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ANDHRA PRADESH – 2011 Census

TOTAL POPULATION - 4.96 Crores

ST POPULATION - 27.58 Lakhs

% of ST POPULATION - 5.56

ST COMMUNITIES - 34

Communities declared as ST Throughout the State – 31

Communities declared as ST only in Agency Area – 3

(Goudu, Nayak and Valmiki)

2

List of Scheduled Tribes in Andhra Pradesh

1) Andh, Sadhu Andh

2) Bagata

3) Bhil

4) Chenchu

5) Gadabas, Bodo Gadaba, Gutob Gadaba, Kallayi Gadaba, Parangi Gadaba, Kathera Gadaba, Kapu Gadaba

6) Gond, Naikpod, Rajgond, Koitur

7) *Goudu (in the Agency tracts)

8) *Hill Reddis

9) Jatapus

10) *Kammara

11) Kattunayakan

12) Kolam, Kolawar

13) *Konda Dhoras, Kubi

14) *Konda Kapus

15) *Kondareddis

16) Kondhs, Kodi, Kodhu, Desaya Kondhs, Dongria Kondhs, Kuttiya Kondhs, Tikiria Kondhs, Yenity Kondhs, Kuvinga

17) *Kotia, Bentho Oriya, Bartika, Dulia, Holva, Sanrona, Sidhopaiko

3

Contd…

4

18) Koya, Doli Koya, Gutta Koya, Kammara Koya, Musara Koya,Oddi Koya, Pattidi Koya, Rajah, Rasha Koya, Lingadhari Koya (ordinary), Kottu Koya, Bhine Koya, Rajkoya.

19) Kulia

20) Malis

21) *Manna Dhora

22) Mukha Dhora, Nooka Dhora

23) *Nayaks (in the Agency tracts)

24) Pardhan

25) Porja, Parangiperja

26) *Reddi Dhoras

27) Rona, Rena

28) Savaras, Kapu Savaras, Maliya Savaras, Khutto Savaras

29) Sugalis, Lambadis, Banjara

30) *Valmiki (Scheduled Areasof Vishakhapatnam, Srikakulam, Vijayanagram, East Godavari and West Godavari districts)

31) Yenadis, Chella Yenadi, Kappala Yenadi, Manchi Yenadi, Reddi Yenadi

32) Yerukulas, Koracha, Dabba Yerukula, Kunchapuri Yerukula, Uppu Yerukula

33) Nakkala, Kurvikaran

34) *Dhulia, Paiko, Putiya (in the districts of Vishakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram)

* - Certificates should be issued by RDO/ Sub- Collector or Assistant Collector Concerned in Non- Scheduled areas.

List of Scheduled Tribes in Andhra Pradesh… Contd..

MAJOR TRIBES BASED ON POPULATION (2011 Census)

Sl. No.

TRIBE POPULATION (Lakhs)

% toTotal ST Population

1 Yanadi 5.78 20.96

2 Sugali 3.62 13.13

3 Yerukula 3.29 11.93

4 Konda Dora 2.11 7.65

5 Savara 1.38 5.00

6 Bagata 1.33 4.82

7 Jatapu 1.27 4.60

8 Koya 1.04 3.77

9 Kondh 1.02 3.70

10 Konda Reddi 0.91 3.30

11 Kammara 0.49 1.78

Contd…. 5

MAJOR TRIBES BASED ON POPULATION (2011 Census)

Sl. No.

TRIBE POPULATION (Lakhs)

% to Total ST Population

12 Chenchu 0.47 1.70

13 Mukhadora 0.42 1.52

14 Gadaba 0.38 1.38

15 Porja 0.36 1.30

16 Generic Tribes (unspecified) 0.75 2.72

Note: Tribe Wise Population of 7 Mandals of Khammam district transferred to AP are not available. There will be meager variation in % to total ST Population.

Contd….

