Final Exam Study Guide

World History 1st Semester 1. What was the capital of the Aztec Empire? 2. Explain who Mansa Musa was. 3. What is the Golden Age of Islam? 4. Who was Razia Sultana? 5. While the Middle Ages happened in Europe, what important items

did China produce (Around the World Lecture)? 6. Which empire began in 950 CE, under the leadership of Tu’i Tonga

‘Aho’eitu? 7. Who was Osman the Great? 8. What city did Mehmed II conquer? 9. When did the Ottoman Empire begin? 10. Which empire from Unit 3 was in Persia, and formed this empire? 11. Where did Shah Abbas build a new capital (hint: where Mr. Le

Shana’s new relatives live)? 12. Write down 3 important facts about Nur Jahan. 13. Where was the Mughal Empire located? 14. What year was Mission San Gabriel built? 15. What were the three main reasons that Europeans built colonies in the Americas? 16. According to historian Jared Diamond, what were the three main reasons that Europeans

dominated the Americas and part of west Africa in the 1500s (hint: 2 of them start with the letter “G”?

17. How many Africans were forced into the Atlantic slave trade? 18. What happened in 12,000 BCE that had led to enduring changes in human society? 19. When did the Roman Empire exist? When were the Great Pyramids built? 20. In the film “Cave of Forgotten Dreams,” how did the ancient artists survive? 21. According to Plato, society should be ruled by... 22. According to Aristotle, the middle class would be the best to govern society because they

are____________. 23. “Demos Kratos” refers to the rule by whom? Write the word in English. 24. What is a city-state? Which Greek city-state was a democracy? 25. Explain what Solon, Cleisthenes, and Pericles did for ancient Athens. 26. What are the two main assumptions held by Greek philosophers? 27. How did most ancient societies view the universe? 28. What are the three branches of government, developed in ancient Athens? 29. What was one of the most important aspects of the Twelve Tables? 30. Why do Greeks and Romans have so much in common? 31. Who was allowed to participate in Athens’ democratic government?

32. Who were considered citizens under Athens’ democratic government? 33. What book is Plato famous for writing? 34. Explain what the Ten Commandments are. 35. Describe the difference between monotheism and polytheism. 36. Why do Judaism and Christianity have so much in common? 37. Who is considered the founder of Christianity? 38. Who is the founder of Islam, and when and where did he live? 39. According to Judeo-Christian and Muslim principles, what gives worth to individuals? 40. What ancient Hebrew leader is famous for giving written laws to the people? 41. The Middle Ages took place primarily in what continent? 42. Explain the three levels of Feudalism. 43. In what kind of huge houses did nobles often live and why? 44. Explain the ideas of Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Kepler, Bacon, and DesCartes. 45. Write three facts about Joan of Arc. 46. Write two facts about Charlemagne. 47. Who was in charge of all European Emperors, Queens, and Kings during the Middle Ages? 48. How did the Medici family become wealthy in Renaissance Italy? 49. How did most merchants become wealthy in Renaissance Italy? 50. What is a patron? 51. Describe Johann Gutenberg’s invention and why it is important. 52. Who said “it is better to be feared than loved?” 53. Who painted the Mona Lisa? 54. What is important about Sofonisba Anguissola? 55. What is an indulgence? 56. Why did Martin Luther write 95 Theses? 57. Name two differences between Protestants and Catholics. 58. Explain at least two facts about Jesuits. 59. What do Calvinism, Presbyterians, and Anabaptists all have in common? 60. What religion is both Protestantism and Christianity? 61. Describe the main accomplishments of the Scientific Revolution

(according to 3.1 from the textbook and the lecture).