western red cedar distinctive designs - woodworks
TRANSCRIPT
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Western Red Cedar
Distinctive Designs
Version 1030091.0 Sustainable Design CEU
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Learning Aims
•Increase awareness of Western Red Cedar, its properties and performance characteristics.
•Understand grade and product specification requirements.
•Gain greater appreciation of Cedar’s versatility and the enhanced appeal it brings to a project.
•Get the facts about proper installation, finishing & maintenance of Western Red Cedar
Presentation Overview
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Presentation Overview
•Introduction – Association
•Western Red Cedar’s Heritage
•Environmental Management & Certification
•Western Red Cedar Characteristics
•Product Grades & Sizes
•Western Red Cedar Around the World
•Installation, Finishing & Maintenance
•Reference Materials and Sources
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Western Red Cedar Lumber Association
• Non profit trade association, established in 1954, known worldwide as “the voice of the cedar industry.”
• Producing members account for more than 65 percent of the world’s production of Western Red Cedar and have an annual volume of nearly 1 billion board feet.
• Purpose: Increase market awareness for WRC through education, technical expertise and promotion.
• Offers technical and promotional resource for architects, builders, consumers.
Introduction
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Western Red Cedar (Thuja Plicata)
Western Red Cedar trees reach heights of 200 feet with diameters of 16 feet. The trunk of older trees is buttressed, fluted and quite tapered.
The “Tree of Life” is what the first residents of the Pacific Northwest called the stately Western Red Cedar. Its legendary durability made cedar nature’s gift for building ocean-going canoes, post-and-beam houses, ceremonial dance masks and ancestral totem poles, many of which have withstood centuries of weathering.
Today its exceptional beauty brings warmth, character and longevity to homes, and its supreme versatility as a building material has made it the enduring choice of craftsmen for centuries.
Introduction – Real Cedar
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Haida “Monster House” (photo 1873)
The Tree of Life
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Cedar Totem Pole (nearly 200 years old)
The Tree of Life
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Cedar continues to play a key cultural role
The Tree of Life
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Two Growth Areas:
• West Coast of Canada. Some in southern Alaska and US Pacific Northwest
• BC Interior Wet Belt. Some in Idaho; Montana & Washington
Growing Region
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• Forests of BC cover 149 million acres. Less than 1/3 of 1% are harvested annually.
• More than 200 million seedlings are planted each year (eight for every tree harvested).
• 50 million m3 of Western Red Cedar is growing in Provincial parks or other protected regions.
Growing Region
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• Total standing volume is estimated at 750 million m3 (80% of this volume is in the coastal region).
• WRC represents 20% of inventory on the coast and 2% in the interior.
• In terms of total harvest, the proportion of cedar has remained constant over the last 25 years
Standing Volume
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Annual harvest volumes
• 6.4 million m3 (4.8 million m3 is from the Coast) in log form.
• This volume results in approx. 1 billion board feet of sawn timber.
Drastic Changes in Methods:
• Variable retention and helicopter logging are widely practiced and keeps the forest structure intact.
Harvesting Practices
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Harvesting Practices
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Helicopter Logging
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Helicopter Logging
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Variable Retention
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Reforestation
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Global Forest Certification
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Certification in Canada & BC
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•FSC – limited availability, due to lack of regional standard. Currently limited commercial availability.
•SFI (Sustainable Forestry Initiative) –evaluates forest practices using a tough standard of environmental principles, objectives, performance measures and core indicators.
•CSA (Canadian Standards Assoc) -evaluates forest practices and performance using internationally recognized criteria that are adapted to local conditions through a transparent public participation process.
Certification in BC
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BC Forests by Certification Scheme
BC Canada BC %
CSA 33.1 76.0 44.6
SFI 18.1 38.9 46.5
FSC 1.0 25.5 3.9
• Figures in Million Hectares
• Source: SFI – July 2008
Certification in BC
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Life Cycle Assessment
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Life Cycle Assessment
Embodied Environmental Impacts of Various Exterior Wall Systems
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Wood Steel Concrete
Total Energy Use Lowest 140 % more 70 % more
Greenhouse Gases Lowest 45 % more 81 % more
Air Pollution Lowest 42 % more 67 % more
Water Pollution Lowest 1900 % more 90 % more
Solid Waste Lowest 36 % more 96 % more
Ecological Resource Use Lowest 16 % more 97 % more
Life Cycle Assessment
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Made with Solar Energy
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Characteristic What is means
Dimensional Stability Lays flat & stays straight
Natural DurabilityResists rot/decay with natural preservatives
Presence of Thujic Acid Prevents insect attack
Free of pitch & resin Readily accepts a wide range of finishes
Straight grain & uniform texture
Easy to cut, saw, nail & glue
Light weight Easy to transport & handle
Class II Flame Spread Resists the spread of fire
Thermal Insulator Energy efficient; does not transfer heat
Acoustic properties Noise insulation and absorption
Natural Aesthetics Unmatched warmth and beauty
WRC Unique Characteristics
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Western Red Cedar Siding
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Clear Siding Grades
Clear VG Heart
NLGA 200a/201a
WCLIB 102b/106aa
Siding Grades
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A Clear
NLGA 200b/201b
WCLIB 106a
Clear Siding Grades
Siding Grades
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Knotty Siding Grades
Select Knotty
NLGA 204a/205a
WCLIB 111e
ProprietaryWRCLA Members produce custom grades of high quality knotty siding.