6

Traditional Area of Habitation of Major STs in A.P

Sl.No TRIBE AREA

1 Bagata Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram

2 Chenchu Nallamala Forest area spread in Kurnool, Prakasam, Guntur districts

3 Gadaba Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam districts

4 Goudu (in Agency Area)

Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and East Godavari districts

5 Jatapu Srikakulam, Vizianagaram districts

6 Kammara Visakhapatnam, East Godavari districts

7 Konda Dora Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, East Godavari and Srikakulam districts

8 Konda Reddy East Godavari, West Godavari districts

Contd…. 7

Sl.No TRIBE AREA

9 Khond Visakhapatnam, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts

10 Kotia Visakhapatnam, Srikakulam districts

11 Mali Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram districts

12 Manne Dora Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and East Godavari districts

13 Mukha Dora Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram districts

14 Nayak (in Agency Area)

West Godavari district

15 Porja Visakhapatnam, East Godavari districts

16 Savara Srikakulam, Vizianagaram districts

17 Sugali Anantapur, Guntur, Krishna, Prakasam, Kadapa and Chittoor districts

Traditional Area of Habitation of Major STs in A.P Contd….

8

Traditional Area of Habitation of Major STs in A.P

Sl no Tribe Area

18. Valmiki(in agency area) Visakhapatnam, East Godavari districts

19. Yanadi Nellore,Chittoor,Prakasam,Guntur and Kadapa districts

20 Yerukula Guntur,Prakasam,Nellore,Chittoor,Ananthapur,Kurnool,East&West Godavari districts

21. Nakkala Nellore,Chittoor,Kadapa,Krishna districts

Contd….

9

Scheduled Tribes

Article 366(25)

Article 342(1)and (2)

Notified separately for each state or Union Territory. Status of the same Community may vary from state to state.

Ex: Sugali/Lambada is a scheduled tribe in AP, and Telangana, Scheduled Caste in Karnataka and Backward class in Maharashtra.

10

Criteria for Specification

Indication of Primitive traits

Distinct Culture

Geographical isolation

Shyness of Contact with the Community at large and

Backwardness

1931 census

Report of the 1st Backward classes Commission (Kaka Kalelkar )1955

Advisory Committee on revision of SCs/STs lists(Lokur Committee)1965

Parliamentary Joint Committee on SCs/STs Orders (Amendment )Bill 1967(Chanda Committee)1969

11

Listing of Communities as Tribes- Different Nomenclatures

Criminal Tribes - 1871

Hill Tribes - 1917

Backward Tribes - 1936

Habitual Offenders - 1952

De-notified Tribes

Nomadic Tribes

Aboriginal Tribes

Scheduled Tribes - 1950

Primitive Tribes (PVTGs): Chenchu (1975-76), KondaReddi & Kolam (1980), Gadaba, Khond, Porja, Konda Savara (1982-83).

12

Sections (Act 16 of 1993)and Rules (GO.Ms No 58) relevant to the Competent Authorities

Section 2(C) (page No. 25 Girijana Samskruthi Book)

Competency-Area and Purpose

Scheduled Area-Tahsildars for all Communities

Non-scheduled area-Tahsildars for 22 Communities and Sub-Collector/Asst Collector/RDOs for 12 Communities.

Section 3(1) and (2)-Purpose of Community certificate (Page No. 20)

13

Contd….


Rule 5 (a) to(i) (page No. 26, 27) Issuance or rejection of Community certificate Application in Form-1 Scrutiny and acknowledgement Issue certificate within 30 days if satisfied with the

details and evidences furnished in the application If not conduct enquiry by calling applicant, parents or

guardians or knowledgeable relatives by giving notice in Form-IV and 15 days time but not more than 30 days time and then issue certificate or reject the claim

If rejected record the reasons

14

Contd….


Use the services of MRI/VDO/VAO in enquiry. Do not depend on the enquiry conducted by them. Responsibility lies with the competent authorities.

If the claim is from out side the traditional area of habitation of the community, refer to DTWO/Director, TCR&TI for guidance.

Incase of further doubtful nature in the claim (even after above efforts ) shall refer the case to DLSC

15

Contd….


