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An I nformal Review

MARCH 1964

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OLI VER E%FI IBI T No 1

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Edi tor i alAdvi sory CommtteeThe f ol l ow ng group of di s t i n-gui sbed Americans gi ve the edi t orcomments and advi ce which arehel pf ul i n det ermni ng the edi t o-r i a l pol i cy, contents, and opi ni ons

of I bi s magazine But no r espon-s i b i l i t y can be at t r i buted t o anymembers of i b i s Commttee f orany speci f i c a r t i c l e s , i t em , orconcl usi ons which appear i n thesepages.GEORGEWARMSTRONG J RKGBENTSONLAURENCE E BUNKERF GANOCHANCEMARTI N J . CONDON I I IROBERTB DRESSERCHARLES EDSONWJ . GREDEJ . BRACKEN LEECLARENCEMANONNFLOYDMCGOVNWBMCMLLANLuvwc VONMSESJ . HOWARDPEWJ . NELSON SHEPHERDROBERTWSTODDARDERNESTGSWGERTWHWmuaGEORGaHWLLI AMSON

Dear Reader :Mark Twain sai d t hat a di f f er ence of opi ni on i s what makeshorse races . I t i s al so what makes magazi nes .I f we di d not di sagr ee wth many peopl e on many t hi ngsthere would be no poi nt i n publ i shi ng AMERICANOPINONWhi le i f we di d not di sagr ee among our sel ves, we coul d havethis magazi ne wr i t t en by the o f f i c e boy (Whi ch he t hi nks wouldmean a bi g improvement. )The core of thi s di scour se i s that, contrary t o what you

have r ecent l y been to ld by about hal f of the press of t he Uni tedStates, AMERCANOPINON i s not t he voi ce of The J ohn_Bi rchSoci et y . I t i s not even the voi ce of your edi tor, except i n thosepar agr aphs which are publ i shed over mname I n fact, i n con-nect i on wth t he very a r t i c l e i n our l a s t i ssue which causedseveral dozen assorted edi tori al wri t ers to have apopl exy, I di s-agreed w th a part of the maj or premse andwth some of theconcl usi ons . But I s t i l l say, as I di d t hen, t hat i t was a superbcommentary, whichwewere del i ght ed t o present t o our readers .Natural l ym vi ews are t he onl y compl etel y orthodox onesextant . But i n thi s current i s s u e, fromwhat I have seen a t thegal l ey proof Stage, there are enough heresi es t o start a newmagazi ne. For we are not publ i shi ng t he work of r obot s , but ofs ever al of t he best informed andmost br i l l i ant wri ters i n thewhole realmof American Conser vat i ve thought.May you, as M l t o n would have put i t , f i nd thei r opi ni onshel pf ul i n the bui l di ng of knowedge

Second Cl ass PostagePai d at Bost on, Ma: .

OLIVER EXHBT -NO 1-Continued

Si ncer el y,

AMERCANOPINON-i s ;w- ! f i shed monthly except J u l y ! : i Robert Welo , I nc . , 395 Concord Ave,Bel mont , Massachusetts 02 . 78 US A Subscri pt i on rates are ten dol l ar s per year i n the Uni t edStates and Canada twel ve dol l ar s el sewhere Copyri ght 1964 by Rober t Wel ch, I nc We useal most no art i cles except those wri t t en t o order t o f i t our spec i f c needs, and can assume noresponsi bi l i ty for the return of unsol i c i ted manuscri pts

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Edi t orROBERTWELCH CONTENTS-ARCH, 1964Managing Edi t or Assassi nation . . . Honorabl eMarti n Des, Sr . 1

SCOTT STANLEY, J R Ti to . . . . . . . . Charl es Cal l an Tansi l l : 1Assoc iate Edi tor s They Paused To Remrk . . . . . . . . . 20SLOBODANMDRASKOVCH Ni ne Men . . . . . . . . . Al an Stang 21

FRANCISXGANNON AdHomnem . . . . . . Taylor Cal dwel l 33REVLOP OLI VERE MERRILLROOT I f YouWant I t Straight . . . . Robert Wech 41Contri buti ng Edi t ors Principles O Economcs . . . Hans Sennhol x 47COLMBROGAN Moffi tt On Fi lm . . . . . . J ack Moffi tt 49MEDFORDEVANS Oiver On Books . . . . . Revi l o P Oiver 53WESTBROOKPEGLER The I dea . . . . . . . . E Merri l l Root 57CHARLES CALLAN TANSILL Marxmnship I n Dal l as Revi l o P Oiver 65HANS SENNHOLZ . . .Edi tori al Assi st ant AReviewO TheNews . . FrancisXGannon 79MARAN PROBERTWELCH ToTheEdi tor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Ci rcul at i on Poetry . . . . . . edi ted by E Merri l l Root 95DONALDR GRAY Ol Portrai t . . . . . DanielMCanavan CoverBusi ness ManagerRCHARDNOBER February 14, 1964

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Andts AftermthCongressman Martin D es of Texasserved seven years as Chairman of t heHouseCommtteeonUn-AmericanAc-t i v i t i e s , t he h i s t o r i cDi es CommtteeNowpracti ci ng l awi n Texas, Congress-man Di es r emai nsone of t he most out -spoken f oes of t heI nt ernat i onal Communi s t Conspi r acy . He s aut hor of t her ecent and expl osi ve vol ume, Mar t i nD es' Story-whi ch werecommend

MARCH 1964

0 I N THE FIRST chapt er of TheodoreRoscoe' s TheWebof Conspi r acy, whi chi s t he st or y of t he assassi nat i on of_Presi dent Li ncol n, Roscoe says that t hemurder of Li ncol n by J ohn Wl kesBooth coul d not be conceal ed by o f f i -c i a l censorshi p, or t he government ' sj uggl i ng of Engl i sh, or a propagandat r eatment , or re- wri t i ng of hi st ory :

What c ens o r s h i p , phrase- j uggl i ng,propaganda, and t he doctor i ng ofh i s t o r y di d conceal was t he f act thatBooth coul d not have murder ed Li n-col n bad not Li ncol n been be-trayed . . .The betrayal whi ch permtted al one gunman t o wal k i nt o a t h e a t e ri n t he n a t i o n ' s c api t o l and shootdown t he P r e s i de nt was s ec ur e l yhi dden awayThi s conceal ment and di stort i on oft he truth i s a bl ack chapt er i n ournat i on' s h i s t o r y . Such a t hi ng may bef ar more ser i ous i n t he t r a g i c case of

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I T I s nirFicuLT t o under st and whyPr esi dent J ohnson at f i r s t approved aTexas I nqui r y by t he Attorney Generalof Texas, and t hen appoi nt ed a commssi on headed by Chi ef J u s t i c e War-r e n , and t hen yi el ded t o War r en' s i n-s i s t e nc e - accompani ed by a t hr eat ofresi gnat i on - t h a t t he Texas I nqui r ynot be hel d .What Const i t ut i onal author i t y i st her e f or such a Pres i dent i al commssi on? Whywas not t he Commtteeon Un-American A c t i v i t i e s , or theSenat e I nt ernal Secur i t y Sub- Commt t eepermtted t o conduct t he pr obe? Andwhy di d Pr esi dent J ohnson i gnor e t hepr oposal of a c l o s e personal f ri end ofthe Pr esi dent and a member of t hePresi dent i al commssi on, t hat a bi -par t i san Commttee of Congr ess con-duct t he i nvest i gat i on? Whywas i tdeemed necessary t o e s t a b l i s h a commss i on of dubi ous Const i t ut i onal au-thori ty -t o say t he l ea s t -handpi ckedby a Pr esi dent seeki ng reel ecti on?Why was Chi ef J u s t i c e Warren ap-poi nt ed chai rman of t h i s commssi on?As a member of t he SupremeCour t hemay even be conf r ont ed w t h the ap-peal of J ack Rubenst ei n Though hed i s q u a l i f i e s hi mel f , hi s i nconsi st entr o l e s as Chi ef J u s t i c e of t he SupremeCour t and chai rman of t he commss i onmay t a i n t the f i ndi ngs of t he commssi on, as wel l as a l a t e r deci si on ofthe Supreme Cour t . I t has even beenw del y reported that Warren i s onrecord as opposi ng t he i mpr opr i et y of

Oiver Exhibi t No 1

UU\ it he murder of Pr esi dent Kennedy

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sucha dual r o l e . Hedi d n o t , however ,r e f u s e t he chai rmanshi p Why chooseWarren when there a r e ml l i ons ofAmer i cans, r i g h t l y or wr ongl y, who donot have conf i dence i n t he Chi ef j u s t i c ebecause of hi s per s i s t ent def i ance of t hegreat l ega l pri nci pl e of s t a r e dec i s i s ( t ostand by deci ded c a s e s ) ?The doubts expressed here are notmeant t o r ef l ec t upon t he patr i ot i smof J u s t i c e Warren or the other member s of t h i s commss i on. But , underour syst emof f r eedom Amer i cans havea r i g h t , and i t i s t h e i r dut y, t o ask suchquest i ons .

I IWTHNONEHOUROf t he Presi dent ' sdeath t he Dal l as p o l i c e a r r e s t e d LeeHarvey Oswal d, and t he f a c t t ha t hewas a pr o- Cast r o sympat hi zer and a"Marxi st " was made publ i c . Never -t he l es s t he usual "Li beral " spokesmenbl amed t he Presi dent ' s death upon"r i ght - w ng extremsts" and "hatemongers. " The Voice of Ameri ca

beamed t o t he wor l d t he i ndi ct mentt h a t Dal l as was a c i t y "of t he ext r emer i ght- w ng movement . " Tass, t he o f f i -c i a l Russ i an New Agency s a i d : " P r e s i -dent Kennedy of t he Uni t ed S t a t e s hasbeen assassi nated . H s death i s bl amedon ext r eme r i ght gr oups . " I t reportedt h a t i t got t h i s i nf ormat i on from t heVoi ce of Amer i ca .Even a f t e r t he news s e r v i c e s pub-l i s h e d t he f a c t s about Oswald-hi s de-f e c t i o n t o Russ i a ; hi s a f f i d a v i t r e-nounci ng American ci t i zenshi p ; hi sresi dence i n Russ i a ; hi s record of Communi s t b e l i e f s and a c t i v i t i e s , whi chwer e wel l known t o our gover nmentand nat i onal l y publ i ci zed bef ore t hemurder of t he Pr esi dent - t he spokes-men f o r s o - c a l l e d " Li ber al s, " a: I d t heduped or uni nf ormed, cont i nued t o l i nk"r i ght - w ng extremsts" w t h " le f t -wngextremsts" as r esponsi bl e f o r t he mur-der . Oswald has al most al ways beendescr i bed as a "Mar xi st " and not a2

OLI VER EXHBTNo 1-Continued

Communi st, even a f t e r t he evi dencewas concl usi ve that he was a Communi st and t h a t , l i k e so many Communi st s, he used t he wor ds Marxi st andCommuni st i nt erchangeabl y . Whi l e i ti s true t h a t S o c i a l i s t s , Soci al Democr at s ,and other Lef t - w ng groups, as wel l asmany s o - c a l l e d "Li beral s, " der i ve t h e i rs o ci a l and p o l i t i c a l phi l osophy f r omKarl Mar x, t he onl y groups whosemembers l a be l t hemel ves "Mar xi st " areCommuni st . As a mat t er of f a c t t heCommuni sts have al ways cont endedt hat t hey are the onl y true Mar xi st s i nt he wor l d . After a l l , Karl Marx di dwr i t e t he Communi st Mani f est o .To many uni nf ormed peopl e aMarxi st i s much d i f f e r e n t f r oma Communi st . I t i s therefore ext r emel y i mport ant f or t he "power s t h a t be" t oconceal or becl oud t he f a c t t hat t hePr esi dent of the Uni t ed S t a t e s wasmurder ed by a Communi st whoserecord of Communi st a c t i v i t y was wel lknown t o our government ; whose pl aceof work on t he day of t he murder waswel l known t o our gover nment , andwho was thus-knowngl y-al l owed ap e r f e c t oppor t uni t y t o k i l l t he Pr esi dent .The enf or cement of our ant i - Communi st l aws and t he most el ement ar ypr ecaut i on coul d have pr event ed t hedast ardl y act . Our gover nment knewabout Communi st Oswald but i t di dnot a c t as t he l aw r equi r edl

