Western Canadian Experience with

New and Innovative Pavement Surfaces

Art Johnston

Canadian User Producer Group for Asphalt

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island

November, 2006

MANITOBA INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2005-06 – Using PG 58-34 for all New Construction

• Waived Elastic Recovery Requirement in 2006

2002-06 – Incremental Increase in Micro-surfacing Program

• Other than some bleeding in 2003 Projects, Good Performance

ISSUES

Initially limited Contractor Capability for Micro-surfacing, now better

Suitable Aggregates for Micro-surfacing has been a problem (resulting in increased cost)

FUTURE INIATIVES

Planning for CIR & Surface Treatment for low volume road applications in 2007

CITY OF WINNIPEG

RECENT EXPERIENCE

Two Pilot Projects completed with ARA (Anti-Rutting Additive) Incorporation of clean 5mm minus Limestone Chips to Improve Rutting Performance at intersections

• Good Performance after Three Years

Incorporating 10% RAP in Mixes for Residential Renewal Projects

• Performing equal to or better than Standard Mix

ISSUES

Increased Material and Labour

Costs (20% - 30% in 2006)

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2006 – Superpave Coarse Grading w/ PG 70-22

• High Traffic Border Crossing

2004 – Asphalt Rubber Project (CTAA 2005)

• Significant Cost Premium

2003 – Small SMA Demonstration Project (Victoria Region)

• Draindown / Temperature Problems (No Fiber)

-2006 - Several OGFC Projects (CTAA 2001)

• Over 10 Years of Experience, Positive Results

Several Micro-Surfacing Projects (CTAA 2005)

• Good Performance

Seal Coat w/ Polymer Modified Emulsion Project

• Mixed Reviews, Some Bleeding

BRITISH COLUMBIA MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION

ISSUES

Superpave Mixes now specified for 30% of Projects

• Coarse Graded only, not interested in Fine Graded

• Quality Aggregate in Lower Mainland (No Cost Premium)

• PGAC on only a few projects

FUTURE INIATIVES

OGFC Surfacing will be used on the entire Sea-To-Sky Highway (including bridge decks)

BRITISH COLUMBIA MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION

CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF DELTA

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2003 – Open Graded Friction Course

One Superpave Coarse Graded mix for Truck Route

• Good Performance, Improved Safety

ISSUES

Storage for Specialty Binders and Issue for Contractors

Increased Costs for Small Quantities of Specialty Mix (up to 60% Premium)

CITY OF VANCOUVER

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2004-05 – Use of PG 76-22 Modified Binder

ISSUES

Use of RAP

* Western Canadian User-Producer Exchange, Issue No. 1, Novemeber 2005

CITY OF KELOWNA

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2004 – Superpave Fine Graded w/ PG 76-28 used on two Highway 97 Intersections

• Very Good Performance, Minimal Rutting

2006 – Continued Use of Superpave Fine w/ 80-100 A

ISSUES

In Some Cases Contractor Capability for Superpave

Suitable Aggregates and Binders have been available, but Increasing Costs are a Concern

FUTURE INIATIVES

Interested in Warm Mix Asphalt

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2005 – 20km Asphalt Rubber Project

• Positive, Reduced Reflective Cracking

2005-06 – Thin Lift HMA Overlays on High Volume Roadways

• Generally Good

2006 – 1st Washed Chip Seal w/ CRS Emulsion

• Early Indications Positive

ISSUES

Asphalt Rubber Blending Capability Now in Province

Increased Use of Manufactured Aggregates

FUTURE INIATIVES

Asphalt Rubber R & D (Various Thicknesses)

SASKCHEWAN HIGHWAYS & TRANSPORTATION

CITY OF SASKATOON

RECENT EXPERIENCE

2004 - Thin Lift Overlays (20mm) using PMA

Extensive use of Micro-surfacing since 1998

High Stability Mixes w/ various PGAC (including PMA) for Arterial Streets

PMA Bridge Mastic Mixes

* Western Canadian User-Producer Exchange, Issue No. 1, Novemeber 2005

CITY OF REGINARECENT EXPERIENCE

Using Modified Binders on Major Roadways for past 8 years with Aggregates meeting Superpave Requirements

• Initial Performance Positive, Reduced Reflective Cracking

Using 100-120 mm Replacement Depth for Intersection Treatments

ISSUES

Difficulties with Hand Work using Superpave Mixes and Compaction needs to be completed quickly

Fumes Identified as an Issue on Hot / Calm Days

FUTURE INIATIVES

Considering Crumb Rubber Mix

Pilot Project

RECENT EXPERIENCE

Modified Binders PG 54-34, 58-37, 70-28, 76-31

• Generally Positive Experience (CTAA 2006)

