west & central africa chapter #22. i. natural environments a) landforms: a) landforms: el djouf?...
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West & Central AfricaWest & Central AfricaChapter #22Chapter #22
I. Natural EnvironmentsI. Natural Environments
A) Landforms: A) Landforms: El Djouf?El Djouf?Major Rivers? (2)Major Rivers? (2)Coastline? Coastline?
B. ClimatesB. Climates
Climates?Climates?Zonal?Zonal?Northern climates?Northern climates?Sahel? Sahel?
C. The SahelC. The Sahel
Occupation of residents?Occupation of residents?Human-environment interaction?Human-environment interaction?Desertification? Desertification?
D. Tropical EnvironmentsD. Tropical Environments
Climates south of Sahel?Climates south of Sahel?Climate around Equator?Climate around Equator?
Vegetation? Vegetation? Canopy? Canopy?
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E. Natural ResourcesE. Natural Resources
Resources?Resources?Most valuable? Where?Most valuable? Where?
Cacao? Cacao? Where is it native to?Where is it native to?World’s leading producer? World’s leading producer?
Locals do NOT Locals do NOT
benefit from oilbenefit from oilOil $ = corruptOil $ = corrupt
politicians politicians
Akaralu is 10 to 15 degrees hotter than neighboring villages. (Nigeria)
The village is crushed by complete poverty, despite the millions of dollars of oil that gushes out of their lands every year.
Video on Niger Delta oilMovement for the Emancipation of Movement for the Emancipation of
the Niger Delta (MEND) the Niger Delta (MEND)
II. History & CultureII. History & Culture
Early civilizations of West Africa Early civilizations of West Africa Ghana (300 – 1200)Ghana (300 – 1200)Mali (1200 – 1500)Mali (1200 – 1500)Songhai (1350 – 1600)Songhai (1350 – 1600)Ashanti (1650 – 1900)Ashanti (1650 – 1900)Fulani (1000 – 1800) Fulani (1000 – 1800)
Controlled trade across Sahara betw. Tropical Af.& Med. Coast
A. Contact with EuropeA. Contact with Europe
Euro. explorers (1400s) (Portuguese)Euro. explorers (1400s) (Portuguese)Water route to Asia?Water route to Asia?Gold? Gold? Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Euros. bought slaves from coastal Af. Euros. bought slaves from coastal Af. leaders in exchange for gunsleaders in exchange for guns
# of slaves to Amer?# of slaves to Amer?
B. Scramble for AfricaB. Scramble for Africa
1884-1885:1884-1885: Berlin Conference: Berlin Conference:Euro. leaders “cut up” Africa w/no Euro. leaders “cut up” Africa w/no
regard for its landforms, climate regions, regard for its landforms, climate regions, or culturesor culturesEthnic groups were divided Ethnic groups were divided
1900:1900: All of Africa under Euro. rule All of Africa under Euro. rule Exploited Africa’s resources:Exploited Africa’s resources:
Agricultural products (cash crops) Agricultural products (cash crops) Minerals (gold, copper, iron ore) Minerals (gold, copper, iron ore)
C. The Postcolonial EraC. The Postcolonial Era
Length of colonial era?Length of colonial era?
D. CultureD. Culture
Africa’s triple heritage? Africa’s triple heritage? Niger-Congo language familyNiger-Congo language familyReligion(s)? Religion(s)? Education? Education?
Staple crops vs. Cash crops?Staple crops vs. Cash crops?Millet & Sorghum? Millet & Sorghum?
III. The Region TodayIII. The Region Today
Dual economy? Dual economy? Primary vs. Secondary Products? Primary vs. Secondary Products? Largest cities? Largest cities?
A. Issues & ChallengesA. Issues & Challenges
Economic development?Economic development?What is hindering it? What is hindering it?
Population growth?Population growth?Destruction of Destruction of
environment? environment? Disease? Disease?
……that’s all folks!!that’s all folks!!