I I II T I s EQUALLYi mpor t ant f or t he gov-er nment t o convi nce our peopl e t hatOswaldwas acti ng on hi s own i n i t i a t i v eand not i n furtherance of a f or ei gn ordomest i c conspi r acy . (Later I wi l l showwhy there has been a concer t ed campai gn t o d i s a s s o c i a t e Oswal d fromCommuni sts at homeand abroad. ) OnNovember twent y- t hi r d there was anAssoci at ed Press s t o r y f r omWashi ng-t on whi ch quot ed a u t h o r i t i e s of t heS t a t e Depar t ment as sayi ng, "they haveno evi dence i ndi cat i ng i nvol vement of

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t he Sovi et Union or any other f orei gnpower i n t he assassi nat i on of Pr esi dentKennedy " The Ass oci at ed Press s a i donNovember t went y- t hi r d that Oswaldwas a "l oner " and kept pretty much t ohi mel f . Thi s l i n e was f ol l owed manyt i mes i n t he s o - c a l l e d "Li ber al " news-paper s and on t e l e v i s i o n and r adi oS t o r i e s appeared i n t he newspaper st o t he e f f e c t t h a t , when Oswal d was achi l d i n NewYork, a t eacher warnedof hi s ment al condi t i on . The "Li ber al "col umni st s and t e l e v i s i o n commentat or scor . Li nued to emphas i ze t hat Pr esi dentKennedy was t he vi ct i m of "ext r emer i g h t i s t s and hate mongers. " Mni s -t e r i a l a s s oc i a t i o ns , even i n Da l l a s ,warned agai nst "extremsts" and "hatemonger s, " CORE andNAACP i ssueda st at ement t hat Pr esi dent Kennedywask i l l e d because he champi oned humanr i g h t s (meani ng - t h e Ci vi l Ri ght s Pro-gram. Even Pr esi dent J ohnson, i n hi sf i r s t speech - t o Congr ess , warned agai nst"extremsts and hate monger s . " I n f a c tt he vast maj or i t y of "Li beral " l ea der s , i nand out of t he gover nment , sei zed upont h i s oppor t uni t y to di vert a t t e n t i o n f r omt he al l i mpor t ant f a c t s t hat Pr esi dentKennedy was shot by a Communist,that t h i r t y years of i nvest i gat i on ofCommuni smby Congress and by othercount r i es pr oved t he ba s i c and el e-mentar y f a c t that every Communi stmust accept i r oncl ad di sci pl i ne and obeyo r d e r s , and t hat Communi sts nevercommt p o l i t i c a l cr i mes except i n obe-di ence t o orders o f , super i or s .I n t he f i r s t Repor t i ssued unani mous-l y by t he Di es Commttee- composedof Democr at s , Republ i cans, "Li beral s, "and conservat i ves -we f ound :

The Communists i n t he Uni t edStates openl y admt thei r al l egi ancet o t he Communi st I nternat i onal atMoscow and gl or y i n t he f act thatt hey obey a l l t he orders i ssued fromthere i mmedi at el y andi mpl i ci t l y . . . .The f ol l ow ng st at ement appear s on

MARCH 1964Oiver

t he 1938 membership card of t heCommuni st party, ori gi nal s of whichwer e i nt r oduced as evi dence beforet he commttee "The under s i gneddecl ar es h i s al l egi ance t o t heprogramand statutes of t he Communi st I n-t er nat i onal and of t he Communi stParty of t he Uni ted States ofAmer i ca, and agrees t o submt t o t hedi sci pl i ne of t he pasty and t o engageact i vel y i n i t s work . . . . . TheCommuni s t I nt ernat i onal i s domnatedby t he Russ i an Communi st Party

What Communi st Oswal d sawsi nated Pr esi dent Kennedy as he assos-

That Report was submtted t oCongr ess on J anuary 3 , 1939, and a copyof i t went t o everymember of Congr essand of t he Execut i ve Br anch of t hegovernment . I t was pr i nt ed i n news-papers t hr oughout t he count r y and d i s -tr i buted to publ i c l i b r a r i e s . Thequot edExhibi t No 1

OLI VER ExHBT No 1-Continued

and Sovi et o f f i c i a l s , and coul d notexi st wthout t he whol ehear t ed sup-port of t he l eader s of t he Russ i anCommuni st party and t he f i nanci albacki ng of t he Sovi et Government .

3

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excerpt s have been r eaf f i rmed by ever yCommttee of Congr ess or agency ofthe Execut i ve Br anch whi ch has everi nvest i gat ed Communi sm Thi s p r i n -c i p l e of di sci pl i ne ( unquest i oned execu-t i on of orders of super i ors ) has beendemonst r at ed t hr oughout t he wor l dupon t oomany occasi ons t o enumer at e .I t i s t rue that s i nce our i nvest i gat i onand exposur e of Communi sts i n t h i scount ry t he Communi st Party st oppedi ssui ng cards and pr i nt i ng other i n-cri mnat i ng evi dence But Communi smi s dogmat i c . I t may change i t s t a c t i c sf r om t i me t o t i me t o decei ve t he un-war y, but i t s basi c pr i nci pl e of absol uteParty d i s c i p l i n e , and i t s o b j e c t i v e ofwor l d conquest , never changes .

I VI s THERE any quest i on t h a t Oswaldwas a Commuui st?TheAssoci at ed Press i n a s t o r y f r omDal l as quot ed Dal l as Pol i ce Chi ef J e s s eCurry as sayi ng that Oswald admttedhe was a Communi st . Curry added,"He di dn' t t r y t o hi de i t . " I n anotherAssoci at ed Press s t o r y from Da l l a s ,dated November t went y- ei ght h, Dal l asPol i ce Chi ef Curry i s quot ed as sayi ng :"He [ Oswal d] r e a d i l y admt t ed he wasa Communi st . Apparent l y he waspr oud of bei ng a Communi st . Lastyear Oswald s a i d i n NewOr l eans hewas not a Communi st but a Marxi st .But a c t u a l l y Oswald has never drawnany di sti ncti on between t he two "D i s t r i c t Attorney Henry Wade wasquot ed by t he Associ at ed Press as s a y -i ng, " Ther e was l o t s of materi al ( i nOswal d' s room deal i ng w t h Communism such as the Dai l y Worker[ s i c ] and there was evenmoremateri aldeal i ng w t h Fai r P l ay f o r Cuba Or -gani zat i on. " I n t he same s t o r y Chi efCurry i s quot ed as sayi ng t h a t , a f t e rOswal d' s a r r e s t , phot ogr aphs wer ef ound " show ng himst andi ng at at -t ent i on w t h a r i f l e i n one hand and i nthe other a copy of t he Communi st4

OLI VER EXHBT \ o 1- Cont i nued

newspaper , The Worker . "When Oswald was a r r e s t e d , accord-i ng t o t he Associ at ed P r e s s , "he an-nounced he want ed f o r h i s l awyer J ohnAbt of NewYork, wel l known f or pastCommuni st def endant s . "An Associ at ed Press story dat edNovember twent y- f our t h reported that"When Oswald on November 2 , 1959t ur ned i n hi s Ameri can passport t o ourEmbassy i n Moscowhe pr esent ed hi sa f f i d a v i t whi ch s t a t e d : "I a f f i rm thatmal l egi ance i s t o t he Sovi et S o c i a l i s t i cRepubl i c . " And he to ld Ameri can Embassy o f f i c i a l s , " I ama Marxi st . "Four years ago, i n Oswal d' s i n t e r -vi ew w t h P r i s c i l l a J ohnson, on t heth i rd f l o o r of Moscow s Hot el Metr opol e,he refer red to t he Sovi et Governmentas "m gover nment " and he sai d :"Even i f I amnot accept ed [ f o r c i t i z en-shi p] on no account w l l I go back t othe Uni t ed S t a t e s . " Hesai d ( and t h i swas a most si gni f i cant st atement ) thatwhen he t al ked t o Sovi et o f f i c i a l s t heywarned t h a t nei ther Oswal d' s w sh nort h e i r s would determne whet her hi sci t i zenshi p appl i cat i on was t o be a c -cept ed . They s a i d i t depended on t he" o v e r - a l l " p o l i t i c a l atmospher e at t hemoment . Meanwhi le t hey offered Os-wal d t he sanct uary of a pr ol onged s t a yi n t he US . S . RThe husband of one of Oswal d' sl andl adi es ( he had a roomor hi s w f ei n Oak C l i f f and a roomf or hi mel fnear hi s j ob under t he nameof OHLee) was reported by t he Pr ess as say-i ng "Oswal d t al ked Mar xi sm Mar xi smMarxi sm Oswald refused t o eschewvi ol ence as a method f or achi evi ngends . " [The above st at ement of Mr .Pai ne was reported by Si d Moody,Associ at ed Press newsf eat ures wr i t er . ]Ther e i s no di sput e about t he f a c tthat whenOswaldwas i nNewOr l eanshe was a c t i v e i n the Fai r P l ay f o r Cuba' sl o ca l commt t ee, of whi ch he cl ai medt o be Secretary . (An i nvest i gat i on andRepor t by t he Senat e I nt ernal Secur i t y

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Sub- Comm t t ee showed concl usi vel yt hat t hese groups wer e l a r g e l y f i nancedby Castro . FBI Chi ef J . Edgar Hooverstated t hat t hese commt t ees wer e heavi -l y i n f i l t r a t e d by Communi sts . ) Hewaseven shownon a nati onal tel evi si on n e t -work car r yi ng a pro- Cast r o pl acardI n a st or y whi ch appeared i n theDal l as Morning New, Ass i st ant D s-t r i c t Attorney W l l i a mF Al e- ander i squot ed as sayi ng t hat evi dence f ound i nOswal d' s Oak C l i f f roompr oves hewas. . an a c t i v e wor ker i n t he Communi stParty . " Hes a i d t he evi dence i ncl udedl e t t e r s i n whi ch a Communi st l eadert hanked Oswald "for pa s t s er v i c es . "Howmuchmoreevi dence woul d ber equi r ed t o pr ove t hat Oswald was aCommunist? For years t he Communi stParty has not i ssued membershi p cardsor kept wr i t t en records . During t hee a r l y year s of t he Di es Commtteewewer e abl e t o secure membershi p cardsfrom t he var i ous pol i ce depar tment sand other sources . We compi l ed t heonl y l i s t of Communists i n t he Uni t edStates t hat i s i n exi st ence . The o r i g i n a ll i s t was l e f t w t h t he Commtteewhen

I ' qui t Congr ess i n 1945 . What hap-pened to that l i s t I do not know I doknow h a t , s i nc e t he Communi st Partydi scont i nued keepi ng any wr i t t en r e c -o r d s , there i s no evi dence more con-c l u s i v e of Communi st membershi p ora f f i l i a t i o n t han t he evi dence marshal l edagai nst Lee Harvey Oswald

V -I NMNEXT a r t i c l e , I hope to di scussthe ci r cumtances l i nki ng the Sovi etUnion w th Oswal d' s murder of t hePr esi dent . Nat ur al l y such evi dencemust be ci r cumt ant i al and based upont he dogmat i c pattern of Communi stbehavi or . The Communi sts are t oocl ever to l eave any t r a c e of connect i onw t h Oswald other t han c e r t a i n c i r -cumt ances I hope to di scuss .I s ha l l a l s o suggest t he pr obabl eanswer t o the quest i on t hat i s bei ng

MARCH 1964

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Oswal d bragged t o Pol i ce Chi ef J esse Curryabout bei ng aCommuni st.asked by many peopl e : "W l l t heWarren commss i on report t he truth?"Thi s quest i on does not i nf er t hat t hemembers of the commss i on are l acki ngi n i n t e g r i t y and patr i ot i sm But onecol umni st poi nt ed out wecannot expectvery much from t he commss i on be-cause no member of t he commss i onhas had any i n v e s t i g a t i v e experi enceand t he commss i onmust r e l y upon t hereport s of other gr oups . I n a sense eachof these agenci es i s i t s e l f under i n v e s t i -gat i on . Thi s col umni st , who wr i t es f ora l a r g e newspaper chai n, sai d t hat i t i snai ve t o expect these o f f i c e r s t o bearw tness agai nst t hemel ves or , i ndeed,each other . He commented t h a t i t i snot i n the natur e of bureaucr aci es t odestroy t h e i r c a r e f u l l y nurtured f a bl esof omni sci enceI amnot pr epared t o f u l l y agr ee w t ht he col umni st . But as I s ha l l expl ai n,there are strong andcompel l i ng p o l i t i c a lr e a s o n s , as wel l as present i nt ernat i onalf a c t o r s , t o i nf l uence t h i s pr obe and pre-vent a f u l l di scl osure of a l l of t he ugl yf a c t s t hat have been camouf l aged f or

