WELCOME TO THE CLASS OF ATM 1204

AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

MAC 2011

DAY:WEDNESDAY & THURSDAY

TIME:0900-1100A.M &1100-1300 PM

VENUE:BK 5

LECTURER INTRODUCTION

Sir AFIQ NAQIUDDIN BIN NAHRAWI@Sir Qiu

Bachelor Eng.Aerospace (hons),USM*On-going Msc Aerospace Eng,(Airline

Planning),UPMWorking exp: Airod Sdn Bhd~2010

FB/YM/ EMAIL: mr.hyunckel@yahoo.com012-4711527

“ Please do not hesitate to call me for any inquiry=)”

…Ice breaking..

~Gravity is not responsibility to make people fall in love~~

Elbert Einstein

Name?Hobby?Ambition?

How to be an effective and smart student??

Recite the prayer before and after the class.Give 100% attention to the lecture.Participate and active in class

Question and answer Study in the group.

Teach your friend if you know better . Using mind map instead of learning by heart.

Always meet the lecturer to discuss any academic problem.

Course Assessments For ATM

Attendance = 5% Assignment = 15% Test = 20%

-public speaking(10%) -writing test (10 %)Final Examination = 60%

Total = 100 %

WHO WANT TO GET “A” IN ATM??

~~YES!!!!! YOU WANT IT…BUT HOW???~~

Attend the ATM classPay 100% attentionDo exerciseDo assignmentSee lecturerDo well in mid-term testDo well in final exam test

ATM TOPIC

1. INTRODUCTION TO AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, TYPE OF CONTROL AREAS & FLIGHT PLAN

2. AERODROME CONTROL3. AREA CONTROL 4. APPROACH CONTROL --------------------------------------mid-term test------------------------------5. FLIGHT RULES –IFR6. VISUAL FLIGHT RULE-VFR7. RADIO TELEPHONY COMMUNICATION8. THE LET DOWN PROCEDURE-------------------------------------Final exam-----------------------------------

Course Materials for ATM

Air Traffic Management –AMC book textJournal: Air Traffic Management Concept

Baseline Definition- Boeing Commercial Airplane Group

Internet…..etc.

Course Outcomes ATM

By the end of this subject, student should be able to:

Know the basic responsibilities of Air Traffic control .the Air traffic services provided and the flight plan.

Know the function and responsibility of aerodrome control Know the function and responsibility of area control Know the function and responsibility of approach control Know the objective and function of instrument flight rules Know the objective and function of visual flight rules Know Importance of radio telephony communication Understanding and able to describe the letdown procedure

!!Reminder!!In my class:

Please be punctual and not late than 15 minutes. Please wearing proper attire for the class session. Please pay attention during the class. You may eat sweetie, candy, chocolate but not heavy food.

Set a goal in your life:

Know your goal and plan properly. Do revision/study before and after class time.

Eager to do research. Put interest in the subject.

Discipline (e.g. always be punctual!!). Always put academic as your priority.

Keeping good mental and physical health. Spend some time for meditation (pray).

Train to have strong imagination.

Do you know what kind of building is ?

CONDITION IN THE ATC BUILD

What will happen if we don’t have the ATC building?

Chapter 1:CONFIGURATION OF THE ATC TOWER

15

HEIGHT OF THE ATC TOWER

ITS HEIGHT OF THIS TALL DEPENDS ON THE AIRPORT RUNWAYS

E.G:SMALL AIRPORT LIKE SUBANG & PENANG :BIG AIRPORT-TWO PARALLEL RUNWAY LIKE

KLIA&CHANGI

A TOWER IS USED SO THAT THE ATC OFFICER CAN SEE THE RUNWAYS AND TAXIWAY CLEARLY.

HOW LONG THE TALL OF KLIA ATC?????-(130 M) THE TALLEST ATC IN THE WORLD????-Canton Tower (600 M),under construction Tokyo Sky

free(634M)

Chapter 1:CONFIGURATION OF THE ATC TOWER

Windows: Why the windows of the ATC tower have to surround the top of the

building? -in order the ATC officer to see air traffic all round.360 degrees.