Section (6) and Rule (6) (Page No. 27)

Burden of proof lies with the applicant

Section (9) and Rule (14) (Page No. 27)

Competent Authority shall have the powers of Civil Courts while holding an enquiry, in

Summoning and enforcing attendance of any person for examination

Requiring the discovery and production of any document

Receiving evidence on affidavits

Receiving any record or copy from any Court or office and

Issuing Commissions for examination of witnesses or documents

Contd….

16


Rule (15) (Page No. 102)

The District Collector shall initiate action on the person who obtained false certificate after its cancellation under sections 10, 11, 12 and on the competent authority who issued certificate under section 13.


Certificate issued as per the provisions of the Act and Rules is a permanent one (GO Ms NO.26 dt: 04-05-2015)


Duplicate certificate(application along with an affidavit on Rs 10 stamp paper

Contd….

17

Cultural aspects of major tribes

Bagata

18

Sub – divisions/ Synonyms

Division of the Tribe

Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

__

Korra, Killo, Gollori,

Pangi, Majji, Ballu,

Vonthala etc.,

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service,

By Levirate & Sororate

Nishani, Jakari, Sanku Devudu, Nandi Devudu, Ganga Devudu

Festivals: Chiathra, Kotha Panduga, Balli

Panduga,

Kula Panchayath

(Peddamanshi)


Chenchu

19



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

--- Surnames: Gulla,

Guthhaluri, Vuduthala, Nimmala,

Kudumula, Mandla, Arthi,

Kunicherla, Jalli, Tokala,

Mekala, Dasari etc.,

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Service, By Capture

Garelamassamma, Gollusamma,

Yellamma, Lingamayya,

Veerabhadrudu, Mallanna,

Narsimhaswamy, Manthanalamma.

Festivals:

All Hindu Festivals

KulaPanchayat Peddamanishi (Head Man)


Gadaba

20



Marriage Patterns Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Bodo or Gutub, Kathera or Gollori, Parangi or Kullayi

Todam or Dedabai,

Samidkil or Muventuer, Purikil or Parikinin

By Negotiation, By Mutual love &

elopement, By Service,

By Levirate, By Capture, By

intrusion

Jakari, Siamavaru,

Ratal Polamma

Muddilee (Maintains common

fund), Chukka

Murthagadu (Astrologer), Janni (Priest)


Goudu

21




Traditional Heads

Apoto Goud, Behera,

Dongayato, Barthika, Chitti

Goudu, Kausalya Goudu, Lachiya

Goudu

Korra, Pangi, Killo,

Vanthala, Gollori or Hanuman, Samardi,

Swabi, Karthari

By Negotiation, By Elopement, By

Service, By Capture, By Levirate

Sanku Devata, Nishani Devata, Jakara

Devata, Nandi

Devata, Takurani,

Sorumangala

Jati Nayak (Head Man)


Kammara

22



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Konda Kammara, Oja, Koya Kammara

Korra (Sun), Killo (Tiger), Ballu (Bear),

Samardi (Flower), Pangi

(Kite) etc.,

Surnames: As in other Tribals

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Service,

By Capture, By Levirate &

Sororate

Nishandevata, Sankudevata,

Jakiridevata and Gangalamma

Festivals:

Chaitrapurab (Itukulapanduga), Gangalammapand

uga, Kothapandugalu.

Similar to other tribes of

the area.


Konda Dhora

23




Traditional Heads

Konda Kapu, Kubi,

Konda Porja, Chinna Kondalu, Pedda Kondalu

Korra, Killa, Swabi,

Ontalu, Kimudu,

Pangi, Paralek,

Mandelek, Bidakar,

Somelunger

By Negotiation, By Elopement, By

Service, By Levirate, By Capture.