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years but have nowcomet o a cl i max i nthe assassi nat i on of Pr esi dent KennedyI t must be remembered that a l l gov-ernment s, i ncl udi ng our own, suppressor d i s t o r t f a c t s i n t he nameof nati onals e c u r i t y or i nternati onal pol i cy Al l ofus r e c a l l t hat a f t e r our U- 2 was shotdown over Sovi et t e r r i t o r y t he StateDepar t ment i ssued a st at ement that t h i spl ane had strayed from t s c o u r s e , i ntoRuss i an t e r r i t o r y . When t he Communi st s chal l enged our r e l ea s e aboutt he pl ane, our Pr esi dent admtted thati t was engaged i n observat i on of m l i -tary i n s t a l l a t i o n s i n Russ i a. I t wasf i n a l l y admtted t hat we had beenmaking these f l i g h t s f o r some t i me .Onemust a l s o keep i n mnd t hat i ti s not di f f i c u l t f o r any Admni st r at i ont o persuade any Congress i onal Commttee t h a t i t must suppress v i t al f ac t si n t he i nt e r e s t of nat i onal s e c u r i t y orour i nt ernati onal pol i cy TheCongr ess -men have noway of knowng or d i s -cover i ng whet her c e r t a i n f a c t s w l lendanger our nat i onal s e c u r i t y or i n t e r -nat i onal pol i cy . They must r e l y upont he j udgment and i n t e g r i t y of t he Ad-mni str at i on i n power , whi ch pre-sumabl y has al l t he necessary f a c t s uponwhi ch a c o r r e c t j udgment must bebased .Somet i mes t he r equest of an Ad-mni str at i on i s si ncere Somet i mes i t i smade f or p o l i t i c a l pur poses at home,whi ch have nothi ng t o dow t h nati onals e c u r i t y or i nt ernat i onal pol i cy . Havingassoci at ed w l l : : x ) l i t i c i a n s al l my l i f e ,f r ankness compel s mt o conf ess thatt he great maj or i t y of themare str ongl yi nf l uenced by t he al l - i mpor t ant con-si derat i on of w nni ng e l ec t i o ns . ` t h ei rbusi ness , whet her Congressman orPresi dent , i s get t i ng el ected and st ayi ngel ected P o l i t i c i a n s , w t h very rare ex-c ept i o ns , never conf ess mstakes . AnAdmni st r at i on w l l do a great deal t oprevent t he exposur e of i t s bl unders .Per haps i n these human weaknessesp o l i t i c i a n s are not muchdi f f erent from6

OLI VER ExHRIT no 1- Cont i nued

t he general r un of humani ty Thegreatdi f f er ence i s t hat wehave a r i ght t o ex-pect our publ i c o f f i c i a l s t o put ourcount r y' s r e a l i n t e r e s t s above t h e i r ownp o l i t i c a l i n t e r e s t s . Al l of themol emnl yswear t oGod that t hey w l l subor di nat es e l f i n t he s e r v i c e of our country . Therehave beenmany gl or i ous per i ods i n ourh i s t o r y when the great maj or i t y ofpubl i c servants per f ormed t h e i r dut i esf a i t h f u l l y i n f ul f i l l ment of oat hs ofo f f i c e . These br i ght per i ods are be-comng i ncreasi ngl y l e s s f r equent - t othe di re p e r i l of our Ameri can Republ i c .Wl l t he Warren commss i on be d i f -ferent? OnJ anuar y ni neteenth, counself or t he Warren commss i on stated t hatt he commss i on w l l have t o consi dert he p o s s i b l e t i mng of i t s report . Whathe di d not say was t hat a commss i onwhi ch w l l consi der t he "t i mng" of i t sr epor t w l l l i k e l y consi der t he p o l i t i c a le f f e c t of that report .

VI N ORDER t o over come the skept i ci smof ml l i ons of Amer i cans wh9 havehonest doubts about t he Warren commss i on, t he commss i on must di scoverand publ i sh a l l of t he f a c t s about t her o l e of J ack Rubenst ei n i n t he a s s a s s i na -t i o n of Pr esi dent Kennedy Thecommss i on has at i t s command t he s er v i c eso f t housands of i ntel l i gence agent s andpo l i c e det ec t i v es t o uncover t he truth

about J ack Leon Rubenst ei n, who i n1947 changed hi s name t o J ack RubyA pr i v a t e c i t i z en has very l im tedf a c i l i t i e s . However , I have searchedsome of my records and I have comeup w t h c e r t a i n i nt erest i ng f a c t s t hatmay have no si gni f i canceI have been i nf ormed that t he nameRubenst ei n i s a common nameamongt he J ews . There coul d be several ormore J ack Rubenst ei ns . Accor di ng t om records some of t he Rubenst ei nsspel l ed t h e i r name Rubenst ei n . At anyr a t e there i s no quest i on but t hat i n1929 amanby t he nameof J ack Ruben-

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s t e i n was on t he Execut i ve Boar d of t heYoung Communi st League i n t heUni t ed States . We have an exhi bi tt aken ver bat i m from t he Communi stDai l y Worker t o pr ove t hi s f a c t . TheYoung Communi st League i s an or-gani zat i on f or Communi sts undert went y- one years of age . I n 1929 t heJ ack Rubenst ei n, who shot Oswal d,would have been appr oxi matel y ni ne-t een years of age .Accor di ng t o our records t he J ackRubenst ei n who was a member of,theExecut i ve Commttee or Bureau of t heYoungCommuni st League a l s o a s s i s t e di n t he f ormat i on of TheRevol ut i onar yYouth and t he publ i cat i on Revol u-t i onar y AgeI have read i n news s t o r i e s t hat t heJ ack Rubenst ei n who shot Oswald hasa br other Hyman Rubenst ei n and as i s t e r named Ann Rubenst ei n . OurCommttee Hear i ngs ment i on anHRubi nst ei n and an Annet t e Rubi nst ei nand a Leon Rubenst ei n .- Nowa l l of t h i s may be mere coi n-ci dences and shoul d be gi ven noprobat i ve force u n t i l i t i s pr oved t hatt he J ack Rubenst ei n i n our records i st he sameperson as t he J ack Rubenst ei nwho shot Oswald The names Hymanand Ann are common names and ourrecords onl y ment i on an HRubi nst ei nand a Dr . Annet t e Rubi nst ei n I shoul dment i on, however , t - h a t i n a l l msevenyears of experi ence i n conduct i ng a v i g -orous pr obe I f ound onl y one i nst anceof such dupl i cat i on of names I f t heDal l as J ack Rubenst ei n i s not t he same. per son as t he J ack Rubenst ei n whowas a pr omnent o f f i c i a l of t he YoungCommuni st League i n 1929, t heWarrencommss i on shoul d pr oduce t he r e a lJ ack Rubenst ei n or account f o r hi swhereabout s or death .There was a st or y fromChi cago t hatt he pol i ce records f or t h i s per i od ( 1929-1930) have di sappeared . When I hel dHear i ngs i n Chi cago t hey had extensi verecords of Communi s t s , i ncl udi ng t h e i rMARCH 1964 I

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f i ngerpr i nt s . But even i f these recordsare gone, I have f urni shed one whowi l l par t i ci pate i n the i nqui ry w t h t henames of known a s s oc i a t e s of t he Comm t t e e ' s J ack Rubenst ei n . I t i s r eason-abl e t o bel i eve t hat some of these a s s o -c i a t es are a l i v e . Somewhere theremustbe a phot ogr aph of t he J ack Rubenst ei nwho was i n t he Young Communi stLeague i n 1929TheH Rubi nst ei n and Ann Rubi n-s t e i n coul d wel l be d i f f e r e n t personst han t he H Rubi nst ei n and Dr . An-

iA J ack Rubenstein was a member of theExecut i ve Boardof the Young Communi st l eague

n e t t e Rubi nst ei n ment i oned i n ourHear i ngs . Unl ess i t i s pr oved other-w se i t must be as sumed that t hey ared i f f e r e n t persons ; but even i f t hey a r e ,i t dues Dot expl ai n t he f a c t t hat i n1929 t h e - r t . - vas a l ack Rubenst ei n i n theCommuni st apparat us . Or does i t , MJ u s t i c e Warren?

VI IEVEN I F THE J ack Rubenst ei n whoshot Oswald i s a di f f erent person fromt he J ack Rubenst ei n whowas on t he

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Execut i ve Bureau of t he Young Communi st League i n 1929, t here are othersuspi ci ous ci r cumt ances about Ruben-s t e i n ' s r o l e i n t he assassi nat i on whi chmust be expl ai ned .Accor di ng t o a s t o r y appear i ng i n t heDal l as Morning New of J anuaryt w e n t y - f i r s t , J ack Rubenst ei n went t oCuba i n 1959, about ni ne months a f t e rCastro became t h a t count ry' s Communi st d i c t a t o r .A report whi ch appeared i n t heHouston Chr oni cl e December 1 , 1963s a i d : "Ruby ( he had changed hi s namet o Ruby fromRubenst ei n i n 1947) wasborn J ack Rubenst ei n i n Chi cago, wherehe was known t o p o l i c e as a l abor o r -gani zer , a t i c k e t ` s c al per ' and agambl er w t h r eput ed underwor l d ac -quai nt ances . " Vi ctor Ri esel r e p o r t s i nhi s col umn dat ed November 30, 1963,t h a t he had di scover ed t hat Ruby' s ni ghtspot at one t i me was a haunt of Chi cagohoods who came t o Dal l as to "case i t "f o r a po ss i b l e "take. " He a l s o di s c l o sedwhat he f ound out about t he under-wor l d connect i ons of Rubenst ei n whenhe l i v e d i n Chi cago.J ack Rubenst ei n has one of t he bestknown and hi ghest - pai d l awyers i nAmeriq, who announced t hat $100, 000i n cash had been r a i s e d f or h i s c l i e n t ' sba i l bond At t he hear i ng t o det ermnewhet her t o gr ant Rubenst ei n a b a i lbond, two p s y c h i a t r i s t s t e s t i f i e d hewas ment al l y unbal anced One wasD . Wal t er Br omber g, C l i n i c a l D rect orof t he Pi newood Psychi at ri c Hospi t ali n West chest er Count y, New York .The other was Dr . Roy Schafer , a psy-c ho l o gi s t on t he s t a f f of Yal e Uni ver -s i t y . I t further appear s uncont r adi ct edt h a t he cul t i vat ed Dal l as pol i cemenwho f r equent l y v i s i t e d hi s ni ght cl ubI f he i s ment al l y s i c k and has been f ormany y e a r s , even i n hi s chi l dhood, i s i tnot st r ange t hat some f r i e n d , somemember of hi s l arge faml y, or somepol i ceman woul d not have sai d or donesomet hi ng t o i ndi cate that someone8

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consi der ed himment al l y s i c k ?VI I IWHOS I T that i s so anxi ous t o def endan obscure operator of a t h i r d - r a t e ni ghtcl ub w t h t he record Ruby i s reportedt o have?An

