quick Check – match the element card to its atom model

Element Card Atom Model