Bodo Devata, Sanku

Devata, Nisani Devata, Jakara Devata

Nayudu (Head), Borobai

(Advisor), Bariki

(Messenger)


Koya

24



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Synonyms: Koitur, Dorala

Sattam

Sub-divisions: Gutta Koya,

Gumma Koya, Kammara Koya,

Musara Koya, Pattidi Koya,

Lingadhari Koya, Racha Koya etc.,

Mudavagatta, Nalgavagatta, Aidavagatta

(Peramboyadu), Aaravagatta, Edavagatta

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service, By Levirate & Sororate

Mamili, Kommalamma,

Korrarajulu, Muthyalamma,

Kudidevara, Potharaju

Festivals:

Vijjipandum (Seeds

Charming), Kondala Kolupu

(Hill deities), Sammakka

Sarallam Jatara.

Kulapanchayath Poyi (Head

Man), Pinapedda

(Asst to Head Man),

Vyapari (Messenger),

Samuthudora.


Konda Reddi

25



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

PandavaReddi Intiperlu: Annam,

Aaraganti, Batta, Bondala,

Chedala, Dippala, Gamu,

Gatreddi, Kotla,

Madakam, Matta, Pallala,

Sagala, Thammala

etc.,

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service,

By Levirate, By Exchange

Mutyalamma, Bumidevi,

Gangamma

Festivals: Kothapandugalu,

Gangamma Panduga,

Vanadevudi Panduga,

Bhudevi Panduga

Kulapanchayath Peddakapu

(Head), Pinnapedda

(Asst to Head), Pujari (Priest)


26

Kondhs


Division of the Tribe Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Dongria Kondh, Desia Kondh, Kuttia Kondh, Tikiria Kondh, Yeneti Kondh,

Synonyms Kodu, Kondu, Kuinga, Jatapu dora, Samantha

Clans HH Deity By Negotiations

(Kaza Pendii), By elopement (Hopathathi),

By Service (Karjomi), By Capture

(Hasathanai) By Exchange

(Kunda Maske)

Jakeri Penu, Bhima Penu, Ruga Penu, Horu Penu, Jolla Penu, Toki Penu

Festivals: Hire Parbu,

Maha Parbu, Junanga Parbu, Kumda Parbu, Pairaka

Parbu, Bicha Parbu

Havantha (Head Man),

Chalani (Assistant),

Barika (Messanger)

, Pejjine (Priest), Pejjine buddi

(Priestes)

Hereka, Perska, Melleka, Sirika,

Hooika, Miniyeka

Holka, Mutaka, Kumrika Limmaka Niska

Mandinga

Killeka

Boikinga

Ganga Penu

Donga Penu Sitapenu

Sannulu Penu

Dodi penu

Hollupenu


Kotia

27




Traditional Heads

Bodo Kotiya Kotia Benthu,

Barthika, Dhulia Kotiya,

Sanronakotia Sano Kotiya

Holva Paiko, Putia Paiko, Munja

Paiko, Suddo Paiko

Killo, Korra, Bhallu,

Onthalu or Nag, Pangi,

Gollari, Matya, Rambi

By Mutual Love & Elopement, By Capture,

By Service, By Negotiations, By

Levirate

Nandi Devata,

Bodo Devta, Jakara

Devata or Nishani Devata, Sanku

Devudu

Nayak (Head), Barika

(Messanger)


Mali

28



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

1. Bodo Mali Khandya Mali Pondra Mali,

Kousalya Mali, Thangoor Mali, 2. Sono Mali Pannavi Mali

Dongriya Mali Sonkuval Mali

Korra, Killo, Vanthala, Gollori, Gemalla

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service, By Levirate

Bodo Devatha, Jakara Devatha, Nishan Devatha

Kulapanchayath


Manne Dora

29



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Mannerajulu

Killo, Matsya, Gollori, Korra,

Pangi, Naga

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service, By Levirate

Jakiri Devatha, Gangadevudu, Sankudevudu, Nandi Devudu, Bododevatha, Baliyadevatha

Kulapanchayath Kulapedda

(Headman), Elders

(Advisors)


Mukha Dora

30



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Nooka dora, Mooga dora, Reddi dora,

Sobarlu, Rachareddi,

Muka Raju, Reddi dora

Korra, Gammella, Naga, Killo,

Tangula, Kinchoyi

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Capture, By Service, By Levirate & Sororate

