Welcome

to your Library!

Freshman Research Orientation 2011

What is Research?Researchers…OBSERVE or EXPERIMENT on a topic in the real world. READ A LOT of sources and use info from them TO BACK UP THEIR OPINIONS.

Researchers DON’T…Summarize another source…that’s a book report!Copy from other sources…that’s plagiarism!Give an opinion with no backup from other sourcesPut stuff in a paper that they don’t understand

Research makes a lot of people feel like this…

WHY do we do it?Curiosity & interest!To make informed decisions.To become an expert.To make the world better. To give our opinions WEIGHT and to persuade

people.?

The Change Project

For the Change Annotated Bibliography, you need:

At least 3 different sources

Of at least 3 different kinds

Types of Sources

Book Reference Periodical

WebsiteInterviewPamphlet

How Can The Library Help You?

How do I find a book in the library?1. Go to www.irvington.org/library2. Click on Library Catalog3. Click on Irvington4. Search using keywords5. Write down the number6. Find your book!

How do References work?Alphabetical orderMany volumesLook for author of articleLook for the article titleDon’t need publication info

Your turn!

Book Citation

Bily, Cynthia A. Pollution. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2007. Print.

• If more than one date given, use the most recent.• If more than one city, use the first.

Reference Citation

Smith, Homer. “Mexico.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 2003. Print.

If no author given, leave it out.

Why Can’t We Just ?

-Peer reviewed sources-Avoid “click and grab” searching

•Sources may not be reliable•Letting the search engine choose for you•Not enough diversity

You CAN Google if you do it the smart way…

How to …Smarter Tip #1

KEYWORDS, NOT whole sentences.

How does solar power work and how can it save money and help our environment?

Solar powerSolar power costEnergy costsSolar power benefitsRenewable energyGreen energyGreen technology

Add to your keywords as you search!

Your turn!

How to …Smarter Tip #2Narrow or Broaden Results

Look at your results, and Narrow or Broaden keywords to get better results!

If you find TOO FEW sources, BROADEN:Motor oil pollution in storm drains Water pollutionIf you find TOO MANY or IRRELEVANT

sources, NARROW:Endangered species Burrowing owlEndangered species Fremont, CA

Your turn!

How to …Smarter Tip #3Evaluate Your SourcesWhen you find a site, ask yourself:-WHO made it?-WHY?-WHEN?

ABCs of website evaluation

AuthorityBiasCurrency

Your turn!

Remember:•WHO made it? (Authority)•WHY? (Bias)•WHEN? (Currency)

•Don’t Forget First impressions: What you can tell just from a URL!

Once You Find a Source…1. Read it!Scan the article to make sure it’s usefulRead the article carefullyHighlight or take notes on useful facts2. Use it!As you’re writing your paper, use those facts

as backup, like proof in courtLike a lawyer, you have to make your own

argument!Cite your sources…don’t plagiarize!

Don’t PLAGIARIZE!Did you know that if you CUT AND PASTE

from a websiteOR even if you just borrow an IDEA and put it

in your own words…And you don’t cite it…

It’s cheating? Yikes!

Instead of Plagiarizing, there are 2 choices…

1. Paraphrase! That means put the information

completely in your own words, with a citation.

Or…2. Use direct quotations!

That means you use the authors words, with “quotation marks around them” and a citation.

Parenthetical CitationsThe BIG rules:1.Everything you cite in your paper MUST be in

your Works Cited page, and everything in your Works Cited page MUST have a parenthetical citation in your paper!

2.The parenthetical citation should match with the first thing in the Works Cited entry. For example…

Burrowing owls are an endangered species because of their habitat. “Burrowing owls live in underground dens that are easily threatened by construction projects and other human activity” (Miller 55). Even if construction crews don’t hurt owls, construction can still harm the species because they become too afraid to lay eggs. Burrowing owl populations have gone down by 45% in the last ten years (“Threatened Bird Statistics”). Construction companies need to look for burrowing owls before they start working on a new project.

Parenthetical citations: The author and page numberOR the page title right after the fact or quote. Give paragraph numbers if the source does.

Annotated BibliographyA bibliography is a list of all the sources you used to find information.

An annotated bibliography has a paragraph under each source describing what it is and what you used from it.

Special Rules for This Project…• For the Change Project, the paragraph

has to contain a FACT or QUOTATION from your source, with a CITATION.

• It should go like this:-Describe the source-Share a Useful Fact from the source-With a Parenthetical Citation!-Give an Explanation of why the fact is

relevant to your topic

Example:This book tells people how to compost for their garden. Composting is important because we don’t have enough space for all our trash. “Roughly one-third of all waste dumped in landfills across the United States consists of garden clippings and kitchen waste” (Bell 11). This shows that a lot of our trash space is taken up by things like plants and food that could be composted instead.

Website Citation“Iran.” The World Factbook. Central

Intelligence Agency, 20 Dec. 2008. Web. 6 Mar. 2009. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ir.html>.

Go back to the HOME PAGE to find the site name. If there’s an author, their name goes first.Make sure the URL is NOT a hyperlink (underlined & blue).

If Word turns it into one, hit “Undo” (Ctrl + z) right away.

How do I find a periodical?

•Alameda County Library online:

www.aclibrary.org

How do I tell if a website is a periodical?

Is it a magazine or newspaper?

Is it published periodically, at regular periods of time like daily, weekly, or monthly?

Periodical CitationWildermuth, John. “Polls Agree on Debate

but Split on Election.” San Francisco

Chronicle 5 Oct. 2004: A1. Print.

Levy, Steven. “Great Minds, Great Ideas.”

Newsweek 27 May 2002: 15-17. Print.

Online periodical

Levy, Steven. “Great Minds, Great Ideas.”

Newsweek 27 May 2002. Web. 18 Oct.

2010.

<http://www.msnbc.com/News/754336.as

p>.

Your turn!

Put it all together…this is one Works Cited page entry, with annotation.

Ball, Jeff. Easy Composting. New York: Ortho

Books, 1992. Print.This book tells people how to compost for

their garden. Composting is important because we don’t have enough space for all our trash. “Roughly one-third of all waste dumped in landfills across the United States consists of garden clippings and kitchen waste” (Bell 11). This shows that a lot of our trash space is taken up by things like plants and food that could be composted instead.

Images Cited“LA Now.” LATimes.com. Los Angeles Times, 1 June, 2009. Web. 14

Oct. 2009 <http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/books/>.“Books, books, books, and ‘Books.’” ArtsJournal.com. July 2008.

Web. 14 Oct. 2009 <http://www.artsjournal.com/bookdaddy/2008/07/>.

“The World Book Encyclopedia is a Really Good Reference Source.” Hunter’s Online References. 2006. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://www.hunterevans.com/references.html>.

“Newsletter.” Newton’s Window. SuzanneSutton.com, 27 Aug 2007. Web. 14 Oct. 2009 <http://www.suzannesutton.com/joinus.htm>.