Associ at ed . Press

s t o r y

summar i zed t he report of t he FBI as con-cl udi ng t h a t "Lee Oswaid was t hes o l i t a r y and unai ded a s s a s s i n and t hatl ack Ruby had no connect i on w t h Os-wal d or hi s deadl y pl an . " And, Vi ctorRi esel reported t hat t he White Housewas desperatel y "eager t o avoi d ani nt ernat i onal i nci dent by appear i ng t o

gi ve t he s l i ght e s t i nsi nuat i on of ani nt ernat i onal pl o t t o a s s as s i na t e J ohnKennedy "I t appears f a n t a s t i c that t h i s operatorof a cheap ni ght cl ubwould r ec ei v e ai df r omevery i n f l u e n t i a l source . I amows t a r i n g at t he headl i ne whi ch appearedon t he front page of t he HoustonChr oni cl e of J anuar y twenty- f i r st . Thatheadl i ne r e a d s , " ' Her o- mnded' Rubyawai t s word on Bai l . " Another s t o r ys a y s he cri ed . S t i l l anot her reports t h a twhen he was i nt er vi ewed on t e l e v i s i o nhe "broke down" when he spoke ofPr esi dent Kennedy We are t o l d byhi s f r i ends , and some members of hi sf a m l y , of hi s great emot i onal upheavalwhen he l earned of t he Presi dent ' sdeathAt f i r s t t he def ense f ed t he propa-ganda ml l s t he st or y t h a t hi s "greatdevot i on" t o t he Pr esi dent pr oducedt empor ar y i nsani t y whi ch was r espon-s i b l e f o r h i s a c t . Thi s "l i ne" becamer i di cul ous i n t he l i g h t of the revel at i ont hat he di d not vi ew t he caval cade, norpay hi s po l l t a x , and that he l o i t e r e dar ound t he j a i l w t h a gun from t he

t i me Oswald was i mpr i soned u n t i l hehad an oppor t uni t y t o shoot OswaldThe " t emporar y i nsani t y" l a s t e d t ool ongO course J ack Rubenst ei n shoul dnot be t r i e d i n t he Press or by anyoneAMERICANOPINON

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whomust r e l y upon Press s t o r i e s . Thati s not t he Ameri can way But when awel l - or gani zed campai gn, evi dent l ysuppl i ed w t h ampl e money, i s con-duct ed t o brai nwash t he Ameri canpeopl e i n advance of t he t r i a l wehavea dut y t o r a i s e these honest quest i ons .I XI KNOWHAT t he great maj or i t y ofour peopl e do not r e a l i z e that there i s ,and has been si nce t he or gani zat i on oft he Communi st Par t y, a gravel y men-aci ng and r emarkabl y successf ul Communi st Conspi r acy - i n t he Uni t edS t a t e s and t hroughout t he wor l d .

Despi t e more t han t went y years of i n-vest i gat i on and t he exposur es of t heCommtteeon Un-American A c t i v i t i e s ,t he I nt ernal Secur i t y Sub- Commt t ee oft he Senate, and t he v a s t quant i t y ofl i t e r a t u r e i ncl udi ng t he var i ous publ i cst at ement s of FBI Chi ef J . EdgarHoover , our peopl e s t i l l do not under -stand or be l i ev e that there i s a s i n i s t e rconspi racy seeki ng the overthrow ofour country .One maj or reason i s because f ewpeopl e w l l read or heed t he war ni ngsof t he Red menaceAnother reason i s t h a t revel at i onsabout t h i s conspi r acy are f a n t a s t i c t o t heWestern mnd Many peopl e st oopedt o l augh about s er i o us f i ndi ngs of t heDi es Commttee Unf or t unat el y, t hemedi a of i nf ormat i on i n t h i s countryhave t oo many t i mes di scredi t ed gr aveand t ruthful revel at i ons as a "publ i ci t yst unt . " And t h i s general d i s b e l i e f , c a r e -f u l l y and shrewdl y encour aged by t heCommuni sts, has gr eat l y f a c i l i t a t e d- t h e i r conquest of one- t hi rd of t hewor l d' s popul at i on . But I have l i s t e n e dt o t he t est i mony of many c r e d i b l ef ormer Communi s t s , i ncl udi ng t hemanwho was i n char ge of t h e i r espi onagef or West er n Europe (whohi mel f di ed' i n a Washi ngton h o t e l under mys-t e r i o u s ci r cumt ances) and I havehel ped uncover Communi st cr i mes ; andMARCH 1964

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y

Ruby' s sister and brother; two others havenames correspondi ng t o those of knownReds .f r om a l l t h i s experi ence, study, andobservat i on I can often recogni ze t he" f i n e hand" of t he Communi st Con-s p i r a c y .I f t he newspaper reports f romwhi chI quote i n t h i s and t he succeedi nga r t i c l e are c o r r e c t , cert ai n concl usi onsare i nescapabl e Si nce these concl usi onsare based upon newspaper and t el evi si onr e p o r t s , I do not of course pr et end thatt hey are i n any sense f i n a l . I f al l of t heswor n evi dence avai l abl e i s recei vedand r e l ea s ed uncensored and undoc-tored by t he Warren commssi on, i tcoul d r ender my concl usi ons i ncor rect .But ml ong study, i n v e s t i g a t i o n , andobservat i on of t he modus operandi ofthe Communi st Conspi r acy l eads mt o c e r t a i n t e n t a t i v e concl usi ons .On t he ba s i s of what has been r e-ported by r e l i a b l e and t r ust wor t hyr e p o r t e r s , I bel i eve t hat Oswald wasacti ng under i nst ructi ons which had: h e i r or i gi nal source i n Moscow pr oba-bl y r el ayed t hr ough Castro . HowOs-wal d recei ved these i ns t ruct i ons I donot know Hemay have gotten them

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whenhewent t o Mexi co Ci t y ost ensi bl yt o appl y f o r a v i s a t o Russ i a byway ofCuba, or he may have gone t o Mexi coCi t y t o arrange f or h i s escape a f t e r t hemurder of t he Pr esi dent . Hemay haver ecei ved hi s orders t hr ough one of t henumerous Communi st cour i er s whoent er and l eave t h i s country a t w l l .I bel i eve that the reason Oswald wasnot gr ant ed c i t i z ens hi p , whi ch wouldhave been of great propaganda val ue t ot he Communi s t s , was because he was off a r greater val ue t o t he Communi sts asan Ameri can c i t i z e n t han as a Sovi etc i t i z e n . I n permt t i ng himt o mar r y aRuss i an g i r l , t o t r av el f r eel y i n Russi a,a-d t o be i ssued a work permt, t heCommuni sts obvi ousl y r eal i zed thatt hey coul d use himf o r some pur pose .Hemay have been anal yzed as usef ul upt o a poi nt . I have seen cards t he Communi st s kept of fe l low t r a v e l e r s : Eachfe l low t r a v el er was c a r e f u l l y st udi edand t r i e d and hi s val ue t o t he causes t a t e d on t he card .I bel i eve that Oswaldwas acti ng i naccordance w t h t he c a r e f u l l y con-si dered pl ans of t he most success f ulconspi r at or s t he wor l d has ever seen .Those pl ans i ncl uded a method ofescape . What i t was may never bedi scover ed . I t may wel l have been t hatt he pl an i ncl uded t he l i qui dati on ofOswald O course t h i s par t of t he pl anwoul d have been unknown t o him Buti f t he Communi sts bel i eved that Oswaldwoul d t a l k under strong pressure t hepl an c e r t a i n l y i ncl uded hi s deathOne t hi ng i s cert ai n - t he murderof t he o f f i c e r was not pl anned Communi st s, t he same as t he cri mnalunderwor l d, f orbi d t he sl ayi ng of

10

WHATHATHGODWROUGHT?I n a f r i endl y exchange of t el egr am r ecent l y the chairman of the Amherst Town

Commttee Car l AKeyser, edged Governer Ne son Rockef el l er i n the pol i t i cal gameofupmanship Here are the t el egr am : "ToCar l Keyser : "Happy and I want you t o knowt hat Ass ' t AttyGenDonWhiteheadandRep BobHahn, both of St ought on, have agr eedt o !readmMass achuset t s campaign Wewould deepl y appr eci ate any advi ce and assi st anceyoucangi ve DonandBob Cordi al l y , Nel sonA Rockef el l er . " "ToNe sonARockef el l er :"Dotti e and I want Happy and you to knowt hat we are al r eady commtted t o PeggyandBarry Pl ease advi se Donand Bob Car l AKeyser . "Oiver Exhi bi t No 1

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pol i cemc- . under such ci r cumt ancesbecause t hey knowt hat t he chances ofappr ehensi on are greal y i ncreased . Ap o l i c e force cannot l et t he murder of apol i ceman escape detect i on and puni sh-ment because al l pol i cemen would bei n great er j eopardy . I t may be, there-f o r e , t hat t he murder of t h i s pol i cemanby Oswal d was hi s deat h knel l . NoCommuni st i s ever permtted t o di sobeyan order or i gnor e any det a i l of hi si nst ructi ons .As t o t he reason Moscowand Castrowanted t he l i qui dati on of Pr esi dentKennedy, no one w l l ever know Oone t hi ng we may be cer t ai n : - Thereason, to the Communi sts, was r gent .Fur t her specul at i on i s i d l e .I nmopi ni on i t i s unl i kel y t hat t heCommuni st conspi r acy t o k i l l t he P r e s i -dent wi l l ever be f u l l y pr oved . Even i fthere wer e evi dence l i nki ng t h i s cr i met o a Communi st count r y, i t i s doubt f ult hat t he evi dence woul d ever be r e-l e as e d, f or f e a r of an i nt ernat i onal "i n-ci dent " or harm o i nt ernat i onal pol i cy . JOn February fourth, Chi ef J u s t i c e - lWarren sai d t hat - t he commss i on hadhear d t est i mony whi ch mght not bea v a i l a b l e i n a l i f e t i me . On Februaryf i f t h , he s a i d t hat he was bei ng "a l i t t l ef acet i ous" i n hi s st at ement but t hatsome of t he t est i mony coul d possi bl yt ouch on nat i onal s e c u r i t y mat t ers . I ti s therefore probabl e t h a t the t ruth wi l l -never be known about t he murder ofMr . Kennedy and t he r easons Ruben-s t e i n murdered Communi st Oswal d,unl ess p a t r i o t i c i ndi vi dual s and o r -gani zat i ons di scover and publ i sh thetruth. 0 0

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I n Da las

V~K[Part I I ]

Revi l oPOl i ver i s Professor of Cl a ss i c si n the Uni ver s i t y of I l l i n o i s . Duri ngWorl d War I I , he was D rect or of Re-search i n a s e c r e tagency of t he WarDepartment . Hehast r avel ed w del y . Dr .Ol i ver i s an acade-mci an of i nt erna-t i onal reputationwho has publ i shedschol arl y a r t i c l e s i n f our l anguages w th-i n t he pages of t wel ve l earned per i od-i c a l s i n t he Uni t ed S t a t e s and Eur ope .

HENCEFORTH no Ameri can has anexcuse f or i l l u s i o n . He has had anocul ar demonst r at i on of who and whathi s enemes arc . And t h a t l es s o n i sr epeat ed every day as hi s enemes, reck-l e s s l y exposi ng t hemel ves, t r y t o carryout t h e i r or i gi nal pl an i n s p i t e ofComade Oswal d' s bungl i ngThe assassi nat i on and i t s af t ermathmust have gi ven t o many Amer i canst he shock that each of us must some-howf e e l i n hi s own bei ng before , hecan under st and what Communi sts r e a l -l y are andwhy t hey a r e seeki ng t o k i l lor ensl ave him That under st andi ngdoes not aut omat i cal l y come f rommerei nf ormat i on . Wea l l carry i n our mndsa great accumul at i on of i t em of i n-f ormat i on, such as t hat a cont i nent l i e sunder t he i c e of Ant ar ct i ca or that thenat i ves of t he Andaman I sl ands arepygmes, whi ch have no e f f e c t on ourt hi nki ng because such f a c t s seem i r -r el evant t o our own l i v e s . By t h i s t i me,every l i t e r a t e Ameri can has i n hi s ownMARCH 1964

OLIVER

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mnd a good deal of i nf ormat i on aboutCommuni s t s , al t hough often as de-t ached and unrel ated i tem that seemr emot e from hi s quot i di an concerns .Even copi ous and syst emat i c i nf orma-t i on may r emai n, so t o speak, i n e r t i nt he mnd u n t i l i l l umned by a percep-t i on that c a r r i e s convi cti onTheMoment O TruthThe per cept i on usual l y comes fromsome personal experi ence or observa-t i o n . I t may be somemnor shock, suchas t he f a l l i n g appl e i s sai d t o have gi venNewon but at t hat shock a t housandb i t s of s c a t t e r e d knowedge l a t e nt i n t hemndarrange t hemel ves i nt o a coherentwhol e and exhi bi t a basi c truthWhen I was a youngst er, I knewaman of subst ance who t o l d me that hehad al most been e n l i s t e d i n a Communi st - f r ont oper at i on t o r el ea s e frompr i son a creature namedMooney, whohad murdered ni ne persons i n C a l i -f orni a t o showhowmuchhe l ovedHumanity Al though moved by t hep l a u s i b l e and pat het i c st or y t ol d himby t he Edi t or of a " l i t e r a r y " per i o di c a l ,t he gent l eman was canny enough t ocheck a few f a c t s and t hen v i s i t t heheadquar t ers of t he organi zat i on s o l i c i -t i ng hi s suppor t . Hi s unannounced v i s i tgave himi s moment of per cept i on . Her et urned w t h t he convi ct i on that hehad seen speci mens of a cri mnal gangt h a t was bur r ow ng i t s way beneath t hef oundat i ons of s o ci et y , bent on under -mni ng t he whol e nat i on . I t hought hi sal arm prepost er ous, and, I amf r a i d ,sml ed at i t .I n c ol l ege, I coul d not over l ook t he