Jakiri Devatha, Gangadevudu, Sankudevudu,

Nishani Devatha, Bododevatha

Festivals:

Chitra Festival, Kothha panduga

----


Nayak

31



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals Traditional Heads

Pandava Nayakulu,

Padma Nayakulu

Surnames (Intiperlu):

Gurivindu, Vanama, Koyyala, Vadisela, Chikkala, Vasam,

Golisetti, Vuyyala, Chimidi, Naram,

Kinnara, Pagi, Gouri, Kola

etc.,

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Service, By Levirate

Muthyalamma, Maremma,

Kovvadamma, Maredugunda

pothanna, Chevulukonda

Singaramma, Kolleti Peddadevudu,

Pandavulu

Festivals: Peddammateertham,

Korrarajulatheertham, Kothapandugulu, Pothuraju festival

Kulapanchayath

Peddakapu (Head),

Chinnapedda (Asst),

Bantrothu (Messenger)


Sugali

32



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Banjara Lambadi

Bukya (Rathod), Chawhan, Vadthya (jadhav),

Banoth (Ade), Pamar,

By Negotiation By Service

By Levirate.

SevaBhaya, Merama, Seethala ,

Tulja Bhavani and other

Hindu deities.

Festivals: Holi, Teej,

Seethala and other

Hindu Festivals

Nayak (Head Man), Karobari (Advisor),

Dappaan (Messanger)

(Janghad System, Traditional Bards : Bhat Dhadi Musici Dhalia ans Navi - Barber Sonar - Gold Smith)


SAVARA

33




Traditional Heads

26 sub-divisions such as Dondia, Kisser, Luang,

Muli, Beseng, Jaro, Jurai, Kudumba,

Lanjie, Kapu

No clan or surname divisions

By Negotiation (Pankui),

By Elopement (Dingdengboi),

By Service (Kinersung), By Exchange

(ulaiboy), By Levirate,

By Sororate & Widow re-marriage.

Benign – Earth, hill,

pot, hearth,

sun, rain, wind,

stream Malign –

Tiger, small pox, sorcerer

Gamang (Civil Head), Buyya

(Religious Head), Desari

(Astronomer), Kudin (Recites

hymns)


Valmiki

34



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

--- Nagabonse (Snake),

Matsya (Fish), Pangi (Kite), Killo (Tiger),

Vanthala (Snake),

Korra (Sun), Ballu (Bear), Chelli (Goat)

By Capture, By Elopement,

By Service, By Negotiations,

By Levirate

Similar to other tribes in the area

Similar to other tribes in the area


YANADI

35



Marriage Patterns


Sub Divisions: Manchi Yanadi or

Reddi Yanadi, Challa Yanadi, Adivi Yanadi

Synonym:

Irula

No clans

Surnames: Aavula, Abburu, Alluri,

Buduru, Chenchugiri, Cherukuri,

Chevuri, Chukka, Guruju, Indla,

Jayampu, Kandukuru,

Seelam, Tiruveedula,

Yakasiri.

By Negotitations By Elopment

Chenchamma, Mahalakshmamma, Poleramma and all

Hindu Deities

Festivals: All Hindu Festivals

Kula Panchayath


Yerukula

36



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Synonyms: Koravan or Korcha or Kaikadi

Sub-divisions: Dabba, Eetha, Kunchapuri,

Uppu Yerukula

Sathupadi, Kavadi,

Manupadi, Mendraguthi

By Negotiations,

By Love & Elopement, By Exchange

Ankamma, Kollapuramma,

Poleramma, Yellamma and Hindu Gods

like Venkateswara,

Narasimha Swamy, Rama

etc.,

All Hindu Festivals

Kula Panchayath


NaikPodu

37



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

---- Surnames: Mothi,

Mangerepu, Naineni, Suddula,

Goyyi, Are, Babbili, Ganta,

Ramelli, Moota,

Dosani, Olepu, Reddi, Rodda,

Pembi, Bemini, Bandaru,

Padige, Peddi, Manubothula

etc.,

By Negotiations,


By Intrusion (Illu

sochadam), By Capture

Pochamma, Ankamma,

Boggularaju, Yellamma,

Bheemanna, Rajulu,

Chinnayya, Chilakalayya,

Lakshmi devara, Pandavulu, Pandiraju, Potaraju,

Gorrepothu, Singaboyudu and

Hindu deities.

