what do you remember about dna? think about…. structure function building blocks base-pairing
DESCRIPTION
D.N.A Objective: SWBAT review the role of DNA and RNA in order to explain the the relationship between genes and protein. What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing. CONGRATULATIONS!. 1A Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
D.N.AObjective: SWBAT review the role of DNA and RNA
in order to explain the the relationship between genes and protein
• What do you remember about DNA?• Think about….
–Structure–Function –Building blocks –Base-pairing
![Page 2: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CONGRATULATIONS!
• 1A Average:
• Summa Cum Laude:
• Magna Cum Laude:
87%87%
Nathaniel, Da’QuanNathaniel, Da’Quan
Dontashia, Tabitha Dontashia, Tabitha
![Page 3: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CONGRATULATIONS!
• 2A Average:
• Summa Cum Laude:
• Magna Cum Laude:
83%83%
Ayanna, Danielle Holmes, Breahn, Carlos, KaylaAyanna, Danielle Holmes, Breahn, Carlos, Kayla
Melissa, Kristina, Danielle Harley, JP, Cindy, Rodney, Paris, DeJohn
Melissa, Kristina, Danielle Harley, JP, Cindy, Rodney, Paris, DeJohn
![Page 4: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Structure
The structure of DNA is called a …
Double Helix Double Helix
![Page 5: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Function What is the function of DNA? (what is it’s job?)
To store and transmit genetic informationTo store and transmit genetic information
Where is the DNA located in the cell?
The nucleus! The nucleus!
![Page 6: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Building Blocks
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides Nucleotides
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Deoxyribose sugarPhosphate GroupNitrogen-Containing Base
Deoxyribose sugarPhosphate GroupNitrogen-Containing Base
![Page 7: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Base-Pairing
What are the 4 bases found in DNA? ThymineAdenine Cytosine Guanine
ThymineAdenine Cytosine Guanine
What base pairs with what?
T = AC = G T = AC = G
![Page 8: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Suppose you want to design and build a house. How would you communicate your design plans with the construction crew that would work on the house?
![Page 9: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DNA vs. RNA
How do we make proteins from DNA?
![Page 10: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
How does DNA express our genes? • The process of taking instructions from DNA
and making proteins is genetic expression
DNA cannot leave the nucleus of the cell…..but we need to build the proteins OUTSIDE the nucleus…
What are some possible solutions?
PROBLEM!PROBLEM!
![Page 11: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Solution
• A copy of a piece of DNA is made that can travel outside of the nucleus –To do this, the
cell uses RNA
![Page 12: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
DNA vs. RNASimilarities: DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids
made of __________________Differences:
DNA RNA
The sugar is called:
__________________
The sugar is called:
__________________
DNA has ___ complimentary strand meaning it is:
__________________
RNA is transcribed into a
__________________
4 Nitrogen Bases: 4 Nitrogen Bases
nucleotides
deoxyribose ribose
2
double stranded single stranded
A – TG – C
A – UracilG – C
![Page 13: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Our bodies need proteins in order to function correctly. There are two cellular processes in charge of making proteins:
• Transcription: Using DNA to make mRNA (Messenger RNA)• Translation: Using mRNA to make proteins
01. ________ 02. ___________ 03. __________
04. _____________ 05. ___________
Protein Synthesis (TO MAKE, BUILD)
DNA mRNA Protein
TRANSLATIONTRANSCRIPTION
![Page 14: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Transcription: DNA is made into mRNA.• Occurs in the nucleus. • mRNA (messenger RNA) is copy of DNA that
will leave the nucleus to take the instructions out to a ribosome
![Page 15: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Practice with Transcription
• Let’s practice transcription! I’ll give you one strand of DNA, and you complete the complementary strand of RNA.
• (Remember, in RNA replace T with U)
• DNA strand: ATT AGG CCG GAT TAG CCT ATT• RNA strand: UAA UCC G
![Page 16: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
LET’S PRACTICE!
• If the DNA strand was A C T G A C T A, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________.
• If the DNA strand was G C A C C T A T, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________.
• If the mRNA was A U U A A G C A, the DNA strand would be ___________________.
• If the mRNA strand was G G C C G U A A, the DNA strand would be __________________.
U G A C U G A U U G A C U G A U
C G U G G A U AC G U G G A U A
T A A T T C G TT A A T T C G T
C C G G C A T TC C G G C A T T
![Page 17: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Let’s Practice
1. Take 5 minutes to complete the practice problems
2. Compare answers with partner
![Page 18: What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812e01550346895d936018/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Check for Understanding What is the first step in creating proteins?
TranscriptionTranscription
What organelle does it take place in?
Inside the nucleusInside the nucleus
During this transcription, DNA is made into ____
mRNAmRNA
When converting DNA into an RNA strand, thymine is replaced with _________ Uracil (U)Uracil (U)
Why does DNA need to be “transcribed into mRNA?So that the instructions can leave the nucleusSo that the instructions can leave the nucleus