Why the glass of window should reasonable thick? -to sustain the noise created by the aircraft - avoid reflection of the light - tinted to avoid sunrays penetrating and blinding the ATC officer

Chapter 1:CONFIGURATION OF THE ATC TOWER

ATC TOWER REQUIREMENT: RADIO TOWER EQUIPMENT: VHF & UHF DIALESS TELEPHONE SYSTEM

NAVIGATIONAL EQUIPMENTS ADF/NDB – for aircraft direction VOR/DME – for aircraft direction and distance ILS/MLS – for aircraft direction for landing to runway. Landing lights – for aircraft guidance for landing to runway

ATC Radar – to monitor the aircraft location and height in airspace

A flight strip progress Board. A light gun for communication with a/c if radio failure

of R/F An airport lighting system console

Chapter 1:FUNCTION OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

18

ATC is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air.

The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other support for pilots when requested.

A wrong or negligent control may cause catastrophic accident.

All ATC oral communication are recorded This is to check the communication should any incident or accident

happens. All message from ATC must be acknowledged by the party sent to as

having received and understood. This is to prevent misunderstanding which could lead to accidents.

A control needs to be aware of all the aircrafts flying under his control so that he could respond efficiently and safely.

Aerodrome/Area/Approach control

• ATC control for aircrafts landing, take off , ground control, taxiing at the airport-AVOID FLIGHT COLIDE with each other ,

ALERTING AND EMERGENCY SERVICES

• -Provide whenever in the event the a/c experience emergencies. & need assistant

MAIN COORDINATING BODY WITH AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

• In terms of security, fire emergencies and other.

Chapter 1:FUNCTION OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER

Chapter 1:AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES (ATS )

FIS•FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICES

ATC•AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

ALERTING SERVICE

•FOR EMERGENCY

ATAS•AIR TRAFFIC ADVISORY SERVICES

ATS(AIR TRAFFIC

SERVICE)

Chapter 1: OBJECTIVE OF AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES (ATS )

prevent collisions

between a/c

avoid collisions on the

maneuvering area.

expedite, maintain an

orderly flow of air traffic.

provide advice and information useful

for the safe and efficient conduct of

the flight

notify appropriate organization

regarding a/c in need SAR aid.

Chapter 1: TYPES OF CONTROL AREA

DEFINITION:

~~Dimensions within ATC service provided to all IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) and VFR ( visual Flight Rules)~~

Chapter 1:TYPES OF AIR SPACES

CONTROLLED

AIRSPACE

•Dimension Where ATC are exercise and all flight must adhere strictly to the condition applied therein under Instructions and control of the Air traffic Controller

UNCONTROLLED

AIRSPACE

•Dimensions outside the Control Airspace whereby all flight are not to subject to ATC•Namely by General aviation a/c and military tactical a/c

Chapter 1:TYPES OF CONTROLLED AIR SPACES

AIRWAYSCONTROL ZONES TERMINAL CONTROL AREAS(TMA)

Chapter 1: AIRWAYS

- AIR SPACES OF DEFINED DIMENSIONS- Sort of air corridors 10 to 30 nautical miles

wide- Upper limit 46,000 feet, lower limit 8000

feet.- Encompassed the ATS routes that joint

various point in the sky to provide protection to all flight.

- EXAMPLE: MALACCA,IPOH,ALOR STAR,KUALA TERENGGANU.

Chapter 1:CONTROL ZONE

Is an Airspace of defined dimension,In which a full air traffic control are exercise

in which all flights must adhere to strictly to ATC

20 nauticalUpper level of around 3,000 to 9,000 feet

from ground level.

Chapter 1:TERMINAL CONTROL AREAS (TMA)

o two or more airports are clustered together with their control zones

o The main airport is given authority to exercise, and named as TMA

o Example: 3 airport at KLIA, Subang, and TUDM, each with own Control zone.

o TMA establish to encompassed all the 3 airport.

o normal 60 nautical mile radius to 24,500 feet.

