what are smart objects and the internet ... - internetdagarna · 1 adam dunkels what are smart...
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1 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
What are Smart
Objects and the
Internet of Things?
Adam Dunkels, PhD
Swedish Institute of Computer Science
twitter.com/adunk
A part of Swedish ICT
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2 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
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3 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
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4 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
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5 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
SICS: Leaving traces at Liljevalchs
http://www.sics.se/projects/supple
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10 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
What are smart obejcts and the
Internet of things?Embedded systems Telemetry
Sensor networksUbuitous computing
Mobile telephonyComputer communications
Smart objectsand the
Internet of Things
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11 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
What is the technology of smart
obejcts and the Internet of things?
● Hardware
● Microcontroller
● Communication device
● Low-power radio
● Power-line communication, …
● Power source
● Software
● Lightweight, low-power network operating system
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12 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Technical properties and
challenges● Low-power operation
● < 1 mW
● Small physical size, low cost
● Tight memory requirements
● 10 kilobytes of RAM, 100 kilobytes of ROM
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13 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Key technical mechanisms
● Low-power radio hardware
● Low-power software mechanisms
● Standards
● Interoperability, integration with existing systems
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14 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Low-power radio hardware
● IEEE 802.15.4
● Transmit/receive ~60 mW
● Deep sleep ~0.01 mW
● Low-power WiFi
● Transmit/receive ~300 mW
● Deep sleep ~0.02 mW
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15 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Low-power software mechanisms
~0.2 – 1 seconds
~200 microseconds
0.1% duty cycle ~= 0.6 mW
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16 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Standards
● Link layer
● IEEE 802.15.4
● ISA100a
● WirelessHART
● ZigBee
● IPv6
● RPL (routing)
● 6lowpan (header compression)
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17 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
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18 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Integration and interoperability
● The Internet Protocol (version 6)
● Interoperable
● Evolvable
● Scalable
● Standardized
● RPL, 6lowpan, …
● Lightweight
● Low power
?
?
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19 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
October 2008:
Contiki, world’s smallest IPv6 stack
● uIPv6
● 11 kilobytes of code, 2 kilobytes of RAM
● SICSlowpan IPv6 over 802.15.4 layer
● Fully IPv6 Ready silver logo compliant
● July 2009: Arch Rock Corp.
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20 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Contiki: low-power IPv6
Packets perminute
Power (mW)
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22 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
November 2008:30th best invention of 2008
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23 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Conclusions
● At the verge of a breakthrough
● The technology:
● Low-power hardware
● Low-power software
● IP for Smart Objects
● Interoperability, scalability, evolvability
● Lightweight, low-power
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24 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Thank You
The Contiki Operating System
http://www.sics.se/contiki/
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26 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk
Benefits of integration
● Directly integrate smart objects into a web
environment
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27 Adam Dunkels <[email protected]> http://twitter.com/adunk