KullaPanchyathPeddamanishi (Head man),

Pathani or Kothwal or Manegedu

(Messengers) (Religious Head

Kolakadu)


Gond

38



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Synonyms: Koitur

Sub-divisions:

RajGond, DurvaGond

Yedwen Saga Surnames:

Mesram, Madavi, Marsikolla,

Purka, Kodam SarwenSaga Aatram, Godam, Tumram, Katle,

Kudmetha, Pendor

SeevenSaga Kumra, Ada,

Kanaka, Jugnaka, Harka

NalwenSaga Sedamaki,

Sidam, Parchaki

By Negotiations,


By Capture, By Intrusion, By Levirate &

Sororate

Persapen, Akipen, Beemdev, Jangubai,

Hanuman, Natawal,

Polamrajulu

Festivals: Nowon (New fruit

eating), Holi, Diwali, Nagobai

Jatara.

Patel (Head), Mahajan &

Devari (Pujari).


Pardhan

39



Marriage Patterns

Deities / Festivals

Traditional Heads

Patadi as reffered by Gonds

Sathadevi, Sahadevi, Pachdevi, Chowdevi

By Negotiations,


By Capture, By Intrusion, By Exchange.

Similar to Gonds Panchu, Patel,

Mahajan, Devari,

Hawaldar, Karbari.


Kolam

40



Marriage Patterns


Kolava

Yedudayalkher, Arudayalkher, Aidudayalkher, Nalidayalkher

Surnames:

As in case of Gonds

By Negotiations,


By Capture, By Intrusion, By Levirate &

Sororate

Bhimayyak, Seethadevi,

Idumaladevi, Pothuraju, Jangubai

Festivals:

Pokkekotha panduga, Mondos,

Akhadi, Bhimayyaklagna.

Kula Panchayat

Naikon (Head), Delak

(Priest), Mahajan

(Messenger), Tarmakan

(Cook), Ghatial

(Distributor of food)

Validity of ST status claims in different situations

Claims by birth (Page No. 28)

Community claim shall be in the SC&STs Orders (Amendment)Act 2002-Act No 10 of 2003

The persons and parents actually belong to be community claimed and, to the AP state and to area with in which the community is Scheduled

may profess any religion

Claims through marriage (Page No. 29)

A non tribal by marrying a tribal does not get ST status. Similarly a tribal by marrying a non tribal does not loose ST status

41

Claims of Children through Inter Caste Marriage (Page No. 29)

Govt of India guidelines in Circular no 39387/73-SCT-I MHA dt:21-05-1977 and Supreme Court Judgments in various cases such as Civil Appeal No 6445 of 2000 in Anjan Kumar vs. Union of India; Civil Appeal No 4413 and 4414 of 2003 in Shobha Hymavathi Devi vs Setty Gangadhara Swamy and others

Primary conditions are that

Acceptance of such marriage by the tribal community

Brought up of the children as per the customs of the tribal community

Children, in their brought up, shall face all the disadvantages and disabilities socially, economically , educationally and cumulatively

Contd….

42

Children through Inter Caste Marriage

Each case is to be examined and enquired in to by the competent authority and satisfy that the claims are in accordance with above GoI guidelines in the above circular

Go Ms No.91 SW(CV.Dept)dt:03-10-2007 (Page No. 139) deleting the second para in Go.Ms No .371 (Page No. 65)

WP No. 24530 of 1977, dated: 21-1-1999 Case in which the High Court held that in paternal society, caste of the father will come to children in inter caste marriages may be correct in case of social and hereditary matters but not in case of constitutional benefits for which Scheduled Tribe specifications is meant for

Contd….

