What elements of a society’s worldview might lead to a desire to create an empire?

COLUMBUS AND SPANISH WORLDVIEW

We will read the story on page 193

Keep in mind these two questions as we read:

What factors do you think influenced Columbus to want to want to embark on this journey?

Why might the Spanish Monarchs be hesitant to support him?

WORLDVIEW INQUIRY QUESTION

What elements of societies worldview might lead to a desire to create an empire?

WHATS IN THE PICTURE?

Look at the picture of Christopher Columbus from page 192 and 104 and compare them using this question.

What impression do you get about him from this portrait?

Remember to think about the Facts, Questions that you may have and an message or reasoning for the picture.

PORTRAITS OF COLUMBUS

MUSLIM SPAIN: AL-ANDALUS

Read page 196 and describe the reasons why Muslims were able to take over Spain

Read the rest of page 196 and 197 on your own and explain the impacts of Muslim rule in Spain.

Using page 200 of your textbook identify the reasons why Muslims lost control of Spain.

Include these pieces of information

in the Geography flap of your book

COMPLETE IN THE GLORY AND GOLD SECTION OF YOUR FLAPBOOKUSING PAGES 207 - 212

GEOGRAPHY AND RELIGIONImportant things to note when

considering Spain’s

geography.

- The Iberian Peninsula

Included both Spain and

Portugal.

- The Strait of Gibraltar

separates the Northern tip

of Africa with the Southern

tip of Spain.

MUSLIM SPAIN: AL-ANDALUSWHY WERE MUSLIM FORCES ABLE TOTAKE OVER SPAIN?

Internal struggles and a series of weak leaders left Spain venerable to attack.

By 711 Muslim forces had crossed the strait of Gibraltar and in a few years they conquered the almost the whole Iberian Peninsula.

They created a great sense of national unity they created many large buildings and mosques.

WHAT WERE THE IMPACTS OF MUSLIM RULE?

Spain became apart of a vast trading empire as the Islamic world was the largest trading zone in the world.

They included many people from different cultures, with their own traditions. This allowed people to share ideas.

Muslin leaders and wealthy citizens supported the arts. As in the renaissance, art, music, and architecture reflected Islamic values.

IMPACTS OF MUSLIM RULE CONTINUED………Cordoba, Seville, and Granada, became great

centers of learning which valued understanding the

universe and leading an ethical life.

They focused on the sciences and medicines.

Muslim society was rather tolerant of other religions.

LOSING CONTROLWHY DID MUSLIM FORCES LOSE CONTROL OF SPAIN?

A series of ineffective leaders led to a period of civil unrest, this lead to the creation of a number of independent principalities, or states.

The loss of a unified state resulted in fighting among local leaders.

THE RECONQUISTA PG. 200The Reconquista began as a way for the Christian

kingdoms to expand their power and influence.

It was also a war based on religious differences.

During these wars the Spanish began to have large

groups of soldiers fight using the same weapon in

tight formations.

The result was the development of a very effective

infantry, and the Spanish brought this effective style

of fighting to the Americas.

GOLD, GLORY AND SPANISH WORLDVIEW

In what ways did the desire for gold shape the Spanish Actions during the 1400s and 1500s?

COMPLETE IN THE GLORY AND GOLD SECTION OF YOUR FLAPBOOKUSING PAGES 207 - 212

Using these pages and the inquiry question as a research guide complete the GOLD and GLORY section of your flap book.

THE COST OF WARGOLD FLAP

The centuries of war fighting for national unity had a large cost. Spain was left with very little money.

The King and Queen of Spain wanted to expand their empire and needed to find new sources of gold to pay for their armies.

Columbus convinced Ferdinand and Isabella that he would find riches as well as people to convert to Catholicism.

Columbus’s goals of becoming rich and famous went hand in hand with the goals of the king and queen.

COMPLETE IN THE GOLD SECTION OF YOUR FLAPBOOKUSING PAGES 207 - 208

A countries gold supply was important because it allowed them to buy natural resources that they did not have. It allowed them to pay for battles against hostile forces in their own countries and protect their national boundaries. Lastly they could pay for wars and fund expeditions to take over territories.

Spain had a shortage of gold because they had to pay for a war, by feeding and training soldiers, buying weapons, and building hospitals.

TWO VOYAGES, THE SAME OR DIFFERENT?

Look at the chart on page 209 how were the two voyages different ?

GAINING PERSONAL WEALTH (GOLD FLAP)

Spanish Nobles had two ways to support themselves, through war and by owning land. They fought for the King and Queen and were rewarded for their work.

The Nobles owned land and took a share of the crops and cattle that the peasants produced.

After the Reconquista there was not enough land to support all the nobles.

GAINING PERSONAL WEALTH (GOLD FLAP)

There was a group of nobles called Hidalgos who never owned land.

Because of their social class they were not willing to take manual labour jobs.

Many turned to businesses or went to America to find fortune.

WEALTH FOR SPAIN: THE ISSUES....Read the section in your text entitled Wealth for Spain on page 207 and 208.

Create an chart to show the advantages and disadvantages of wealth.

Advantages of wealth Disadvantages of wealth

WEALTH FOR SPAIN: THE ISSUES....Read the section in your text entitled Wealth for Spain on page 207 and 208.

Create an chart to show the advantages and disadvantages of wealth.

Advantages of wealth Disadvantages of wealth

- Enables the construction

of new buildings.

- Enables a country to pay

for services they need to

improve the lives of its

citizens

- Enables a government to

reduce taxes

- May lead to a desire to

get more gold, leading to

more wars.

