what do we talk about when we talk about dashboards? · difficult to target dashboards for a...
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What Do We Talk About When We Talk About
Dashboards?
Alper Sarikaya, Michael Correll, Lyn Bartram, Melanie Tory, and Danyel Fisher
IEEE InfoVis 2018
http://bit.ly/dashboardconspiracy
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Dashboards arepeoples’ primary access to data-driven thinking
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We ignore dashboardsas a research community
DB007
DB123 DB024 DB121
DB006
DB043
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Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)DB001
DB056
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DB021 DB102
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DB117
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Non-interactivity (definitely not VA-like)
Extremely simplevisuals
Non-expressivevisual language
How do challengeswith dashboards
extend visualizationresearch?
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Non-interactivity (definitely not VA-like)
Extremely simplevisuals
How do challengeswith dashboards
extend visualizationresearch?
Non-expressivevisual language
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Non-interactivity (definitely not VA-like)
Extremely simplevisuals
How do challengeswith dashboards
extend visualizationresearch?
Non-expressivevisual language
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Non-interactivity (definitely not VA-like)
Extremely simplevisuals
How do challengeswith dashboards
extend visualizationresearch?
Non-expressivevisual language
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Two-prong approach
Multi-domain literature review(how do other fields view dashboards?)
Survey of Examples(how are dashboards designed?)
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Lessons from the Field
What does the literature say about dashboard use in practice?
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diversity
Smart Cities
HealthcareEducation
Personal Analytics
Business Intelligence
Social Orgs
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Familiar Challenges
End-user flexibility
Difficult to target dashboards for a diverse range of analysis tasks, goals, and users
Could include: view configuration, what-if analysis, data choice, automatic insights, storytelling & animation…
Visual, analytic, and data literacy
“...most users do not have the time or motivation to learn new software applications. The golden rule is to simplify, simplify, simplify!”
How do we educate users to use new interactions and designs?
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Familiar Challenges
End-user flexibility
Difficult to target dashboards for a diverse range of analysis tasks, goals, and users
Could include: view configuration, what-if analysis, data choice, automatic insights, storytelling & animation…
Visual, analytic, and data literacy/fluency
“...most users do not have the time or motivation to learn new software applications. The golden rule is to simplify, simplify, simplify!”
How do we educate users to use new interactions and designs?
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New challenges —Beyond the dashboard itself
Data is part of the design
Social impact
Accountability, provenance, and trust
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“visual expression of the KPI mindset” [Angrave et al.]
[J. Tucker. How is your school doing?, www.sfgate.com]
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Social Impact and Framing
Drug and alcohol related crime in Atlanta [O’Connell et al., 2016]
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Exploratory Survey of Dashboard Examples
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Exploratory Survey of Dashboard Examples
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Reconcilation (final table?)
Example reconciliation?
Coded examplesReconcile categories
Resolve differences
Code DB001
Strategic Y
Tactical Y
Operational N
Learning N
Audience Org
Vis Literacy +
Requires Domain Knowledge N
Has Construction Aspects N
Has Interactive UI N
Can Modify Data/World N
Alerting+Notification N
Benchmarks Y
Multipage N
Streaming Y
Updatable Y
Highlighting Y
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Categories and Features to Distinguish Dashboards
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Decision Support (+ Learning)
DB064
Strategichigh-level trends; long temporal lag
TacticalMore actionable detailMedium temporal lag
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Decision Support (+ Learning)
StorytellingNarrative structureBuilding context
DB012
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Clusters of Dashboard Designs
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Clusters of Dashboard Designs
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Clusters of Dashboard Designs
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Clusters of Dashboard Designs
• Decision-Making
• Awareness
• Motivation and Learning
• Dashboards Evolved
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Cluster: Decision-Making
DetailsAugments domain
knowledge of viewer
BenchmarksDrives priorityof actionability
DB036
InteractivityAllows viewer to“ask questions”
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Cluster: Awareness
DB020
Designed for AwarenessAll data presented!
Limited interactivityViewer must understand chart intentions(very abstract)
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Cluster: Motivation and Learning
DB117
AnnotationsExplanation of analysis context
Data with no benchmarksAllows viewers to drawtheir own conclusions
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Cluster: Dashboards Evolved
DB007
Designed to tell a storyMulti-page with narrative structure
Visuals augment insights
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Challenges for Vis Research and Practice
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Challenges for Vis Research and PracticeMechanisms to support a diverse range of literacy —supporting experts but scaffolding and guiding novices
DB041
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Challenges for Vis Research and PracticeLook beyond the dashboard – study the social context and impact of dashboard use in the world
DB122
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Challenges for Vis Research and PracticeExtend the data and representational vocabulary —not all concepts can be reduced to KPIs and visual variables
DB101
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Many more tidbits in our paper!
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Dashboards are a great way to get access to users across many disciplines and interests(and potentially motivated users! [e.g. sports])
DB045
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What We Know Is Wrong
Dashboards are more than a collection of visualizations
Consider the “dashboard form” as a holistic piece in data understanding
It’s time to start supporting “individual differences”
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Thank you!
Alper Sarikaya, Michael Correll, Lyn Bartram, Melanie Tory, Danyel Fisher
Paper and Materials http://bit.ly/dashboardconspiracy