Siding Grades
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Common Bevel Profiles:
Specialty profiles such as wavy edge bevel are also available from select manufacturers.
Rabbeted bevel siding
Bevel siding, thickness measured at the butt
Siding Options
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Common Paneling/T&G Profiles:
Siding Options
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Common Lap Siding Profiles:
Siding Options
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Western Red Cedar Decking
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A GradeNLGA 200b/202b
Clear Board & Decking Grades
Decking Grades
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Knotty Board & Decking Grades
Select KnottyNLGA 126a/204a
ProprietaryWRCLA Members produce high quality knotty boards & decking suitable for appearance end uses
Decking Grades
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Western Red Cedar Timbers
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Clear Timber Grades
#2 Clear & Better Export R List 401
Used as finished material or raw material for finely manufactured products.
Timber Grades
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Clear Timber Grades
#4 ClearExport R List 65a
Timber Grades
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Knotty Timber Grades
AppearanceHigh quality knotty timbers
graded for appearance end
uses
Timber Grades
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Engineered Western Red Cedar
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Other Products Include:
• Fascia and trim
• Screening – Privacy Lattice
• Outdoor Furniture
• Balusters & Handrails
• Sidewall Shingle panels
• Custom Profiles & Products
You’re limited only by your imagination.
Western Red Cedar Products
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Project:
The Kilternan Hotel
Ireland.
Commercial Projects
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Project: IJsselstein (Netherlands)
Commercial Projects
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Project: Retail Outlet (United States)
Commercial Projects
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Project: Law Courts, Bordeaux, France
Commercial Projects
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Project: Winery (New Zealand)
Commercial Projects
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Project: Retail Complex (Australia)
Commercial Projects
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Project: Langley Academy of Science (Berkshire, U.K.)
Commercial Projects
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Project: Langley Academy of Science (Berkshire, U.K.)
Commercial Projects
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Project: UCD Virus Reference Lab, Ireland
Institutional Projects
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Project location: Private School (United States)
Institutional Projects
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Project: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (United States)
Institutional Projects
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Project: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (United States)
Institutional Projects
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Project: University of Cambridge (UK)
Institutional Projects
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Project: National Assembly of Wales (UK)
Institutional Projects
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Project: The Mint, Historic Houses Trust (Australia)
Institutional Projects
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Project: Multi-Family Residence (Canada)
Residential Projects
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Residential Projects
Project: Multi-Family Residence (Australia)
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Project: Private Residence (Australia)
Residential Projects
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Project: Private Residence (Chobham, Surrey, UK)
Residential Projects
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Project: Private Residence (United States)
Residential Projects
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Residential Projects
Project: Private Residence (United States)
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Residential Projects
Project: Private Cottage (Canada)
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Product: Cedar windows and doors (Australia)
Residential Projects
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Product: Cedar shutters and Venetian blinds (Australia)
Residential Projects
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Project: Private Residence (Canada)
Outdoor Living Projects
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Project: Private Residence (Ireland)
Outdoor Living Projects
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Project: Private Residence (United States)
Outdoor Living Projects
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Project: Private Residence (Canada)
Outdoor Living Projects
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Product: Knotty Cedar Decking
Cedar is the environmentally friendly
choice for decking
Outdoor Living Projects
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Project: Private Residence (Canada) Product: Knotty Timbers and trim, clear decking and shingles
Outdoor Living Projects
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General Rules
• Acclimatize prior to installation
• Use proper wall construction
• Prevent rain penetration
• Prime or seal all surfaces prior to installation
• Use the appropriate fasteners and follow recommended nailing patterns
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Provide for Nailing Base
•Horizontal applications
•Vertical applications
Vapor Barrier
•Non-permeable
•Installed on warm side of stud
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
Wall Construction – The Basics
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Siding InstallationWood Frame Construction
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Siding InstallationHorizontal siding on concrete or brick and block.