32

33

History of the Air traffic control

Archie William League, widely acknowledged as the first U.S. air traffic controller, was born in 1907 at Poplar Bluff, Missouri.

He passed away on October 1, 1986 at the age of 79 in Annandale, Virginia. League retired from the F.A.A. in 1973, as the Assistant Administrator for Appraisal,

with his claim to the first air traffic controller largely unchallenged.

History of the Air traffic control

his photo shows operations at the Newark, New Jersey air traffic control facility during 1936.

The en route controllers used maps and blackboards to help them keep track of the position of planes along the airways. They had no direct radio link with aircraft.

History of the Air traffic control

The pointed markers representing aircraft were moved across the map as flights progressed.

History of the Air traffic control

This photo shows the New York air traffic center in 1942. Racks of paper strips replaced blackboards as a way to note flight data.

History of the Air traffic control

In the 1970s, controllers became able to determine an aircraft's identity, altitude, and other data through alphanumeric codes on their radar scopes.

History of the Air traffic control

Chapter 1:Flight plan

~~FLIGHT PLANS ARE DOCUMENTS FILED BY

PILOTS OR A FLIGHT DISPATCHER WITH THE LOCAL CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITYPRIOR TO DEPARTURE. IT GIVES DETAILS

OFTHE INTENDED FLIGHT~~

Chapter 1:Flight plan

Before a pilot makes a flight:~~provide the relevant Authorities prior notification of the

details of his intended flight~~ Purpose:1. Provision of the type of Air traffic Services Needs2. Notification for alerting and Search & rescues in the

even of an accident

Chapter 1:Flight plan

Responsibility It is the responsibility of the aircraft captain to submit

the flight plan. He may delegate the work to flight dispatcher or local

agents. Flight plan must be submitted at least one hour before

flight (unless military flights) It is the duty of the captain to ensure the flight plan is

accurate and, if any changes occur, the ATC would be advised accordingly.

This includes aircraft call signs, proposed routes and airways, endurance, proposed flight levels proposed people on board, destinations, transit destinations, aircraft type.

Chapter 1:Flight plan

Flight plan submitted on prescribe FORM DCA 33 and shall submit for:

Any flight to be provided with ATC serviceAll Instrument Flight rulesAny flight into designated areas, relevant ATS

authority for Flight information , Alerting and SAR.

All flight across international airspace.

CHAPTER 1:FLIGHT PLAN- SUBMISSION OF FLIGHT PLANS

Content of a flight plan: IN MALAYSIA, SUBMITTED ON A PRESCRIBED DCA FORM 33

TO BESUBMITTED PRIOR TO OPERATING

1. ANY FLIGHT TO BE PROVIDED ATC SERVICES

2. ALL INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES FLIGHT

3. ALL FLIGHTS INTO DESIGNATED AREAS SO AS TO FACILITATE

RELEVANT ATS AUTHORITIES

4. TO PROVIDE FIS, ALERTING AND SAR

5. ALL FLIGHTS ACROSS INTERNATIONAL BORDERS

CHAPTER 1:FLIGHT PLAN- SUBMISSION OF FLIGHT PLANS

FLIGHT PLANS SHALL BE SUBMITTED:

a. AT LEAST 60 MINS PRIOR TO ETD

1. DEPARTING MALAYSIAN AIRPORT WHOSE

DESTINATIONS ARE OUTSIDE MALAYSIA

2. DEPARTING PENINSULAR MALAYSIA AIRPORTS FOR SABAH/SARAWAK .

CHAPTER 1:FLIGHT PLAN- SUBMISSION OF FLIGHT PLANS

FLIGHT PLANS SHALL BE SUBMITTED:

b. AT LEAST 30 MINS PRIOR TO DEPARTURE:

