“What are the socio-cultural reasons influencing accessibility and acceptability of PHM technologies and practices”

Presenter: James Murangira – SG2000 Uganda

Theme Coordinator, Postharvest handling and Agro processing

SASAKAWA AFRICA ASSOCIATION/ SASAKAWA GLOBAL 2000

WEBINAR 28/10/2017

02SASAKAWA AFRICA ASSOCIATION (SAA)/ SASAKAWA GLOBAL 2000 (SG2000)

• SAA/ SG2000 is in international NGO that is promoting agricultural development among rural small holders farmers in 4 African countries of Ethiopia, Mali, Nigeria and Uganda with a major goal of improving food security, nutrition and incomes

• Collaborates with the government and other key stakeholders• Interventions are focused on promoting technologies of the whole value chain

of the focus crops that are mainly staple crops• Operates within the government extension structure • Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education (SAFE) – Sister organization

specializes in building the talents and skills of national extension staff through collaboration with agricultural departments of different Universities in Africa.

03Postharvest Management

• Processes, methods and techniques that are used in handling food from

harvest to consumption

o Ensures quality for consumer safety and satisfaction

o Helps in reducing postharvest losses

o Improves the shelf life

o Adds value

o Creates employment

• Involves a number of activities depending on the crop; harvesting,

transportation, drying, threshing/shelling, cleaning, milling, packaging & storage

Quantity and availability

04PHM technologies available in Uganda

• SAA/SG2000 has worked with a number of stakeholders to promote

appropriate PHM technologies among the farmers and other Key stakeholders

through training and demonstrations .

• Technologies that can be used in managing the postproduction value chain

have been identified and promoted among the farmer groups and individuals

• Are crop specific and some are general

i. General : tarpaulins, collapsible driers, drying racks, maize cribs, hybrid drier,

pics bags, PVC tanks and multigrain cleaners

Maize cribDrying yard

Collapsible drier

Tarpaulins

6

Drying Technologies Locally made drying racks

Tarpaulins

Mobile grain drier by Munyengera Agro Machinery Ltd

Multi-Grain cleaners

Hermetic storage technologies

Pics bagsSuper grain bag

PVC TankPVC Tank Pics bags/ triple bag

Pics bags/ triple bags

05PHM technologies ……..

ii. Crop specific

a. Maize: manual maize shellers, motorized shellers (mobile & pulling type)

b. Ground nuts: Manual shellers, motorized shellers

c. Rice: Rice cutter, pedal thresher, motorized threshers

d. Cassava: Cassava chipper, cassava greater

e. Beans and soya beans: Multigrain thresher

f. Sorghum: Multigrain thresher

Maize shellers

Motorised ground nut sheller Manual groundnut sheller

Wooden groundnut sheller

Rice Reaper

Pedal Rice thresher

Rice Cutter

14

Rice mill SB series

Rice huller

Rice grader

Rice destonner

Cassava Chipper

Press

Cassava

grater

Cassava Technology

06Access to technologies by the farmers and other stake holders

• PHM technologies desired by the farmers and other stakeholders to manage post production value chain have been made available in Uganda

• However, accessibility to the technologies have been affected by a number of factors

1. Social Cultural behaviors: Much of production and post production activities are managed by the women (70% labour for agriculture) and children while most men manage the marketing and financial aspecto To acquire PHM technology require capital which is in the hands of men as

they leave women and children to handle PHM activities in their own way o Most HHs produce food for home consumption and sell extra. Can

consume any quality. That’s the reason why many SHFs take long to adopt modern technologies because they stick to their traditional technologies.

07Access to technologies by the farmers………

o Different roles of women and men at HH level affects the type of technology adopted. - Most hermetic bags in Uganda approx. 70% are acquired by women to

ensure food security in their homes- Hiring of PHM services is mostly carried out by men because they are the

financial controllers o Leadership style of the head of the family and his interpersonal relation ship

with the wifeo Knowledge and skills on PHM by the head of the family and the family

memberso Farmer groups and other social groups in which the HHs belong affects the

PHH technologies and processes practiced by the members

09Access to technologies by the farmers………

2. Economic factors: PHM technology requires capital to adopt. Farmers and

stakeholders must have source of income for investing in PHM technologies.

o Other sources of income engaged by the house hold

o Level of trade in agricultural commodities in the area

o Access to finance institutions (Local & National)

o Availability of land for agricultural activities

o Premium price offered for quality produce on the market

09Improving PHM technologies adoption

• Knowledge is power. HH members and key stakeholders need to be imparted

with knowledge and skills on PHM and its impact on their economic gains

• Trainings need to be carried out on the following areas:

o Gender issueso Empower women to engage in side income generating activitieso Village Savings & Loans Associationso Business skillso Management skills – Association leaderso Leadership skillso Demonstration of PHM technologieso Provide PHM information through media (spot msgs, radio talk shows etc)

Manual maize

sheller - NAROMaize Shellers

Motorised maize sheller

Manual maize sheller - China

Grain cleaner

Motorised groundnuts

shellerManual groundnuts sheller

Mobile maize sheller

Value addition – Confectionery for

women

THE END

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