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Siding InstallationVertical siding on concrete or brick and block
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Max. Lumber sizes Spacing
Nominal Actual Preferred Max
Blocking 2x2 1 ½ x 1 ½ 16 24
Battens over sheathing 1x2 ¾ x 1 ½ 16 24
Battens over masonry walls 2x2 1 ½ x 1 ½ 16 24
Lumber Size and Spacing
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
Measurements in inches
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Use the Correct Fastener
•Stainless Steel (preferred)
•304 Stainless
•316 Stainless
•Aluminum
•Galvanized
•Hot dipped galvanized.
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Fasteners - Important Features
•Thin Shank
•Ring or Spiral Shank
•Blunt Tip
•Textured Head
•Proper Length
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Rules for Fastening
•All WRC siding patterns are face nailed (except the narrow profiles of T&G)
•All joints should meet on solid surfaces
•Solid nailing should be spaced at max of 24” on center, max 16” on center if installed over batten strips or without sheathing
•Ring or spiral shank nails should penetrate solid wood 1 ¼ inches.
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Apply Coating Before Installation
Reason for Sealing All Surfaces:
•Keeps Wood From Absorbing moisture Unequally
•Can Increase the Service Life of Finish Coat
•Helps Prevent Extractive Staining
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Prevent Moisture Penetration
• Install Breathable Building Paper
• Miter Cut Joints and Seal
• Use Flashing on Horizontal Trim Pieces
• Use Flashing at the Top of Windows and Doors
• Caulk Where siding Abuts Vertical Trim
• Understand the Rainscreen Principle When Installing
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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•Trim and siding that extends down to a roof and decks requires a minimum of a 2” gap to avoid wicking.
•Trim, such as water table or skirt boards must be a minimum of 6” above the grade.
Siding Installation
Source: Western Red Cedar Lumber Association www.wrcla.org
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Five Basic Finishes:
• Transparent
• Semi-transparent
• Solid Color Stain
• Paint
• Bleaching Oils
Enhance the versatility of Western Red Cedar
Finishing Western Red Cedar
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Solid Color Stains and Paints
• Perform best on textured surfaces. They are non-penetrating and form a film
• Use a stain-blocking primer followed by a 100% acrylic latex-based top coat
• Apply stain to all six surfaces.
Finishing Western Red Cedar
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Semi Transparent Stains
• Latex or oil-based.
• Allows the natural beauty of the wood
• Reduced protection from ultraviolet light.
• Latex stains do not penetrate the surface.
• Apply stain to all six surfaces.
Finishing Western Red Cedar
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• Water repellants suitable for above ground uses.
• Reduces water absorption in the short term.
• Accentuates Cedar’s natural beauty but has limited UV protection.
• The addition of a fungicide that inhibits the growth of mildew and fungi is recommended.
Finishing Western Red Cedar
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Protect Your investment:
• Periodic, preventative maintenance helps coating performance.
• Power washers are not recommended.
• Dilute bleach and cleaners to the minimum strength necessary to accomplish their task.
• Oxygen bleach is preferred for treating mold & mildew growth.
• Use wood brighteners to remove weathered fibers before applying finishes.
• Always rinse thoroughly after cleaning, and follow the coating manufacturers instructions
Finishing Western Red Cedar
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• Western Red Cedar is legal, sustainable and renewable.
• Western Red Cedar siding and decking have the lowest environmental impact of commonly available materials.
• WRC is ideal for a broad range of applications owing to its unique properties and aesthetics.
• No warranty can match WRC’s centuries of proven performance.
• When specifying grades, use industry standards to ensure the right product is used on your project.
• Remember the old adage “You get what you pay for”.
• Your clients will appreciate the natural beauty and unsurpassed performance of Western Red Cedar.
Western Red Cedar - Summary
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On Web:www.wrcla.orgwww.architect-gallery.org
Key WRC Literature Available (free of charge)Growth, Properties, & Uses of Western Red CedarHow To Specify Western Red CedarHow To Install Western Red Cedar sidingGuide to Finishing Western Red Cedar
Architect Advisory ServicesWestern Red Cedar experts available to assist with selection, specification, sourcing and application.
Online Training Tool (AIA Certified)www.cedar-training.org
WRCLA Resources
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WRCLA Contacts
WRCLA Head Office#1501 – 700 West Pender StVancouver, B.C. Canada V6C 1G8TF. 1 866 778 9096Tel. 604 891 1232Fax. 604 687 [email protected]
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Thank you
Western Red Cedar