- People may become lazy

and less inventive because

they feel a sense of

entitlement.

TAKING A RISK FOR GLORY

Think Critically: What does this saying mean?

“ The noblest spirit is most strongly attracted to the love of glory.”

TAKING A RISK FOR GLORY: GLORY FLAP

Not all people who took the risk to go to the Americas were looking for riches.

Many people were looking to make a name for themselves. Cortes was one of these people.

THE KNIGHTLY IDEALGLORY FLAP

Stories of chivalry became popular during Spain’ war with Muslim societies.

These stories told of how knights were brave and how the sacrificed themselves for the rest of the soldiers, or overcame huge obstacles.

Either way the soldier would receive fame or fortunes, inspiring many young youth.

The code of chivalry contained the following components, Skill in battle, Loyalty, Fairness, Faith in God.

CODE OF CHIVALRY

To fear God and maintain His Church

To serve the liege lord in valourand faith

To protect the weak and defenseless

To give succour to widows and orphans

To refrain from the deliberate unprovoked violence

To live by honour and for glory

To despise financial reward

To fight for the welfare of all

At all times to speak the truth

To persevere to the end in any

enterprise begun

To respect the honour of women

Never to refuse a challenge from an

equal

Never to turn the back upon a foe

To obey those placed in authority

To guard the honour of fellow knights

To avoid unfairness, meanness and

deceit

To keep faith

CREATE YOUR OWN CODE OF CHIVALRY

Create your own code of chivalry for Canada’s current society which includes the following:

A list of 3 elements for your code and explain why you included each element.

Remember that the code of chivalry usually includes aspects of loyalty, fairness, courage, special skills, obedience, humility.

Compare with a partner and discuss and similarities and differences, consider why these differences and similarities exist.

CREATING A CHRISTIAN SPAINWorldview Inquiry:

In what ways did King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella impose their religious worldview on society?

THE RECONQUISTA

Think Critically...

Define Reconquista.

What was the Reconquista?

Why was it significant?

THE RECONQUISTA – (GEOGRAPHY/GOD)

Look at the map on page 199

What information can you gather from this timeline and map that you think is significant?

THE RECONQUISTA - (GEOGRAPHY/GOD)

Look at the map on page 199

What information can you gather from this timeline and map that you think is significant?

The Reconquista was a long process

starting in about the year 1000 and

by 1469 the only remaining part of

Muslim Spain was Granada. It was

capture on January 2nd, 1492 after

10 years of fighting.

THE RECONQUISTA - (GEOGRAPHY/GOD)

Spain was one again an entirely Christian nation.

The struggle to control Spain effect Isabella’s and Ferdinand’s rule in many ways.

How do you think that these events would have effected their behaviour, actions, or attitudes?

THE SPANISH INQUISITION: GOD FLAP

Read the paragraph on page 203 and answer the following questions:

What was the first step that King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella took to unite Spain?

What was the Spanish Inquisition?

What choices were Muslims and Jewish people given?

How does this show a worldview being forced on someone?

Read pages 205 and 206 and complete the following questions:

What did Ferdinand and Isabella view as a threat to the unity of Catholicism?

What belief held by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand became a part of the Spanish worldview?

Why did the monarch eventually agree to Columbus’s plan?

How did the Spanish show they were dedicated to spreading the Catholic religion?

THE SPANISH INQUISITION: GOD FLAP

The first step that the monarch took to unite Spain was to take over the Spanish Inquisition.

The Spanish Inquisition was a state or government –run court system where church officials put believers of other religious beliefs on trial.

Jewish and Muslims were given the choice to convert or be exiled.

IMPACTS OF REMOVING JEWISH AND MUSLIM CITIZENS - GOD FLAP

Forcing Jewish and Muslims to leave had many negative effects on Spain.

Many of the Jewish, and Muslim people were a large part of the educated middle class. Working as bankers and business people.

This loss of skills made it hard for Spain to grow their economy by the end of the 1400’s.

SAVING SOULS: COMPLETE IN THE GOD SECTION OF YOUR FLAP BOOK

Read pages 205 and 206 and complete the following questions:

What did Ferdinand and Isabella view as a threat to the unity of Catholicism?

What belief held by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand became a part of the Spanish worldview?

Why did the monarch eventually agree to Columbus’s plan?

How did the Spanish show they were dedicated to spreading the Catholic religion?

SAVING SOULS: GOD FLAPAs the Catholic Monarch were pushing all non-Christians out of Spain they began to think about people in other countries. They knew that the Muslims were spreading throughout the Middle East and into Asia. This was viewed as a threat to the unity of Catholicism.

The King and Queen began to believe that they had a religious duty to convert as many people as possible to the Catholic faith. This belief became an important part of the Spanish worldview.

It is for this reason why the Monarchs decided to give Columbus a chance as he promised that there would be millions of people to convert.

The explorers and conquistadors brought with them missionaries who were men and women from religious orders with the authority to teach and convert people to Catholicism.

EXPULSION IN CANADA

Can You think of any groups if people who have been expelled from land in Canada?

Do you think expulsion is ever justified?

EXPULSION IN CANADA

Can You think of any groups if people who have been expelled from land in Canada?

First nations

The Acadians

Japanese Canadians

FOUR CORNERSDo you Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, or Strongly Disagree with the following statement:

Ferdinand and Isabella’s actions during the Spanish Requisition were justified.

Go to the corner that best describes your response choose a team leader who will be your spokes person and explain who your group has chosen that response.