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young Communi sts . I t r equi r ed nogreat acumen t o s ee t hat t h e i r i d e a l i s t i csqueaki ngs about " s o c i a l j u s t i c e " andt he " downt r odden" wer e mere pret enset o cover t he mal i ce and phrenet i crancors seet hi ng w thi n them But I di dnot r e a l l y under st and themu n t i l I met ,dur i ng t he great Cr usade t o Save t heSo v i et , a young l awyer who had beenpr ovi ded w t h a di r ec t commss i on anda " v i t a l " j ob i n Washi ngton t o preservehimf r om t he ki nd of ml i ta r y s e r v i c et h a t may be bad f or t he ski n . Heex-pl ai ned t o me t he w ckedness of mak-i ng a p r o f i t , and he t o l d me how" s o c i a l j u s t i c e " woul d come t o busi ness-men "We' l l shoot themi n t he b e l l y , "he s a i d r apt urousl y ; "they di e l ongert hat way " And t he greasy- f aced creaturel i cked i t s dr y l i p s .Aprof ess i onal man t e l l s me that hi smoment - came at t he t i me t hat I r -r epr oachabl e I k e , vi ol at i ng t he Const i -t ut i on he had swor n t o uphol d, usedt he Army t o hel p t he WarrenCrewgett he race war under way Hewas t al ki ngt o a cl ergyman of t he " s o c i a l gospel "v a r i e t y whose emot i onal per t urbat i onhe di d not under st and u n t i l some i n-di s c r e et excl amat i ons l et himsee thatt he hol y man was i nwar dl y t r embl i ngw t h eagerness f or news that Amer-i cans had been bayonet t ed or machi ne-gunned on t he s t r e e t s of L i t t l e RockThemoment came t o anot her manwhen he was one of a party of f our i nthe bar of a pr i vate cl ub . One of t hef o u r , an evi dent l y urbane and cul t i vatedgent l eman -who had come t o t heUni t ed S t a t e s as a r efugee and had beengi ven a s a l a r y and s e c u r i t y t hat hecoul d never have at t ai ned i n t he l andwhencehe came-took a Scotch or twot oo many and began t o make i t pai n-f u l l y c l ea r t hat he r egar ded Amer i cansas detest abl e sw ne who need t o bet aught , w t h t he toe of a boot , t h e i rpl ace i n OneWorl dAuni ver si t y professor t e l l s me t hathi s moment cametwo years agowhen a66 Oiver Exhibi t No 1

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seni or col l eague, who had f o r manyyears ponti f i cated about t he "market -pl ace of i dea s , " and, ser ene as a seat edBuddha, had beamed beni gnl y whenGus Hal l and Gordon Hal l spoke ont he campus , "because we need t o heara l l s i des , " began t o y el l l i k e a Comancheat a scal p- dance . What had shatteredacademc sereni t y was t he di scover y thatthere was a horr i bl e "hat e- sheet " readby "Fasci st war - monger s" whomust be" s t amped out " o r , at l e a s t , have t h e i rteeth ki cked i n . As f or cont r i but or s t ot he hate- sheet , sai d t he SakyaMuni ofAcademc Fr eedom whom quoteverbat i m "they must be extermnated .Shoot i ng i s t oo good f o r them" Thehate- sheet i n quest i on was t hat ml dand sel f - consci ousl y "moderat e" f o r t -ni ght l y, Nat i onal Revi ew and my i n-f or mant bel i eves that the Doubl eDomwoul d have r un amok w t h a k r i s , hadhe even suspect ed t he exi s tence ofAMERCANOPINON As i t was , however ,t he y e l l s s u f f i c e d t o makemi nf ormantsuddenl y r e a l i z e what makes "Li ber al s"t i c k - andhecompared themt o c e r t a i nwel l wapped and- di sgui sed packagest hat are occasi onal l y di scover ed by a,post al i nspector or t he baggage mast erof an a i r l i n e because t hey a l s o t i c k .ANewYor ker says t hat hi s momentcame e a r l y i n December whenhe reada columnby Wal t er Li ppmann, whomhe had l ong supposed t o be suf f er i ngfrom nothi ng more s er i o u s t han a 1cerebrum bl oat ed w t h i d e a l s . I n t hatcol umn t he punct ate pundi t , wr appi nghi s f e e t about hi s neck i n one of hi scust omar y verbal t wi s t s , cl ai med t h a t" i n a f r e e [ s i c ] count r y" c r i t i c i s m of"Ci vi l Ri ght s and Russ i a" i s " i nher ent -l y subver si ve. " Not content w t h havi ngt hus exposed hi mel f , Bi g- Br ai nedWal twent on t a c t l e s s l y t o yow t hat becauseOswald scored a bu l l ' s - e ye, " t he onl ysol ace f or the nat i on' s [ s i c ] shameandg r i e f can comefroma Purge' ! - - a purge,of course, of t he awf ul Amer i cans whot hi nk t hey s t i l l have a country . Thus,

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sai dmy cor r espondent , was l ong coverthatred of Amer i cans and di ssembl edbl ood- l ust mademani f est f o r al l t o s ee .I t i s po ss i b l e, t o be s u r e , t h a t t he quot edphrase was j u s t l i pography, and t h a tLi ppmannmeant somethi ng el s e, suchas forced f eedi ng of c a s t o r o i l to Amer-i cans ; but t he phrase served t o gi ve atl ea s t one of hi s readers an i mpul se t oput t ogether and comprehendmany datathat hi s mnd was hol di ng i n suspen-s i onEx uno di sce omnesOswal d was a young Communi stpunk, but , asi de from hi s f or tui t ousn o t o r i e t y , there was not hi ng unusualabout himYou have seen t housandsl i k e hi m and you are payi ng t a x e s t obreed or nour i sh swarms of themYou saw a represent at i ve s e l e c t i o n ofthem i n t hat ex c el l ent f i l m Oper at i onAbol i t i on, whi ch i s nowmore t i mel yt han ever . You saw t he veteran cr im-na l s , who shoul d have been depor t edor i mpr i soned l ong ago, r i o t and y e l l atthe HouseCommt t ee, an o f f i c i a l del ega-t i on of t he hi ghest gover nment al au-t h o r i t y i n our nat i on . You wi l l nothave f a i l e d t o r ecogni ze i n themr abi dbeast s grown i nsol ent w t h l ong i mpuni t y . Yousawa l s o t he r i o t i n g swarmsof young creatures t hat had craw ed outfromt he woodwork of t he Uni ver si t yof Cal i f orni a and other t ax- suppor t edi n s t i t u t i o n s of "hi gher l earni ng . " Youhad an opport uni t y t o study t h e i r h a t e -contorted f a c e s .You can s ee f l e d g l i n g Oswal ds i n t hef l e s h whenever , as occasi onal l y happens,a l o ya l Ameri can i s permtted t o speakon or near a col l ege campus . Theyoung"pr ogress i ves" w l l be t h e r e t o j eer andqui bbl e . I t wi l l be i n s t r u c t i v e t o observehowmany are def ormed i n body orfeature as wel l as mnd, and, i f youappr oach near enough, you can see thehatred gl i s teni ng i n beady eyes . (For ac l o s e approach, a handkerchi ef spr i nkl edw t h ammonia w l l mni mze t he d i s -MARCH 1964

OLivFR ExHBIT No 1-Continued

comort . ) And you shoul d r e f l e c t t hatyou are f i nanci ng, d i r e c t l y t hr ough t a x e sor cont r i but i ons oi i ndi rectl y t hr ought he i n s t i t u t i o n ' s t ax- exempti on, t hehatchi ng and "educat i on" of youngmurderer s .You can s ee t he s p ec i e s wherever youl ook . And w t h j u s t a l i t t l e pat i ence anddex t e r i t y , you can make a l l but t hemost hardened and exper i enced d i s c l o s et h e i r i nner emot i ons - per haps i n aspate of verbi age, but at l ea s t f or amoment i n an unguar dedword or gl arei n t he eyes ; and you wi l l f eel l i ke aswmmerwhohas gl i mpsed, s i x fathomdown, t he f l a t , greeni sh f l i c k e r of at ur ni ng shark .You can s ee themon t e l e v i s i o n , ont he f l o o r of Congr ess , and i n t h e i rp u l p i t s ; you can read themn t he Press .Andyou need have no doubt s . Whetherthey are t r yi ng crudel y or s u b t l y t o usethe Communi s t s ' assassi nat i on of Ken-nedy t o i n c i t e hatred agai nst " r i g h t -wng ext remst s, " you can no l ongerf ancy t h a t t hey are j u s t i gnorant " i n t e l -

l e c t u a l s " w t h mxed- up gangl i a . Theya r e l yi ng They are l yi ng w t h consci ouscal cul at i on . They are l yi ng w t h mur-der ous i nt ent .You cannot mstake themwhen, i nyour very pr esence and w t h breath-t aki ng e f f r o n t e r y , t hey di scharge t hedi seased hatr eds and homci dal l u s t st hat f e s t e r i n t h e i r gangrenous l i t t l emnds .Fromdi r ec t observat i on, you, as anAmer i can, can nowr ecogni ze your en-em and knowwhat he i s . And i f everyou are t empted t o doubt t he evi denceof your own eyes and e a r s , remembert hat such monst er s are no novel t y -t hat i n t he b r i e f span of man' s sad anddol orous h i s t o r y one can f i nd al mosti nnumerabl e recorded i nst ances of recru-

descent savagery and of t he f r enzi edand exacerbat ed rage of anthropoi db e a s t s that cannot bear t o be dr aggedt oward c i v i l i z a t i o n and humani ty Thebes t i l l u s t r a t i o n i n a book that I have67

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seen i s Loui s Zoul ' s Thugs and Communi st s ( Publ i c Opi ni on, Long I s l andCi t y 4 ; c f . AMERICANOPINON J anuary,1962, pp 29- 36) .The v i t a l t hi ng i s t h a t you, as anAmer i can, r e a l i z e that you are bei nghunted by a f e r a l and s t e a l t h y pack .And t hat t h i s i s no ni ghtmare, fromwhi ch you w l l aut omat i cal l y awakeni n a moment, nor yet i s i t a vi s i on ex-c i t e d by t he wr i t er s who strove t o bemore out"' t han Poe That i s a r e a l i t ywhi ch you must f a c e , i f you ar e t o s u r -vi ve at al l .TheTime I s NowWth t he natur e of our enemes t husmade mani f est , and w t h such unms-t akabl e i ndi cat i ons of t h e i r numbers andpower , an Ameri can who does notw l f ul l y c l o s e hi s eyes and drug hi smnd can s c ar c el y escape a per cept i onof t he magni t ude and i mmedi acy ofour p e r i l . Thi s i s t he year of deci si onWecannot hope f o r a compl et e vi ct oryt hi s yea r , but wemust end t h i r t y yearsof unvar i ed r e t r e a t and, f or a change,advance a l i t t l e t o recover some of t heground we have l o s t and t o turn t het i d e of b a t t l e . A merr st al emate i ss c ar c el y po ss i bl e, and anot her def eat wi l lbe our l a s t . Wth anot her d e f e a t , youand I may not be a l i v e i n 1965- - or , i fwe a r e , wemay r e g r e t i t .Nowthat Pr ovi dence has gi ven us al a s t chance, wemust use i t wsely andwel l . Wemust a c t w th courage anddet ermnat i on, and, above a l l , w t h ar a t i o na l and r e a l i s t i c underst andi ng ofour s i t u a t i o n . Weare f i ght i ng agai nstenormous, t hough not i nsuperabl e odds,andwe s ha l l need t he utmos t e f f o r t ofevery Americanwhowi l l workw t h us .Our g r e a t e s t handi cap i s t hat we, un-l i k e our enemes, do not have a uni f i edand s e c r e t command whi ch pl ans t het o t a l strategy w t hout need t o d i s c l o s eor expl ai n i t t o anyone, and whi chc a r r i e s out t hat s t r a t e g y by i ssui ngorders that are obeyed w t hout quest i on68