43

Claims for Illegitimate children (Page No. 29)

Caste / Community of the mother comes to the children

If mother is not there then father’s caste or community will come

Important factor is the acceptance and recognition of the tribal community

Claims in case of parents of different ST communities

Which community accepts and recognizes the children as members of their community it will be that of the children

44

Claims through Adoption (Page No. 29)

In Section 2(2) of the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act 1956, it is stated “nothing contained in the Act shall applies to the members of any Scheduled Tribe”

Adoption may be for social or personal purpose/reasons but not for availing Constitutional benefits

Adoption is allowed in case of claims as SCs/BCs as per guidelines /conditions given in Govt of India Circular no 35/1/72-RU.(SCT-5)MH dt:02-05-1975 (Page No. 37)

45

Claims through Migration (Page No.28)

Guidelines in GoI MHA Circular No BC 16014/1/82-SC&BCD-1 dt:18-11-82 and 06-08-1984 (Page No. 49)

The ST status of a community depends on the status in native state, as a community may be ST in one state and SC or BC in another state.

Migrants from native state to another state will not loose their ST status but they are eligible to the benefits meant for STs in their native state only but not to those of migrated state.

The competent authorities of the migrated state shall issue ST community certificates to such migrants on production and on the basis of a community certificate already issued to the applicant or his/her parents by the competent authority in their native state, if he is satisfied with its genuiness.

Contd….

46

Claims through Migration

Other wise he may refer it to the competent authority who issued the same for confirmation of its genuiness.

Same procedure is to be followed in case of migrants from one area where their community is specified as ST to another area within the state for Ex: Agency Area restriction.

Contd….

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Bentho –Oriya

Govt. Memo No. 22427/CV.2/93, dated: 03-05-1999

While cancelling all the earlier Memos, if the Government directed that Bentho-Oriya is an independent and distinct tribe and authorities shall not insist for their affinity with “Kotia” Tribe.

ST Community certificates as Bentho-Oriya may be given to those persons whose names are found in the electoral rolls of 1951 and their direct descendants.

Govt. Memo No. 14955/CV.2/2000-26, dated: 04-02-2005

Oddi is a generic term, which refers to all population who speak Oriya language or hails from Orissa.

These Oddis are entirely different from “Vaddi” the BC Community who are basically stone cutters and earth workers.

Contd….

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Bentho –Oriya

People belonging to both these groups are not entitled for Bentho-Oriya certificates and all such applications must be rejected.

If 1951 Electoral rolls are not available verify other records such as Birth or School records etc., relating to the period prior to 1951 before issuing certificates.

The Collectors of Srikakulam, Vizianagram and Visakhapatnam districts , also take necessary action for cancelling the caste certificates of the petitioners as per the prescribed procedure.

Govt. Memo No. 3106/CV.2/2005-2, dated: 11-11-2005 As per the orders of the Hon’ble High Court of A.P in disposing

W.P.No. 3740,3750 and 15822 of 2005. The issue whether a person belongs to a community which is

scheduled under Article 366, is a question of fact which will have to be decided by the competent authorities under Act 16 of 1993 which also provides that the District Collector is an authority to cancel the Certificates issued.

Contd….

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Bentho –Oriya

In case the committee/ the Government feels that the petitioners are not members of Bentho-Oriya Community (ST), they are free to approach the District Collector who is free to pass appropriate orders after hearing the parties. He may take into consideration the evidences collected by the Government after giving a chance to the Petitioners to challenge such evidence.

Govt Memo No. 883/CV.2/2007, dated: 21-05-2009

The Government instructed the District Collector, Srikakulam that “pending finalization of the issue, the status quo should be maintained in already issued Bentho-Oriya caste certificates and no certificate be cancelled when the Status quo orders are in operation”.

Contd….

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Identification of Scheduled Tribes – Problems

Similar Nomenclature

Kammara, Goud, Valmiki, Konda Kapu, Yeneti Khond.

Similar Occupation

Yerukula, Medhara, Kammara.

Claims through Adoption

Orphans

Immigration from other States.

Ordinary residence of the applicants

Entry of caste in School records and Voters list.

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