1. FLIGHTS OPERATING WITHIN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

2. FLIGHTS OPERATING WITHIN SABAH AND/OR SARAWAK

Chapter 1:CONTENTS OF A FLIGHT PLAN

a. IDENTIFICATION OF THE AIRCRAFT SUCH AS FLIGHT NO., AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION NO., OR SPECIFIED CALL SIGNb. SSR DATA CODE FOR RADAR CONTROL SERVICEc. TYPE OF FLIGHT RULES ADOPTED – IFR/VFRd. TYPE OF FLIGHT – SCHEDULE, CHARTER, TRAINING, MILITARY, GA etce. AIRCRAFT TYPEf. AIRCRAFT CALL SIGNg. AERODROME OF DEPARTUREh. ESTIMATED TIME OF DEPARTUREi. NUMBER OF PERSONS ON BOARD

Chapter 1:CONTENTS OF A FLIGHT PLAN

j. ESTIMATED TIMES OVER FIR BOUNDARYk. AIRCRAFT CRUISING SPEEDl. DESIRED FLIGHT LEVEL OR CRUISING LEVELm. PROPOSED ROUTE OF FLIGHTn. AERODROME OF DESTINATIONo. ALTERNATE AERODROMEp. ESTIMATED ELAPSED TIME TO REPORTING/ TURNING POINTS/DESTINATIONSq. OTHER INFORMATION SUCH AS FUEL

ENDURANCE, TYPE OF SURVIVAL EQPT CARRIED, etc

Chapter 1:TRANSMISSION OF FLIGHT PLANS

1. THE FLIGHT PLAN ONCE RECEIVED WILL BETYPED AND TRANSMITTED THROUGH THEAFTN (AERONAUTICAL FIXED TELEPHONICNETWORK)

2. TO ALL THE RELEVANT ATC UNITS SUCH AS AERODROME, APPROACH, AND AREA CONTROL UNITS BOTH IN COUNTRY

3. AND ALL THE FIRs EN ROUTE AND THE DESTINATION/ALTERNATE AERODROMES

Chapter 1:FLIGHT STRIP DATA

1. UPON RECEIPT OF THE FLIGHT PLAN THE FLIGHT DATA CONTROLLER WILL ENTER THE RELEVANT DATA ON THE FLIGHT DATA STRIP FOR USE BY THE ATC CONTROLLER

2. PRINTED ON PAPER OR ELECTRONIC FLIGHT STRIPS

*Please look page 60-61 AMC text book*

Chapter 1:Flight planning

Definition:~~Is a process of producing a flight plan to

described a proposed a/c flight~~

Chapter 1:FLIGHT PLANNING

INVOLVES TWO SAFETY CRITICAL ASPECTS

1. FUEL CALCULATION.. TO ENSURE AIRCRAFT CAN SAFELY REACH DESTINATION COMPLIANCE WITH ATC REQUIREMENTS

2. TO MINIMISE RISK OF MID AIR COLLISIONS.. AND MINIMISE FLIGHT COST BY APPROPRIATE CHOICE OF

ROUTE, HEIGHT, SPEED, LOADING MINIMUM SAFE FUEL CAPACITY ~~

Do you think A/C need reserve fuel and why?

Allow un foreseen circumstances:1. Inaccurate weather forecast2. Unexpected loading.(weight of bag, people)3. Routes and flight levels

~~Jumbo jet a/c burn up 80 tons of fuel on a 10 hour flight~~

Chapter 1:UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS

DISTANCE - Nautical MilesFUEL UNITS - KG , POUNDS, GALLONS, LITRES

HEIGHT - FLT LEVEL , FEET, METRES

SPEED - KNOTS , MACH NO

WEIGHT - KG, POUNDS TONS

* Please read text book: pages 63-79*

Summary of chapter 1

Configuration of air traffic controllerFunction of traffic control towerAir Traffic ServicesObjective of Air traffic servicesType of airspaceType of controlled airspaceFlight PlanFlight ContentFlight strip data/plan

Exercise!!!!!

In your word, why there a need to have the control to be the tallest building at the airport?

What happen to ATC officer if the ATC tower has a thin glass window?

Please list down at least 3 ATC tower requirements and why they need them?

What are the objectives of air traffic services and explain the reasons why air traffic services are needed

By your own word, what happen if no Air traffic control in airport building?

What are the different between Control Airspace and Uncontrolled airspace?

Why is a flight plan needed before a purpose flight? What are the contents of a flight Plan?