what ai is and examples of how it is used in legal
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What AI is and examples of how it is used in legal
Ben GardnerInformation Architect
Legal Geek – December 2015
Email: [email protected]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bengardner135
Why are we talking about AI?
2015 Law Firms in Transition - An Altman Weil Flash Survey
“Can you envision a law-focused ‘Watson’ replacing any of the following timekeepers in your firm in the next 5 to 10 years?”
Overview
1. What Artificial Intelligence is and is not2. Artificial Intelligence in Legal3. What does this mean for legal?
Artificial Intelligence – Peak Hype
AKA:• Cognitive Computing• Machine Learning• Expert Systems
Gartner Hype Cycle
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Narrow or Weak Artificial Intelligence
Weak AI
Statistical Symbolic
Requires scale
Hand crafted
Translation servicesGoogle NowSiri/CortanaWatson
Wolfram|alpha
ModelsNatural Language ProcessingMachine Learning
“Weak AI - non-sentient computer intelligence or AI that focuses on one narrow task” - Wikipedia
It’s all about the models
Statistical
Regression• Predict a real-value response (viral load,
weight)• Gaussian, Gamma, Poisson and Tweedie• MSE and R^2
Classification• Multi-class or Binary classification• Ranking• Accuracy and AUCClustering• Unsupervised learning (no training
labels)• Partition the data/identify clusters• AIC and BIC
Symbolic
Ontology
http://www.baas.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/640LfMR3.jpg
The evolution of digital information
The evolution of digital information
The evolution of digital information
The evolution of digital information
The evolution of digital information
The evolution of digital information
?
The evolution of digital information
Evolution of digital information management on the web
Yahoo & Altavista Google Synonyms Knowledge Graph ???????
Categories & Keywords
PageRank
Semantic
Machine Learning
Ontologies
Linked Data
Natural Language Processing
Reasoning
Taxonomies
‘98 ‘03 ‘12‘94 Hummingbird‘13
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0 Web 4.0
Ben Gardner
Vocabularies
Artificial Intelligence in Legal
1. Text analytics2. Expert systems3. Ross the super intelligent attorney4. Start-ups
Text analytics
Vocabularies Synonym matching
Entity Extraction Identify “things” rather than “strings”
Natural Language Programing Analysis of the contextual meaning of text e.g. questions
Machine Learning Document clusteringIdentification of clauses
Applying Text Analytics
Due Diligence Document Comparison
• Capacity to compare documents against a standard template and red line across corpus
• Identify deviations form the norm and apply analysis
• Automatically identify clusters of documents within corpus of documents
• Automate the extraction of data from document content
• Capacity to analysis large volumes of documents rather than a subset
Expert Systems
• Classical approach to AI• Powerful approach to
guiding users through complex decision making
• Automating triage of structure content
Applying Expert Systems
View Ross as a smart legal researcher rather than a AI Lawyer, think competitor with WestlawNext or LexisAdvance
Ross powered by IBM Watson
AI Start-ups
What does this mean for legal?
Innovating Services & Delivering Efficiency
Scenario1. Perform Due Diligence over a corpus of 100000 contracts2. Extract contextual information i.e. Borrower, Interest rate, Change of
control clause, etc.3. Link Borrower to Thompson Reuters companies data to enrich with
profile information4. Use expert systems to triage/categorise based on extracted & enriched
information and automatically identify action
What else could you do with this?
Text analytics
Enrich information
Expert system
Final thoughts
Is Artificial Intelligence a threat or an opportunity?• AI is an agent for change• Is the demand for legal product elastic or inelastic?• Will this be a Red Queen Race?
Bespoke
Standardised
Systematized
Packaged
CommoditizedInnovation
Evolution of legal services - Richard Susskind
Continuous Improvement
Nothing new!
“We recommend that all solicitors should review their practices and office procedures to ensure that they take full advantage of the efficiency and economy which can be obtained with the assistance of modern technology.”
Royal Commission on Legal Services (aka the Benson Commission) - 1980
Legal Insider - http://www.legaltechnology.com/latest-news/throwback-thursday-first-thing-we-do-lets-computerise-all-the-lawyers-from-1980/
