What is CD/CM?

When writing about literature, ALWAYS

prove your point!

Use CD/CM to do that.

CD•CD = Concrete Detail

•What does concrete mean?

Concrete Details INCLUDE

• Facts• Evidence• Illustrations• Can Touch It• Can Point to It

•Quotations

• Use quotations and parentheses to give credit to the author.

• So, Give credit: Using Quotations & Citations

•Cite your source with last name and page number of the book.

Concrete Detail

FOR EXAMPLE In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had almost decided that I dreamed the outside world and there was nothing real but baloney sandwiches and the civil war and the old church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton 79). 

…mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).  

 

•Note the punctuation.        The period comes after the parenthesis.

FOR EXAMPLE In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had almost decided that I dreamed the outside world and there was nothing real but baloney sandwiches and the civil war and the old church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).  …mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).  

 

•Note the citation.        There is NO punctuation inside the parentheses.

FOR EXAMPLE In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says, “I had almost decided that I dreamed the outside world and there was nothing real but baloney sandwiches and the civil war and the old church and the mist in the valley” (Hinton 79).  

In The Outsiders, Ponyboy says,

 

•USE A LEAD-IN to introduce the writer or speaker, followed by a comma.

Review• CD’s need…

– A lead in to introduce the writer or speaker. Guy de Maupassant writes,

– Quotation marks WITHOUT punctuation Guy de Maupassant writes, “She sat waiting on

a chair in her ball dress, without strength to go to bed, overwhelmed, without fire, without a thought”

– A Citation. …without a thought” (Maupassant 4).

CM

CM = Commentary

CM = Commentary• Opinion• Judgment• Argument• Guess• Slant• Assumption• YOUR VOICE• YOUR IDEAS

Commentary

Provide your INTERPRETATION using your own VOICE, IDEAS,

and OPINIONS.

CM

• Should be interesting• Should be insightful• DO NOT state the obvious

• YOU ARE THE INTERPRETOR of the author’s message.

• YOU ARE THE COMMENTATOR

CoMmentary•This shows that…

•This means…

•This proves…

Put it all together

Guy de Maupassant writes, “She sat waiting on a chair in her ball dress, without strength to go to bed, overwhelmed, without fire, without a thought” (Maupassant 4). This shows that the protagonist is passive, unwilling to take action in order to change her fate or station in life.

– Lead-In, CD (Citation 3). CM