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Agai nst a conspi r acy t h a t makes i t s de-c i s i o n s i n s e c r e t and coordi nat es w t ht he e f f i c i e n c y of a s i n g l e or gani sm t hemovements of i t s numerous and oftenhi dden t ent a cl es , we can oppose onl yt he vol unt ar y e f f o r t s of i ndi vi dual s whoare l o o s e l y organi zed i nt o a l ar ge number of vol unt ar y organi zat i ons, whi chmust , i n t u r n , vol untari l y cooper atewth one anot her . I n t hese ci r cumst ances a s e c r e t strategy i s i mpossi bl e,andwemust r e l y on t he r a t i o n a l i t y ands e l f - c o n t r o l of responsi bl e i ndi vi dual s t osuppl y t hat mnimum of uni t y andcoor di nat i on w t hout whi ch we coul ddo nothi ng agai nst a conspi r acy thathas al most absol ute contr ol over i t sagent s t hr ough i t s appeal t o t hei rcri mnal i n s t i n c t s , t h e i r compl i ci t y i npast cr i mes, and, i f need be, fear .Our enemes pl an i n s e c r e t , but t heyhave a st andar d t echni que f or deal i ngw t h Amer i cans t hat has l ong beenobvi ous t o ever y observer . Whi l e t hevast maj or i t y of Amer i cans are kept ,so f ar as po s s i b l e, i n a s t a t e of i gnorantcompl acency and conf usi on by t he l i e - { ,machi ne, conservat i ve and p a t r i o t i c or-gani zat i ons are destroyed by i n c i t i n gthem t o f i g h t one anot her and bypar al yzi ng each one w t h i nt ernal d i s -sensi on . That t echni que has been usedf o r more t han forty y e a r s , and, w t houtexcept i on u n t i l t he p a s t f ew y e a r s , a c -compl i shed i t s pur pose speedi l y andi n f a l l i b l y . I t s success depended part l yupon our enemes' v a s t f i n a n c i a l r e -sources and l ong exper i ence i n covertand subt l e mani pul at i on of i ndi vi dual s,but even more on t he f a c t t hat l o ya lAmer i cans are di vi ded i n t h e i r personali n t e r e s t s and b e l i e f s .That weAmer i cans are so di vi ded i sour basi c weakness i n t he presents t r u ggl e , but i t i s not one of whi chweneed be ashamed I t i s t he weakness ofa l l s oc i et i es of f r e e men, and hence i t i s ,i n l arge p a r t , pr e c i s el y what we aret ryi ng t o preserve But our c o n f l i c t s ofi nt er es t and b e l i e f must be candi dl y ad-

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mtted and accurat el y def i ned, i f wearenot t o succumb t o the mani pul at i ons ofour enemes .TheUni tyO Di ssensi onAs Amer i cans, our one bond ofe f f e c t i v e uni t y i s t he Ameri can t r a d i -t i o n , whi ch i s , i n i t s es s ent i a l s , a severel ypract i cal one I t i s our f i r s t and mosturgent dut y t o take a l es s o n f r om ourf o r e f a t h e r s , t he c i t i z e n s of t he t h i r t e e nc ol o ni es , who, conf r ont ed by over -whemng odds, achi eved i ndependencebecause t hey had t he i n t e l l i g e n c e ands e l f - c o n t r o l never t o l o s e s i ght of t h e i rr e a l obj ecti ve ; al t hough the col oni eswer e deepl y di vi ded by opposed eco -nomc i n t e r e s t s , vehement r e l i g i o u s d i s -s e ns i o ns , and c u l t u r a l di f f erences t h a twer e, w t hi n t he ambi t of West er nc i v i l i z a t i o n , comparat i vel y gr eat Thegoverni ng bodi es of each col ony wel lknew that t hey coul d make an ex -t r emel y advantageous sett l ement by de-sert i ng t he other t wel ve . And t he l a r g ercol oni es must have been often t emptedto seek opport uni t i es, dur i ng t he l ongs t r u ggl e, of ext endi ng t h e i r i nf l uenceand power at t he expense of other s i nt he hope of domnat i ng what ever con-f ederat i on mght come out of i nde-pendence .Adesperate undert aki ng, whi ch mostp o l i t i c a l a na l y s t s woul d have pro-nounced i mposs i bl e a p r i o r i f or peopl esso sunder ed by di ver gent i n t e r e s t s andc r e e d s , succeeded because - - and onl ybecause - our forefathers wer e abl e t ot r anscend those di f f erences and mai n-t a i n an e f f e c t i v e uni t y f or t he s p e c i f i cand s t r i c t l y l imted pur pose of at t ai ni ngp o l i t i c a l f r eedomOur t ask as Amer i cans today i s t oa t t a i n and mai nt ai n an e f f e c t i v e uni t yf o r t he s p e c i f i c and s t r i c t l y l imted pur -pose of ( a) preservi ng our nat i onal i n-dependence by r ecover i ng our f e d e r a lgovernment f rom t he i nternat i onalvermn who have s t e a l t h i l y capt ur ed i t ,and ( b) r es tor i ng as rapi dl y as may beMARCH 1964

OLI VERExHRZT \ o 1- Cont i nued

-and t h a t w l l be over a per i od of moret han a decade-our Const i t ut i onal gov-er nment t h a t those vermn have a l l butt o t a l l y subverted . As a pr a ct i c al i mper a-t i v e , al l other purposes, however pas-s i o n a t e l y i mpor t ant t hey may be t o uspersonal l y, must be r ecogni zed as s e c -ondar y and even i r r e l e v a n t , so f a r ast he cause i n whi ch we must uni t e i sconcerned .Our pr obl em I grant, i s f a r morecompl ex and d e l i c a t e t han that whi chconf r ont ed our forefathers . Thei r op-ponent s wer e men who f r ankl y andhonorabl y decl ared t hemel ves and d i s -dai ned di sgui se Our enemes are s e c r e tcri mnal s whose pr i nci pal weapon hasal ways been de ce i t , di ssi mul at i on, ands t e a l t h y subver si on . But our pr obl ems ur e l y , i s not beyond t he power ofreason . Andwe shoul d der i ve a st i mu-l u s t o use i t fromt he consi der at i on t hatwe have muchmore at stake t han di dour forefathers .WhoI s TheEnemy?Every one of us who t r i e s t o c a l c u l a t eour chances of v i c t o r y must be cont i n-u a l l y ast oni shed, and not i nf requent l ydi smayed, by t he f a n t a s t i c f a c t t hatwhatshoul d be our g r e a t e s t strength i s a l s oour g r e a t e s t weakness . Wehave so i n-dul ged our human propensi t i es t o s ent i -ment al i t y and emot i onal i sm and wehave been so subt l y condi t i oned t o fearshi bbol et hs and bugaboos, that we

squander i n acr i moni ous debat e overconj ectures t he energi es whi ch, i f r a -t i o n a l l y di r ec t e d, coul d save us fromanni hi l at i onOur enem i s t he I nt ernat i onal Communi s t Conspi r acy . O t h a t , there canbe no p o s s i b l e doubt . Every t i me t hef e t i d nest of vermn i n Washingtonspends our money and ( usual l y) t hel i v e s of Ameri can s o l d i e r s t o ensl aveand barbar i ze anot her country, t hatcountry i s i nvar i abl y handed over t oCommunists-never t o Fabi an S o c i a l -i s t s , I l l umnati , or si ml ar groups . East69

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Germany, Pol and, Czecho- Sl ovaki a,Chi na, Cuba, and t he many others area l l obvi ousl y and not or i ousl y Communi st provi nces . And i t i s p e r f e c t l yobvi ous t hat what t he nest i s pr epar i ngf o r t he Uni t ed S t a t e s , t hr ough " c i v i lr i g h t s , " di sarmament , and t he l i k e , i s aCommuni st r egi me .Al t hough t he Conspi r acy i s s e c r e t , wehave l earned a great deal about i t by( a) st udyi ng i t s operati ons, and ( b)u t i l i z i n g t he t est i mony of defectorsf r om t he Conspi r acy and of our owncount er - espi onage agent s who wer e abl et o penet r at e some di s tance i nto the o r -gani zat i on . The i nf ormat i on t hus ob-t ai ned i s nec es s a r i l y i ncompl et e, and,f o r obvi ous r e a s o n s , i t becomes t hemore s c a n t y , t he nearer we appr oacht he Conspi r acy' s i nner core ; and f a i l sus compl etel y beforewereach t hat coreThe i nf ormat i on t hat we have i ss uf f i c i ent t o gi ve us a good worki ngknow edge of t he general s t r u c t u r e oft he Conspi r acy, al t hough, of course,there are a great many d e t a i l s and p o s -s i b l y some very i mpor t ant el ement sabout whi chweurgent l y need t o knowmoreOnl y t he most nai ve persons t odayare puzzl ed by t he oper at i ons of whati s t he l owest l ev e l i n t he Conspi r acy( al t hough i t i ncl udes persons of greats o ci a l or p o l i t i c a l pr omnence) . TheConspi r acy, engaged i n t o t a l subver si on,natural l y f i n d s and e x p l o i t s al l t heweaknesses t hat ar e i nherent i n ours o c i e t y as i n a l l human s o c i e t i e s . I tf i n d s , and uses as i t s unconsci ous i n s t r u -ment s, f at - heads and dunces who cabe s t i r r e d t o gl ut i nous sent i mental i t yor a r ancorous r esentment of t h e i rb e t t e r s . But i t uses above a l l t he cr i m-nal t endenci es that al ways have beenpresent i n al l l arge popul at i ons and al -ways w l l be present t o t he utmos tver ge of the foreseeabl e future Everyl arge aggr egat i on of humanbei ngs pr o-duces, by bi ol ogi cal nec es s i t y , i t s sneak-t h i ev es , r o b b e r s , s hys t er s , " i nt e l l ec t u a l s , "70

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p e r v e r t s , s a di s t s , and other degenerates .As i s known t o ever yone who hast hought about i t at a l l , t he cont i nuedexi st ence of a c i v i l i z a t i o n , l i k e t hat ofa l ar ge c i t y , depends on t he e f f i c i e n c yof t he sewage system that di sposes ofi t s or gani c wast e : Ont h i s l e v e l , al l t hatt he Conspi r acy has t o do i s stop up t hesewer s ( whi ch c i v i l i z e d s o c i e t i e s seemnatural l y di sposed t o negl ect anyway,si nce no one l i k e s t o t hi nk about suchunpl easant nec es s i t i es ) . By t h i s t i me, wehave a l l l earned not t o wast e t i meargui ng whet her a gi ven person, whoi s know ngl y servi ng t he Conspi racy' sends, i s a member, an accompl i ce, ah i r e l i n g , or j u s t a pet t y cri mnal whohas been gi ven oppor t uni t y and en-cour agement .Thestructure of themainCommuni stapparatus i n t h i s country i s r easonabl yc l ea r . There i s a l arge number of themand, so f a r as i s known, t hey oper at ei ndependent l y of one anot her . Theo f f i c i a l Communi st Par ty, themorecon-ceal ed "Tr ot skyi t e" apparatus, t he m l i -t a r y and naval espi onage r i ngs di rectedfromt he var i ous Sovi et embassi es, t hei ndust r i al and t echnol ogi cal espi onagedi rected from t he var i ous consul at es,and t he Secret Pol i ce are a l l cont r ol l edd i r e c t l y fromMoscow and are bel i evedt o have no contact w t h one anot her i nt h i s count r y, except that t he SecretPol i ce wat ch a l l t he other s and pr obabl ysupervi se the t rans fer of tal ented cr i m-na l s , recrui t ed by thc Par t y, t o di e i u0ncs e c r e t uni t s . The vast cr ypt o- Communi st apparatus no l onger has l argec e l l s , such as t he one of whi ch t he i n-f amous Hi ss was amember ; and i s nowso organi zed t hat no c e l l has moret han three members and most of t hecri mnal s knowt he i d e n t i t y onl y of t hesuper i or fromwhomhey r ec ei v e orders .Most observers bel i eve t h a t t h i s opera-t i o n i s handl ed by t he Secret Pol i ceThere are other apparatus and t r a n s -mssi on b e l t s , some p o s s i b l y of s t r a t e g i ci mpor t ance, whi ch may operate i n t h i s