2002-06 Asphalt Rubber Gap Graded

• Very Expensive and No Improved Performance

• Two 2004 Projects Failed (raveling) requiring M & I

Chip Seal with Polymer Modified Emulsion

• Positive

Micro-surfacing Rut Filling & Surface Treatment

• Surface Treatment (Service Period 4-6 years)

Superpave Mixes discontinued in 2001 (CTAA 2006)

ALBERTA INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION

ISSUES

Asphalt Availability an Issue in 2006

Contractor Capability & Aggregate Availability seen as issues for mixes such as SMA

Cost of Modified Binders makes it difficult to justify based on LCCA

FUTURE INIATIVES

Continue to Explore Options

•Including SMA for Intersections

ALBERTA INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION

CITY OF LETHBRIDGERECENT EXPERIENCE

2006 – Superpave Fine Graded w/ PG 64-28

2002 – Asphalt Rubber w/ 150/200 A

• Poor Initial Performance (Raveling)

2002-05 – Terminal Blend Rubber Modified Binder

• Good Performance

2002 & 2005 – SMA w/ PG 70-28

• Very Good Performance

Superpave Coarse Graded and

Fine Graded (PG 70-28, 150/200)

• Specified for All New

Major Road Construction

CITY OF LETHBRIDGE

ISSUES

Non-PMA Binders Being Used to Reduce Cost Premium

Partnering & Shared Risk Approach used for Implementing Specialty Mixes (e.g. SMA)

FUTURE INITIATIVES

Examine Appropriateness of Superpave Moisture Susceptibility Criteria

Examine Reduced Design Gyrations (75 for < 5 Million ESALs)

CITY OF CALGARYRECENT EXPERIENCE

SMA, Superpave Coarse & Fine Graded, Asphalt Rubber (Wet & Dry Process, Sulphur Extended Asphalt Modifier, Manufactured Shingle Modifier, Warm Mix Asphalt (CTAA 2006)

• Good Rutting Performance with SMA

• Good Overall Performance with Asphalt Rubber discontinuation of subsidy could effect future)

• Good Performance with PG 70 & 76, but more use of PG 64-31 (lower cost premium) Superpave Fine (PG 64-31) designed with 75 Gyrations has worked well

• Superpave Fine designed to 100 gyrations have been inconsistent in performance (low AC, raveling)

• Concern with emissions with SEAM,

no advantages evident

(still can smell 2 years later)

CITY OF CALGARY

ISSUES

Cost Premium with Premium Mixes (performance experience justifies cost)

Contractor Capability Typically not an Issue (inconsistent performance once or twice a year)

Cost Escalation and Lack of Bidding Contractors

FUTURE INITIATIVES

Goal is to work towards a long term strategy for regular and premium mix applications

CITY OF EDMONTONRECENT EXPERIENCE

Superpave w/ PG 54-34 & PMA I

• Poor Rutting Performance with PMA I

Asphalt Rubber w/ 150/200 A & 80/100 A

• Poor Performance Initial 2 Years (Raveling)

• Recent years may be better

• Some Constructability Issues / Placement Temperature

SMA w/ PG 70-28 & PG 76-28 (CTAA 2004)

• Excellent Performance on High Traffic Applications (Yellowhead Trail,

Whitemud Dr.

and Intersections)

CITY OF EDMONTON

ISSUES

Aggregate Quality is an issue in Edmonton

• Aggregate Cost Premium for Specialty Mixes

• Quarried SMA Aggregate Imported

PMA Binder Cost, and in some cases availability, a issue

Contractor Capability an issue with new products until comfort level gained – May have caused some past problems

FUTURE INIATIVES

Currently looking at Warm Mix Asphalt as a

potential new process

Leonnie Kavanagh – Manitoba Highways

Darwin Kupskay – City of Winnepeg

Magdy Beshara – Saskatchewan Highways & Transportation

Harlan Ritchie – City of Regina

Mike Oliver – BC Ministry of Transporation

Bill Mahoney – City of Kelowna

Harold Fograscher – Corporation of the City of Delta

Chuck McMillan – Alberta Infrastructure & Transportation

Ken Yeung – City of Calgary

Hugh Donovan – City of Edmonton

Leonnie Kavanagh – Manitoba Highways

Darwin Kupskay – City of Winnepeg

Magdy Beshara – Saskatchewan Highways & Transportation

Harlan Ritchie – City of Regina

Mike Oliver – BC Ministry of Transporation

Bill Mahoney – City of Kelowna

Harold Fograscher – Corporation of the City of Delta

Chuck McMillan – Alberta Infrastructure & Transportation

Ken Yeung – City of Calgary

Hugh Donovan – City of Edmonton

THANK YOU