what do you see in this photo? where might this be? what
TRANSCRIPT
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Whatdoyouseeinthisphoto?Wheremightthisbe?Whatchallengesmay
someonelivinghereface?
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SouthAsia
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PhysicalGeography
• India,Pakistan,Bangladesh,Nepal,Bhutan,SriLanka,andtheMaldivesmakeupthesubconCnentofSouthAsia.
• SouthAsiaisverymountainous.• Twohugewallsofmountains,theKarakoramRangeandtheHimalayas,formthenorthernborderofIndiaandseparateSouthAsiafromtherestofAsia.
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PhysicalGeography
• MuchofSouthAsia’swaterdrainsintotheGangesRiver.
• ThetwomajorriversinBangladesharetheBrahmaputraRiverandtheGangesRiver.
• ThemainriversystemrunningthroughPakistanistheIndusRiver
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PhysicalGeography
• TheMaldivesaremadeupofabout1,200smallcoralislands.
• SriLankaliesabout20milesoffthecoastofsoutheasternIndia.Itstropicalclimatewithawetanddryseason.
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Monsoons
• Monsoonsareseasonalwindsthatbringintenserainfallduringpartoftheyear.
• FromMaytoOctober,windsblownorthwardandbringheavyrain.Someareasreceiveasmuchas100inchesofrainfall.
• Summermonsoonrainsirrigatecropsandfillreservoirs.
• Rainscanalsocausedeadlyfloodsandlandslides.
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Monsoons
• FromNovembertoApril,thewintermonsoonsreversethewindsandblowdryairsouthward.
• Verydrywintermonsoonsseasonscandestroycrops.
• PeopleinSouthAsiamustcarefullymanagewaterstoredduringwetmonsoonstouseasdrinkingwaterandtoirrigatecropsduringdrymonsoons.
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Resources&LandUse
• SouthAsia’snaturalresourcesrangefromIndia’shugecoaldepositstoSriLanka’spreciousandsemi-preciousstones.
• ThemostimportantresourceinSouthAsiaisit’sarableland.
• FarmsinSouthAsiafeednearly1.5billionpeople.
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GreenRevoluCon
• Despitevastfarmland,IndiaoZensufferedterriblefamines.
• In1966,farmersbeganusingsustainablefarmingtechniquesandnewseedstoincreasecropgrowth.
• ThisrapidandsignificantriseinfoodproducConbecameknownastheGreenRevoluCon.
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PolluCon
• BecauseofSouthAsia’slargepopulaCon,polluConisaproblem.
• Localnon-governmentalorganizaConsandnewlawsinSouthAsiaareaimedatdecreasingpolluCon,conservaCon,andcleaninguppolluCon.
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PolluConinGangesRiver
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EarlyIndianHistory
• NomadicherderscalledtheAryansmigratedfromCentralAsiaintotheIndusRiverValley.
• Aryansocietywasorganizedintodifferentsocialgroupsbasedonancestry,familyCes,andaperson’soccupaCon.
• TheirsocialstructurebecameknownastheCasteSystem
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CasteSystem
• TradiConalIndiansocialstructurewasdividedinto4groups.
• Thepriestandscholarswereatthetop• Thentherulersandwarriors• Nextwerethemerchantsandprofessionals• AtthebocomwerethearCsts,laborers,andservants.
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CasteSystem
• Anunofficial5thgroupwascreatedtoincludethosewhoperformedthelowestjobsinIndiansocietysuchastanninganimalskinsandcollecCnggarbage.Theywereknownasthe“Untouchables”.
• RulesoftheCastesystemwereverystrict.• Peoplecouldnotmarryoutoftheircaste,itwasnearlyimpossibletomoveintoadifferentcaste,andalotofdiscriminaConoccurred.
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CasteSystemToday
• Today,India’sconsCtuConforbidsunfairtreatmentagainstmemberofanycaste.
• ManygroupshaveformedtostruggleagainstsuchdiscriminaCon.
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Whatdoyouthinktheaveragepercapitaincomeisinthiscountry?(Howmuchmoneydoestheaveragepersonmakeeachyear?)Wheredoyouthinkthisis?
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DID YOU KNOW???
Bangladeshisoneofthepoorestandmost-populatedcountriesintheworld.Theaveragepercapitaincomeisabout$150ayear.
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ReligioninSouthAsia
Name Beliefs %of
popula?onSikhism CombinesHinduism&
Islam1%
Buddhism Seevocabnotes 2%
Islam MainlypracCcedinPakistan&Bangladesh
30%
Hinduism Seevocabnotes 63%
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Thelargestdemocracy
• ThedemocraCcgovernmentinIndiafacesmanychallengesingoverningmorethanonebillionciCzens.
• India’sconsCtuConestablishedafederalrepublic.• Workingtowardsa“casteless”societyinIndia.• PopulaCongrowthisthemainchallenge.ThegovernmentisworkingonexpandingitsinfrastructuretoaccommodatethegrowingpopulaCon.
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EconomicGrowth
• Outsourcing,theshiZingofjobstoworkersoutsideacompany,oZeninaforeigncountry,hasbeenabigpartinIndia’seconomicgrowth.
• Ifyoucalltechnicalsupport,yourcallislikelyansweredinIndia.
• WhiletheofficiallanguageinIndiaisHindi,businessandgovernmentisconductedinEnglish.
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EconomicGrowth
• WhilebusinessisexpandinginIndia,75%ofpeoplesCllmakeonly$2.00aday.
• Thegovernmentmustfindwaystoincreaseaccesstoconsumergoods,andincreaseeconomicopportuniCesforall.
• Mircolendingisonewaythatthecountry’sgrowingprosperityreacheseventhepoorestciCzens.
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TheGoldenQuadrilateral
• Indiaismodernizingitsroadwaystosupportitseconomicgrowth.
• In1998,theprimeministerannouncedIndiawouldbuilda3,663milesuperhighwaycalledtheGoldenQuadrilateraltoconnectfourmajorciCes:Delhi,Mumbai,Chennai,andKolkata.
• TheGQisanexampleofIndia’seffortstomodernizeandimproveitsinfrastructure.
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Push/PullFactors
• SouthAsia’sciCesarefacingthechallengesofrapidgrowth.
• TherearemanyslumsinSouthAsia.• Aslumisanareaofacitythathascrowded,uncleanhousing,poorsanitaCon,andbadlivingcondiCons.
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SluminMumbai
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SluminMumbai
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Push/PullFactors
• Push/Pullfactorsarereasonswhypeoplemigrate.
• PushfactorsinSouthAsiainclude:poverty,lackofjobs,poorsanitaCon,hunger.
• PullfactorsinSouthAsiainclude:jobopportuniCes,becereducaCon,cleanwater,electricity.