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country i ndependent l y of t he ones Ihave ment i oned . But gi ven t he cr i m-na l s ' success i n pr event i ng or hal t i ngal l o f f i c i a l i nqui r y i nto t h e i r more c l a n-dest i ne a c t i v i t i e s i n t he Uni t ed S t a t e s ,we can onl y specul at e about t he chai nof command i n oper at i ons that we can-not even pr ove t o be Communi st . Mostobservers would agree i n i dent i f yi ngsome of these by cogent i nf er ence fromcopi ous ci r cumt ant i al evi dence ; abouto t h e r s , so l i t t l e i s known that competent observers d i f f e r w del y i n t hesurmses that t hey base on admt t edl yf r agment ary i ndi cat i ons ; and i t i s qui t epossi bl e t hat there are somewhose truenature has not even been suspect ed .So f a r as we know however , t hevar i ous Bol shevi k apparatus are con-t r o l l e d fromMoscow Whenever wecan t r ac e t hei r organi zat i on at a l l , wecan f o l l ow t he wres u n t i l t hey di sap-pear i n t he mass i ve wal l s of t he Kreml i n . ( I i i r ecent y e a r s , somec i r c u i t s havebeen rew red so that t he l i n e s f r omt h i s count r y go t o Peki ng ; cf . AMERICANOPINON J anuary, 1964, p 71 . Thatmerel y shows t hat a newexchange hasbeen i n s t a l l e d f or operat i onal con-veni ence. ) Al l observers, I bel i ev e,woul d agr ee t h a t , so f a r as i s known,t he cr i mnal s i n our country get t h e i r, o r d e r s , d i r e c t l y or i n d i r e c t l y , f romMos-cowNowthere are very good r easons f orbel i evi ng t h a t t he f oul brute t h a t i st i t u l a r u^^~~ i n t he Kremi n i s merel ya subordi nate, an execut i ve of l imtedpower s . So l ong as t he unspeakabl et hi ng c a l l e d Stal in was a l i v e , most ( butnot a l l ) observers t hought that he wast he r e a l head of t he Conspi r acy. Event ssubsequent t o t he death ( o r , perhaps,l i qui dat i on) of that monst er havemadei t i ncreasi ngl y appar ent t o j udi ci ousobservers t hat t he organi zat i on of t heConspi r acy i s more compl ex t han wasonce gener al l y supposed-that t hebl oody beast named Khrushchev i s l i k ea . " s t a r " i n a showonBroadway i n t hatMARCH 1964

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h i s ' personal a ppet i t es and e c c e n t r i c i -t i e s wi l l , w thi n rather narrow l i m t s ,be t o l er a t e d, s i nc e he represent s a con-s i der a bl e i nvestment i n p u b l i c i t y ; butwho can al ways be f i r e d by the pro-ducers of t he show and w l l be e l i m -nated t he mnute t hat he gets out ofhand s o f ar as t o endanger t he successof pr oduct i on . So, who are t he pro-ducers?Thequest i onmay be t oo p r e c i p i t a t e l yasked Let us s t a t e i t f i r s t i n moresi mpl e term : Who cont rol s Khr ush-chev and t he organi zat i ons on whi chhi s power i s evi dent l y based?An exper i enced and hi ghl y q u a l i f i e dant i - Communi s t organi zat i on, whi chhas pr obabl y penet rated as f a r i nto theKremi n and i t s s e c r e t s as any humanbei ngs, summari zed i t s f i ndi ngs i n areport t hat t he Honor abl e Timothy PSheehan read t o t he House of Repr e-s ent a t i v es on Augus t 5 , 1957 (Youprob-abl y never hear d of i t . The unani m t yw t h whi ch dai l y l i epa per s i gnoreds ens a t i o na l , and therefore potent i al l yp r o f i t a b l e , news, and t he ext raor di naryexer t i ons made by pr omnent sub-humans t o avert the r e - e l e c t i o n of Con-gressman Sheehan, serve onl y, so f aras prudent and r a t i o na l Amer i cans areconcerned, to val i date and conf i rm t hereport he communi cated t o Congr ess . )The kernel of t h i s l ong and ci r cumI t a i i t i a l report i s t h a t , super i or t o Kr ush-chcv and s imlar admni st rat or s, andsuper i or even t o t he Secret Po l i c e, i sanot her and mere s el e ct or gani zat i onof t r u l y i nt ernat i onal s c op e , t he Communi st Secur i t y System ( CSS) , whi chhas penet r at ed and cont rol s even t heSecret Pol i ce . The exi st ence of such ani nner organi zat i on was f i r s t suspect edby caut i ous observer s i n 1939, when t hepurul ent bl ob of ant i - human proto-pl asm c a l l e d Ni col ai Yezhovwas b l o t -t ed out and repl aced by t he equal l yl oat hesome t hi ng tai l ed Lavrenti Ber i a .That suspi ci on, however , r emai ned hy-p o t h e t i c a l , i n the eyes of most observers,

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u n t i l 1953, when the ease w t h whi cht he Ber i a- t hi ng was i n turn l i qui dat edmadei t appar ent t o t hought f ul anal yst st h a t the Secret Po l i c e, of whi ch Ber i ahad been t he absol ute and unchal l engedmast er , mus t be i n turn subordi nat e t osome i nner and even more s e c r e t ap-paratus . The CSS, as descr i bed i n t her e p o r t , p r e c i s e l y corresponds t o t hatmore s e c r e t apparatus, as i t s character-i s t i c s wer e deduced by many observersbef ore t he report was made publ i c bya cour ageous and p a t r i o t i c Congressmanat t he c o s t of hi s own p o l i t i c a l career .Not a l l qual i f i ed observers f i nd t hereport on t he Communi st Secur i t y Sys-temas convi nci ng and cogent as I do,al t hough I knowof none who woul dc a t e g o r i c a l l y r e j e c t i t . Si nce nomemberof t he CSS has ever def ect ed and con-f e s s e d , t he i n t e l l i g e n c e report concern-i ng i t can be corroborated onl y by de-duct i on and i nf erence fromnumer ous ,s c a t t e r e d , often ambi guous, and some-t i mes conf l i ct i ng dat a . The most t hatany observer can s a y , t h e r e f o r e , i s t hathe accept s t he r e p o r t ' s descri pt i on of t heCSS as hi ghl y probabl e, si nce i t f i t s t heknown pattern of conspi rat or i al organ-i z a t i o n and provi des t he most compr e-hensi ve and consi st ent expl anat i on t husf a r pr oposed of t he f a c t s whi ch i ndi cat ethat t he Conspi r acy i s cont rol l ed bysome i nner c i r c l e .But i f t he CSS i s t he cont r ol l i ngor gani sm we have merel y pushed t heul t i mate quest i on one s t e p farther back .Whocont rol s t he CSS?That , of c o u r s e , must be t he darkestand most j eal ousl y guar ded s e c r e t ofa l l . As was t o be expected, the reportcan onl y s t a t e that "the gui di ng [ i . e .cont rol l i ng] members of the Commu-nkt S ~ - c . u r i t y System are " fel l ow t r a v e l -l e r s , r i c h f i n a n c i e r s , and s e c r e t Communi st s" whose i d e n t i t y i s known onl yt o t hemel ves and t he fewtrusted agent st hr oughwhomhey, as an i n v i s i b l e gov-er nment , transmt t h e i r orders . Thatdescri pt i on suggest s - even i mpl i es -72

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t hat most or al l of t he r e a l di rectors oft he Conspi r acy l i v e out si de of Sovi ett e r r i t o r y . There i s nothi ng i mpl ausi bl ei n t h a t . I ndeed, there never was anyr e a l evi dence t o suppor t t he grat ui t ousass umpt i on t h a t t he Conspi r acy' s head-quarters wer e moved t o Russ i a a f t e r t heconquest of that country i n 1917Our Secret- EnemyWhatever hypothesi s wemay formconcerni ng t he i nmost structure of t heCommuni st Conspi r acy, wecan s c ar c el ydo other t han postul at e that the supremedi rect i on must come f rom some s u -premecounci l whi ch, i n al l p r o b a b i l i t y ,has not l e s s t han t en nor more t hanf i v e hundred members Whatever wemay s u s p e c t , wedo not knowwho t heyare ; wedo not knowwhere t hey meetor howt hey communi cate w t h one an-other ; we do not even knowwhatr a t i o na l end ( i f any) t hey pr opose t ot hemel ves other t han a Sat ani c domn-i on over t he whol e wor l d We onl yknowt hat t hey must be phenomenal l yi n t e l l i g e n t and unut t er abl y e v i l .Now at t he r i s k of l abor i ng t heobvi ous, we cannot t oo often remndour sel ves t h a t our ul t i mate enemes aret he members of that c ounc i l , whoevert hey a r e , however t hey wor k, and what -ever t h e i r s e c r e t desi gns . And t he I n t e r -nat i onal Communi st Conspi r acy by def -i n i t i o n c ons i s t s of t he unknownmembers of that counci l and al l of the i n s t r u -mental i t i es and subordi nate organi za-t i o n s that they di r ec t . That i s t he con-spi racy t hat wemust d e f e a t , at l ea st i nour own count r y, i f weare not to per i shmost mserabl y at i t s hands . And I donot s ee howany Ameri canwhohas ob-served what has been done t o hi s nat i oni n recent y e a r s , and t hought about i t ,coul d di sagree w t h ei t her t he def i ni ti onor a st at ement t hat onl y t he most dedi -cated and uni t ed e f f o r t s of Americanp a t r i o t s can save us froman i mmnentand unspeakabl e horror .Nor eader of AMERICANOPINON I

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ams u r e , w l l be conf used, even f or ani ns t a nt , by t he semant i c qui bbl e madep o s s i b l e by t he f a c t t hat t he Communi stConspi r acy i s not di rected by Communi st s, i f by t h a t te rm we meanpersons who be l i ev e i n "Marxi sm" Thebarbarous j ar gon and conf usi ng t waddl eof " d i a l e c t i c a l mat er i al i sm has al waysbeen what Marx desi gned i t t o be, anel aborat e decept i on t r i p l y u s e f u l for en-l i s t i ng r ec r u i t s , s t u l t i f y i n g i gnorant " i n -t e l l e c t u a l s , " and conceal i ng s er i o us pur -poses . On t he l ower l ev el s o f t heConspi r acy, many naember s of the Communi s t Party bel i ev e, or pretend t o be-l i e v e , t h a t d r i v e l as an a r t i c l e o f f a i t h ;whi l e t he more s i nc er e and i n t e l l i g e n track t h e i r br ai ns tr yi ng t o s o l v e a s et ofquadr at i c equat i ons that wer e desi gnedt o be i nsol ubl e ( and event ual l y t heyei t her def ect or get t he poi nt andmoveupward t o t he next l e v e l ) . Wemay bequi t e s u r e , I t hi nk, t h a t anyone whoa t t a i n s t he rank of a ss i s t a nt t o an i mmedi at e subordi nate of a branch man-a g e r , such as Castro, has l e f t b e l i e f i n"Marxism as f a r behi nd himas b e l i e fi n Sant a Cl aus . So, unl ess we f i nd anadol escent ' s pl easure i n t he par adox t hatKhr ushchev and hi s ki nd a r e not Communi st s, we must under st and t h a t by"Communist" we mean a consci ouspar t i ci pant i n t he I nt ernat i onal Con-s pi r a cy , w t hout r ef erence t o hi s r e a l orf ei gned r easons f or p a r t i c i p a t i o n .SomeTheor i esI t has l ong been appar ent t hat t heCommuni st Conspi r acy was somet hi ngqui t e d i f f e r e n t f r om t he pi ct ure t h a t i t smembers t r i e d t o hol d before t he gen-e r a l publ i c . I t was c l ea r t o j udi ci ous ob-s e r v e r s a century ago t hat the degen-e r a t e s who publ i cl y headed or s e c r e t l yf i nanced t he I nt ernat i onal wer e not i nt he l ea s t i nterest ed i n t he "worker s" ort he "prol etari at " about whose "oppres-si on" t hey pr etended t o s ni v e l . Whent he Conspi r acy e f f e c t e d i t s f i r s t t e r r i -t o r i a l conquest i n 1917, onl y t he si mpl e-MARCH 1964

