what are the 3 main processes in the water cycle?
TRANSCRIPT
What are the 3 main processes in the Water Cycle?
EvaporationCondensationPrecipitation
What causes the seasons?
Tilt of Earth’s axis
2 Pointer!!!What is the distribution of Earth’s water
from greatest to least? (5)
1.Salt water 2.Frozen ice
3.Groundwater 4.Surface water 5.Water vapor
Where does the Earth receive the
most direct sunlight? The
least?
Most = EquatorLeast = Poles
Is Earth’s water steadily increasing,
decreasing, or staying in balance?
Earth’s water stays in balance
When an object spins on an axis it’s called what?
Rotation
Why does Earth’s water stay in
balance? (Think of two processes in the
water cycle)
The rate of evaporation is
equal to rate of precipitation.
When one object moves around
another object it is called what?
Revolution
What process takes place when liquid
water absorbs enough energy to change into
water vapor?
Evaporation
What makes the Earth have day and
night?
Rotation on its axis
What process happens when
water vapor cools and changes to liquid water?
Condensation
Why does the moon appear to
go through phases?
Because of the changing
positions of the Sun, Moon, and
Earth
What is the process where four forms of water fall
from clouds to Earth’s surface?
Precipitation
What does waxing mean?
To get bigger
Why does the ocean’s salinity stay
about the same? (Think of two
processes in the water cycle)
The rate of evaporation is
equal to rate of precipitation.
What does waning mean?
To get smaller
As you descend into the ocean,
what happens to temperature?
It decreases
As you descend into the ocean,
what happens to light?
It decreases
As you descend into the ocean,
what happens to pressure?
It Increases
As you descend into the ocean,
what happens to density?
It increases
What is the Phase?
Full Moon
What is the Phase?
Waning Crescent
What is the Phase?
Waxing Gibbous
What is the Phase?
First Quarter
What is the Phase?
Waning Gibbous
What is the Phase?
Waxing Crescent
What is the Phase?
Third Quarter
Abyssal Plain
Continental Shelf
Continental Slope
How do scientists think
the moon formed?
Impact theory
What causes waves?
Wind
What are the positions of the sun, earth and moon during a lunar eclipse?
S-E-M
What causes surface currents?
Wind
What are the positions of the sun, moon, and
earth during a solar eclipse?
S-M-E
What causes deep ocean
currents? (2)
Caused by differences in
density and the Coriolis effect
An earth centered solar
system is called what?
Geocentric system
2 Pointer!!!How do surface currents (ex. Gulf Stream, California
Current, EAC) affect coastal climates?
They warm or cool the air above it
affecting temperatures and
the climate.
A sun centered solar system is called what?
Heliocentric system
What causes tides?
Caused by the interaction of the Earth, moon, and
sun (gravity).
Which solar system theory did Galileo support?
Heliocentric
About how often does each high
tide occur?
About every 12 hours.
Give one piece of evidence that
Galileo used to support the heliocentric system? (2)
Venus going through phases
like moon and the moons revolving around Jupiter
What type of tide is this?
Sun MEarth
Spring Tide.
What type of tide is this?
Sun
M
Earth
Neap Tide.
What are the twelve main
objects/areas in our solar system starting and
including the sun?
Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Asteroid belt, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune, Pluto (dwarf), Kuiper Belt
What type of orbit do most
objects in space have?
Elliptical
What are the gases and
percentages that make up air? (3)
Nitrogen Oxygen
Water Vapor, other
What are the percentages of the
3 main gases in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen 78%, Oxygen 21%,
other 1%
As altitude increases, air
pressure and air density do what?
Decreases
Which astronomer discovered that objects in space have an elliptical
orbit?
Kepler
What causes local winds?
Caused by the unequal heating
of Earth’s surface
What two forces help to keep
objects like the Earth in orbit
around the sun?
Gravity and Inertia
What type of Breeze is this?
Sea Breeze
What causes a Sea Breeze?
Daytime – cooler air moves from sea to replace warmer air on
land
Which astronomer
explained inertia and gravity?
Newton
What type of Breeze is this?
Land Breeze
What causes a land breeze?
Nighttime - Cold air moves from land to replace warm air at sea
What most likely originates in the
Kuiper belt or Oort cloud region and orbits around the
sun?
Comets
2 Pointer!!!
What causes land and sea
breezes?
Differences in pressure, due to unequal heating of land vs. water
What objects orbit between
Mars and Jupiter?
Asteroids
What causes global winds?
Unequal heating - because of the angle of the sunlight hitting the Earth (more direct at
the equator, more spread out at the poles)
What is a small object that orbits near the earth?
Meteoroid
Why do Global winds curve?
Coriolis effect (Earth’s rotation)
What is a small object that enters
earth’s atmosphere called?
Meteor
What heats and cools faster (land
or water)?
Land
What is a small object that comes from space and
hits earth’s surface?
Meteorite
How do clouds form?
Warm moist air rises until it cools (reaches the dew
point) and condenses.
What are the three types of
galaxies?
SpiralEllipticalIrregular
What are the three major types
of clouds?
Cumulus: fluffy, puffyStratus: low, layered,
grayCirrus: feathery, wispy
What is the most accepted theory that explains the
origins of our Universe?
Big Bang Theory
What type of clouds produce thunderstorms?
Cumulonimbus clouds.
What is a measure of how
much water vapor is in the air?
Humidity?
What is the name of the galaxy where
our solar system can be found?
Milky Way
On a cold day, when you “see” your breath, which part of the water cycle
are you demonstrating?
Condensation (your own cloud
formation)
2 Pointer!!!
What are the four main types of
air masses that affect the United
States?
Maritime polar: humid, coldMaritime tropical: humid,
warmContinental polar: dry, coldContinental tropical: dry,
warm
Which type of air is denser, warm or cold?
Cold
Which type of air has more pressure, warm
or cold?
Cold
Which type of air can hold more humidity, warm
or cold?
Warm
When a rapidly moving cold air mass runs into a
slowly moving warm air mass, what type of front is formed?
Cold Front
What type of front happens when a
moving warm air mass collides with a slowly moving cold air mass?
Warm front
Sometimes cold and warm air masses meet,
but neither one has enough force to move the other. What type
of front is this?
Stationary front
What type of front is created when a warm air mass is
caught between two cooler air masses?
Occluded front
What does this symbol
represent?
Occluded front
What does this symbol
represent?
Cold front
What does this symbol
represent?
Stationary front
What does this symbol
represent?
Warm front
What are lines on a map with the
same air pressure?
Isobar?
What are lines on a map joining
places with the same
temperature?
Isotherms?
What natural disaster begins over water, as a
low-pressure area; gains strength from the warm, moist air
evaporating from the ocean?
Hurricane
How do hurricanes
become weaker? (2)
A hurricane weakens as it
moves across land or cold water.
In general, what direction does
weather move across the United States?
West to the East.
What meteorological
instrument measures
temperature?
Thermometer
What meteorological
instrument measures air
pressure?
Barometer
What are the two factors that
determine climate?
Temperature and precipitation
How do weather and climate
differ?
Climate is the conditions over a long period (year after year); weather is
the daily conditions at a particular time and place