well, first there was a king. (king george iii) popular sovereignty: a doctrine in political theory...
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U.S. Government Today . . . How Did We Get Here?!&%^#)
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“Divine Right” Political Philosophy
Well, first there was a king. (King George III)
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“Enlightenment” Political Philosophy Popular Sovereignty: a doctrine in political theory
that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.
Republic: a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing according to law.
Federal b: a form of government in which power is distributed between a central authority and a number of constituent territorial units
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The Constitution Created a “Limited Government”
The drafters of theConstitution purposefullycreated a federalgovernment limited in itsauthority to pass lawsonly in the areas listed inArticle 1. Rest ofauthority given to theStates or the people (inthe Bill of Rights)themselves.
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Bill of Rights Defines and guarantees the
fundamental rights of all Americans:• Freedom of religion, speech and press• Right to bear arms• Freedom from unreasonable search and seizure• Rights of accused not to incriminate self, not be
tried twice, etc. • Right of accused to speedy, fair trial • No cruel and unusual punishment. Plus fair bail.
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Federalism Separation of power between the
federal (national) level of government and the state levels.
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Levels of Government/Levels of Laws
Local Government=Local laws (ordinances) State Government=State laws (statutes) Federal Government=Federal laws
(statutes)
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Discuss State, Fed or Local?
Crossing state borders with drugs is illegal
You must display a city sticker on your vehicle
It is illegal to kill another person State taxes are due by January 1,
2016 under penalty of law
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Supremacy Clause
Federal law is superior to and overrides state law when they conflict.
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Federalism and the Courts Because of federalism, we have
BOTH federal courts and state courts.
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Separation of PowersThree branches with different powers:Legislative: Makes LawsExecutive: Enforces LawsJudicial Branch: Interpret Laws
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Checks and Balances Each branch has
the power to “check” the powers of the other two branches.
EX. The legislative branch can override a presidential veto.
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Judicial Review Courts can declare laws
unconstitutional.
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What Amendment Applies?
In the City of Chicago guns are prohibited.
What about just automatic weapons?
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What Amendment Applies?
The police believe an endangered child is inside a house. They barge in without first getting a warrant.
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What Amendment Applies?
Cook County jail prisoners are only served soy meat on white bread sandwiches every day. Some inmates complain of consistent stomach pains.
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What Amendment Applies?
Jones College Prep students want to protest Donald Trump’s campaign and do so by wearing red bandanas. School officials prohibit this claiming it is a distraction.