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mnded coul d descr i be - as "Russ i an" ar evol ut i on whose l ea der s and execut i veshad, al most w t hout except i on, swarmedi n t o . Russ i a a f ew months before t het ake- over , and had been f i nanced fromboth Germany and t he Uni t ed S t a t e s , Ial t hough those two nat i ons wer e t e c h -n i c a l l y at war w t h one anot her . Anda f t e r t he conquest of Russ i a, i t wasc l ea r t h a t t he t o t a l resources of t hathapl ess and more t han deci mated l and'wer e u t t e r l y i nadequate t o f i nance ani nt ernat i onal conspi r acy . And al t houghTrotsky, Leni n, S t a l i n , and t he r e s twere, w t hout doubt , v i c i o u s l y cunni ngmonst ers, i t was ext r emel y i mpr obabl et h a t t hey had ei ther t he brai ns or t het i me t o di r ec t such a conspi r acy whi l edi schargi ng t h e i r dut i es as execut i ves i nRuss i a and, i n c i d e n t a l l y , cl aw ng at oneanother' s t hroat s .Long ago, therefore, observers veryr easonabl y began t o l ook f or a con-spi racy behi nd t he Sovi et . Theexi st enceof such an i nner or di rect i ng conspi r acywas st r ongl y suggest ed, as I have s a i d,by t he known f a c t s i n t he hi st ory ofCommuni smfromt he t i me of Marx t ot he present . I t was a l s o i ndi cat ed byanal ogy to the structure of cr i mnal con-s p i r a c i e s knownt o h i s t e : y F xexampl e,Wei shaupt ' s I l l umnat i * weeorgani zedi n a s et of concent r i c c i r c l e s ; a l l memb e r s , even those i n t he out er c i r c l e , wer egi ven t he i mpr ess i on t h a t t hey wer e "ont he i n s i d e , " but t he members of eachi nner c i r c l e r egarded t he members ofout er c i r c l e s a s neophyt es t o be pr eparedf o r more advanced work or as - suckerswho wer e useful because t hey coul d bemade t o be l i ev e anyt hi ng . The Assas-s i n s , f ounded by Hasan- i - Sabbah, wer es i m l a r l y organi zed : The members oft he l owest gr ade ( Lasi gs) were f a na t i c albe l i ev er s i n t he Koranand I s l am whi l eguru members of the gr ade next t o t het op ( Da' i i - Kabi r ) f ound i t d i f f i c u l t t oSee AMERCAN OPINON J une, 1962,pp 33- 37

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keep a s t r a i g h t face whi l e t al ki ng t oboobs t hey consi der ed so st upi d as t obel i eve i n Al l ah or any godSi nce i t was c l ea r that there was aconspi r acy i nsi de t he out er ( Mar xi st )s h e l l , i t was onl y natural t hat at t empt sshoul d be made t o i d e n t i f y i t . Var i oussi ncere and t hought f ul wr i t er s havep o s i t i v e l y i d e n t i f i e d t he i nner conspi r a-cy as composed of one of the f ol l ow ng :"Force X, " I l l umnati , Sa t a ni s t s , "Bi l der -berger s, " Z i o n i s t s , Phar i sees, Khazars,Fabi an S o c i a l i s t s , I nt ernat i onal Bankers,Rockef el l er s, Rot hschi l ds, or a gang ofot herw se uni dent i f i ed "mess i ani c ma-t e r i a l i s t s . " Good and authent i c evi dencedrawn fromt he present or the recentp a s t can be assembl ed t o suppor t eachof these i d e n t i f i c a t i o n s , and i t i s easy t oargue convi nci ngl y that each i s r i g h t ,pr ovi ded that we can as sume an e x t r a -or di nary degr ee of stupi di t y or s h o r t -si ght ed venal i t y i n some or al l of t heothers . And al t hough some of t hegr oups I have l i s t e d over l ap o t h e r s , ormay do s o, i t i s c l ea r that al l of themcannot be t he one central conspi r acy .Fur t hermor e, we cannot as sume t hatt her e ar e a number of maj or conspi r a-c i es i ndependent of one anot her but al lb l i t h e l y worki ng t ogether t oday w t h not hought of t he morrowLet m take as m exampl e t he"Force X, " r ec ent l y brought i nto promi nence by Kenneth de Cour cy i n hi sexcel l ent and gener al l y r e l i a b l e I n t e l -l i gence Di gest . And l et me hast en t oadd t h a t , al t hough I f e e l conf i dent t hatI r ecogni ze t he e n t i t y t o whi ch Mr . deCour cy r e f e r s , I do not pr etend t o haveat mdi sposal t he mass of i nf ormat i onand document at i on t hat has pr esumabl ybeen assembl ed by Mr . de Cour cy' spr i vate i nt el l i gence organi zat i on, whi chl argel y c ons i s t s of f ormer members ofBr i t i sh M l i t a r y I nt el l i gence nows t a -t i oned t hr oughout t he wor l d as r e p r e -sent at i ves of B r i t i s h i ndust ri es or i ns imlar capaci t i es .M . de Cour cy has not sai d that74

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"Force X" was t he i nner core of theCommuni st Conspi r acy, but many ofhi s readers have drawn that i nf er encef r om t he i ndi cati ons that he has pro-vi ded Mr . de Cour cy has descr i bed"Force X" as " b a s i c a l l y a cri mnalgr oup, " whi ch " d i r e c t s t he e n t i r e drugt r a f f i c of t he wor l d, " hi gu- cl ass p r o s t i t u -t i on and homos exual r i ngs , and manyother fo rm of profi t abl e cr i me . But hesays t hat i t "has made use of Communi sm" t h a t " i t s power f a r exceedst hat of Communism" t hat " i n Russ i a,Trotsky, Zhdanov, Ber i a , and Li t vi nov"wer e i t s agent s ( a s were, i n Germany,"both Ludendor f f and Hmmer"), andt h a t i t s execut i ve head, a homos exualand necrophi l i c degenerat e, gave advi cet o S t a l i n and nowadvi ses both Khr ush-chev and Mao Tse- t ung M deCr cyconcl udes that "the a l l i a n c e bet ween t h i sperson and Communi smi s very c l o s e,al t hough there are f undament al c l a s hesof ai m Nei t her seem t o mnd t h i s atpresent . "I t i s at t hat poi nt t h a t I havemdoubts . As Communi st agent s andf uddl ed f ops are f or ever t e l l i n g us ,there i s onl y one worl d-and, what i swor se, i t i s l e s s t han 25, 000 ml es i nci r cumer ence at t he equat or . I t i smuch, much t oo smal l f or two con-s p i r a c i e s of "One Wor l der s, " and i f ,perchance, there are t wo, t he heads of .both must have r eal i zed l ong ago t hatt he more success f ul t hey were, t hesooner one would have t o l i qui dat e t heother t o escape l i qui dat i on i t s e l f . I coul dbe l i ev e that "Force X" i s subor di nat e t ot he I nt ernat i onal Communi st Conspi r a~cy, and I coul d bel i eve t hat "Force X"i s t he i nner core of that Conspi r acy andso cont r ol s Khrushchev and s imlarvermn, but I cannot bel i eve t hat twowol ves are peaceful l y munching oner abbi tTT oess Bl ood- Pressur e, P l ease

I f not two, t l i c . ^ not three or f i v e ort en . What wehave sai d about "Force X"AMERICANOPINON

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wi l l appl y, mutat i s mut andi s, t o anyother conspi rat or i al gr oup t h a t wemayconsi der i n connect i on w t h t he Communi st s . Let us , t h e r e f o r e , draw someconcl usi ons .On t he ba s i s of t he i nf ormat i onsuppl i ed byM de Cour cy, and on t heba s i s of our own deduct i ons concerni ngt he pr obabl e structure of the Conspi r acy,we r ecogni ze that "Force X"may be :( 1) An i nner c i r c l e , compar abl e t o,i f not i dent i c al w t h, the Communi stSecur i t y System( 2) Af ormal armof t he Conspi r acy,compar abl e t o t he o f f i c i a l Communi stParty i n t he Uni t ed S t a t e s or the SecretP o l i c e , and l i k e themcont rol l ed f r omabove( 3) A l arge and hi ghl y organi zedgang of r a c k e t e e r s , who, l i k e al l o r -di nar y cri mnal s, "take t he cash and l ett he c r e di t go, " i nt ent onl y on l o o t t odayand l o o t t omor r ow but w t h no l ong-r ange pl ans or cosmocrat i c ambi t i ons .Such a gang woul d natural l y be en-couraged and protected by t he Communi st s, and would natural l y performs er v i c es f or cash f e e s or i n exchange f orprot ect i on and oppor t uni t i es . ( Not e t hatChi na i s nowt he pr i nci pal source oft he na r c ot i c s commonl y used by drug-a ddi c t s , so that one of t he most p r o f i t -abl e branches of t he gang' s busi nessdepends on suppl i es fromCommuni stt e r r i t o r y . ) Thi s, however , woul d maket he gang, f o r al l pr a ct i c al purposes, aCommuni st subsi di ary or i nst rument al -i t y , and i t coul d not be "more power f ul "t han i t s empl oyer s .Those a r e , I t hi nk, t he t hr ee mostpr obabl e expl anati ons, but others arepo ss i b l e, vi z . :( 4) That our i nf erences about t heConspi r acy are i n c o r r e c t , and t hat"Force X" and t he Communi sts r e a l l yare i ndependent i n t he sense t hat nei t hercont rol s the other .( 5) That t he data suppl i ed byM deCour cy are wr ong, i n part , or i n t h e i rent i r e t y , e i t her because hi s i nf ormant s:MARCH 1964

OLI vER ExHRITNo 1-Continued

wer e mstaken or because t hey wer esuppl i ed w t h f a l s e - i nf ormat i on ( a common t r i c k i n a l l i n t e l l i g e n c e work) orbecause t hey or Mr . de Cour cy havesome i nt er es t i n decei vi ng us . Thus"Force X, " as descr i bed t o us , may note x i s t at al l .Nowwemay d i f f e r w del y i n t he per -cent age of probabi l i t y t hat weassi gn toeach of those f i v e expl anat i ons, and i twi l l c er t a i nl y do noharmo argue aboutthemf or t he pur pose of cl ari f yi ng ourown t hi nki ng and of e l i c i t i n g fromoneanot her such i nci dent al i nf ormat i on aseach of us may have t h a t i s rel evant tot he s u bj e ct . But obvi ousl y, no one of t hef i v e hypotheses i s c e r t a i n l y r i ght orc e r t a i n l y wong And I t r u s t that noonewi l l pl ace an ext raordi nary s t r a i n on hi sneuro- vascul ar system t o shout at t her e s t of us .Ser i ous argument i s f u t i l e whenwhatwe obvi ousl y need i s more evi dence .That evi dence i s a v a i l a b l e . Agreat dealmust now be i n t he possessi on ofvar i ous pol i ce f o r c e s t hr oughout t he

Uni t ed States and ei t her has not beenassembl ed or has been suppressed byp o l i t i c a l pressures . A v a s t amount ofevi dence was conceal ed when t he gangar ound M Macml l an succeeded i ncover i ng up most of t he Profumos c a nda l s , but t he gr eater part of i t i ss t i l l there . I n t he opi ni on of t he bes ti nf ormed observers, a t horough i nv es -t i g a t i o n of the a c t i v i t i e s of Bobbi e Baker ,and hi s hi gh- r anki ng accompl i ces i n t heAdmni st r at i on, would uncover a vastcesspool of cor r upt i on nec es s a r i l y con-nect ed w t h t he one i nEngl and, becausesome s p e c i a l i s t s i n vi ce and cr i mes h u t t l e back and forth fromone coun-t r y t o t he other . Pr obabl y any one oft he hundr eds of known n e s t s of drug-a ddi c t s , p e r v e r t s , and degenerates i nWashi ngton ( or other s f ound i n anyother l arge c i t y )