What is Marketing ?

Dr. Ahmad Javed AskarzaiPhD Economics

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Good Companies sells.

● Met Needs

Great Companies Sells.

● Unmet Needs

What is Marketing?

What is Marketing?

FMarketing is all about:

1. Public Relation

2. Sales Promotion

3. Advertising

4. Pricing

5. Distribution

6. Profit

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What is Marketing?

Public Relation

FPublic relations includes ongoing activities to ensure the overallcompany has a strong public image. Public relations activities includehelping the public to understand the company and its products.

How does it differ from advertising?

FPublic relations is the opposite of advertising. In advertising, you pay tohave your message placed in a newspaper, TV or radio spot.

In public relations, the article that features your company is not paid for.

The reporter, whether broadcast or print, writes about or films your companyas a result of information he or she received and researched.

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What is Marketing?

Sales Promotion

Sales promotion aims to provide a short-term boost to sales. salespromotion looks for alternatives that are more cost-effective -costing less to implement but providing a bigger increase in sales.

There are two basic types of sales promotions

1. Trade Promotions: The schemes, discounts, freebies,commissions and incentives given to the trade (retailers,wholesalers, distributors..) to stock more, push more andhence sell more of a product come under trade promotion

2. Consumer sales promotions: are advertised in public media toattract consumers attention, This schemes are floated mostlyin festival times, like EID days New years or Christmas

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What is Marketing?

Advertising

Advertising is a means of communication with the users of a product orservice.

In today's world, advertising uses every possible media to get its messagethrough.

ü Television

ü Print (newspapers, magazines, journals etc)

ü Radio

ü Press

ü Internet ( Facebook, Google, Twitter, Instagram, Linked In …..)

ü Direct selling

ü Billboards

ü Mailers

ü Sponsorships

ü Posters

ü Clothes

ü Colors

ü visuals and even people.7

What is Marketing?

Pricing

• Pricing is the process whereby a business sets theprice at which it will sell its products andservices.Pricing is a fundamental aspect of seven Psof the marketing mix.

• Efficient price is a price that is very close to themaximum that customers are prepared to pay

• Objectives of Pricing• To achieve the financial goals of the company (i.e. profitability)• To fit the realities of the marketplace (will customers buy at that

price?)

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What is Marketing?

Distribution

F Distribution channels in marketing are one of the element of “7 Ps of

marketing mix” placement (distribution). It help the companies to expand

its reach and grow its revenue.

F Types of Distribution.

1. Business-to-business (B2B) distribution occurs between a producer

and industrial users of raw materials needed for the manufacturer of

finished products.

2. Business-to-customer (B2C) distribution: occurs between the

producer and the final user

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What is Marketing?

Distribution

B2B and B2C, Companies can sell through a single distributionchannel or through multiple channels that may include:

– Wholesaler/Distributor– Direct/Internet– Direct/Sales Team– Consultant– Dealer– Retail– Sales Agent/Manufacturer’s Representatives.

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What is Marketing?

Profit

• A financial gain, especially the differencebetween the amount earned and the amountspent in buying, operating, or producingsomething.

This simple statement is often expressed as theprofit identity, which states that• Total profits = total revenue (TR) – total costs (TC)

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What is Marketing?

Questions

Thanks from

Your Atte

ntion! ?

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