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Welcome to the ABB WebinarLightning ProtectionLightning Protection

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© ABB Group November 15, 2012 | Slide 1

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Li ht i P t tiABB Engineering Services / Webinar - 14th September 2011

Lightning Protection


ABB Engineering Services

ABB GroupABB Group Headquarters: Zurich, Switzerland

More than 130,000 employees in about 100 countries

Orders in 2010: £32 billion

ABB Engineering Services part of ABB Consultancy businessg g p y

“A leading international technical consultancy focussed on process industries”

Focus on the chemical power oil & gas metals and pharmaceutical sectors Focus on the chemical, power, oil & gas, metals and pharmaceutical sectors

500 employees

UK Offices Warrington, Billingham, Burton-on -Trent, Aberdeen, Hull

World-class safety performance

Operating Globally in Azerbaijan, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, S.Africa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Thailand, UAE & USA


y g p

Accounts

Objectives for the webinar

Update on key industry topics Update on key industry topics

Share good practice


Li ht i P t tiJohn Jones, ABB Engineering Services / Webinar - 14th September 2011

Lightning ProtectionAs required by Part 2 of BS 62305:2006q y


Recent events...

The Airbus A380 on its descentThe Airbus A380 on its descent into London’s Heathrow airport.

Gatwick Airport – Lightning strike near to control tower. Resulted in temporary loss of systems


Recent events...

T d il tTexaco crude oil storage

Houston, Texas

The fire started when lightning struckThe fire started when lightning struck the tank

Antwerp Harbour, Belgium g


Have you seen these effects: ?

Broken Broken

TVs

Modem Router

PC’s

Hi-Fi

Telephone Cordless

Etc

In Industry

DCS

SIS

Field Equipment

© ABB Group November 15, 2012 | Slide 9© ABB Group November 15, 2012 | Slide 9

POLL 1

Purpose of today

Is to understand:Is to understand:

The process and methodology to perform a risk assessment as required by BS 62305:2006 Part 2


History of lightning protection in the UK…


What is Lightning ?

Li hti i t h i l t t tiLighting is an atmospheric electrostatic discharge that typically occurs during a thunder storm, but also during volcanic eruptions and dust stormseruptions and dust storms.

Lightning can :

Reach speeds of 140,000 mph,

Reach temperatures of 30,000°C

Carry a current up to 18 kA

Carry a charge of 30 – 50 million volts


British Standard BS EN 62305:2006

British Standard for lightning Protection was BS6651 fromBritish Standard for lightning Protection was BS6651 from 1985

In the last twenty years our understanding of the subject (and its effect) has increased.

This resulted in a new suite of standards This resulted in a new suite of standards

UK now 1 of 28 European countries that form CENELEC -(Electrical arm of Comite European de Normalisation)

4 Part standard produced under CENELEC produced EN62305

Each European country has adopted a variation of EN62305 which are to be used in their own country Annexeswhich are to be used in their own country - Annexes

BS EN 62305:2006 is the same as EN 62305 with modifications for National ‘Annexes’

Other non-EU countries might have their own national gstandard which would take precedence over EN62305

If EN62305 is used in a non-EU country then the relevant Annexe shall be used

BS6651 withdrawn in 2008


BS6651 withdrawn in 2008

British Standard BS EN 62305 : Parts 1 - 4


Identify the types of loss relevant to

Risk Management Procedure

Identify the structure to be protected

the structure to be protected Rn

R1 Risk of loss of human life

R2 Risk of loss of service to the public

R3 Risk of loss of cultural heritage

R4 Risk of loss of economic value

F h l t b id d

For each loss to be considered

identify the tolerable level of risk Rt

For each loss to be considered,

identify and calculate the risk

components Rx that make up the

total risk Rntotal risk Rn

Calculate

Rn = Rx

R < RtInstall protection

measures in orderNo

Rn<=Rt measures in order

to reduce Rn

Yes


For each loss to be considered

identify the tolerable level of risk Rt

BS EN 62305 Part 2 risk assessment

Have you carried out a BS EN 62305 Part 2 risk assessment? Have you carried out a BS EN 62305 Part 2 risk assessment?

What are you going to do with the results?

Any corrective actions! Any corrective actions!


POLL 2

Notes about types of damage & types of losses

D1: damage to living beings due to contact and step D1: damage to living beings due to contact and step voltage

D2: material damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction, release of chemical substances) due to the effect of the lighting current, including destructive discharges

D3: system faults due to LEMP (lightning electromagnetic impulse)

L1: loss of human life

L2: loss of public service L2: loss of public service

L3: loss of irreplaceable cultural heritage

L4: economic loss loss of the structure and its content


L4: economic loss, loss of the structure and its content

The S1 effect of lightning

“S1” Lightning on the structure:“S1” Lightning on the structure:

this occurs when lightning hits the structure directly causing possible immediate mechanical damage, fires and/or explosions, damage to people due to step and contact voltages and faults or malfunctioning of internal systems due to LEMP (lightning electromagnetic impulse)

Type of Damage

Injury to living beings (D1)

Type of LossLoss of human life (L1)

L f bli i (L2)Physical damage caused by dangerous sparking inside the structure (D2)

Failure of internal systems caused by LEMP (D3)

Loss of public service (L2)

Loss of irreplaceable cultural heritage (L3)

Economic loss, loss of the structure and its content (L4)


LEMP (D3)


“S2” Lightning near the structure:“S2” Lightning near the structure:

this occurs when lightning hits near the structure (at a distance “d”) causing possible faults or malfunctioning of internal systems due to LEMP (lightning electromagnetic impulse)

Type of Damage



L f bli i (L2)LEMP (D3) Loss of public service (L2)



The S3 effect of lightning“S3” Li ht i i t i“S3” Lightning on services entering the structure:

this occurs when lightning does not hit the g gstructure directly but the services entering the structure (telephone cables, antenna systems, electrical line etc...) causing possible fires and/ or explosions started by discharges due to surges

and lightning currents transmitted byType of Damage

Injury to living beings (D1) and lightning currents transmitted by means of the entering service, damage to people due to contact voltages inside the structure and faults or malfunctioning of

Injury to living beings (D1)

Physical damage caused by dangerous sparking inside the structure (D2)

Failure of internal systems caused by structure and faults or malfunctioning of internal systems due to surges



Loss of public service (L2)

Loss of irreplaceable cultural heritage (L3)

E i l l f th t t d it




“S4” Lightning near the services“S4” Lightning near the services entering the structure:

this occurs when lightning hits near the services entering the structure (at a distance “d”) causing possible faults or malfunctioning of internal systems due to surges

Type of Damage



L f bli i (L2)LEMP (D3) Loss of public service (L2)



Lightning protection

Buildings Process Plant

VsVsStructure Covered by Faraday cage...

However Electronic Equipment Vulnerable from indirect strike

Well defined


Well defined

“Protects Building”

Process plant vulnerability


Typical exposure to risk


BS EN 62305 risk assessment methodology

Cable routing

Number of cablesu be o cab es

Cable types

Existing protectiong p

Size of structure / building

Surrounding area

Location


HSE ALARP (As Low As reasonably Practicable)


Industry Example...

Line 1 PowerLine 2 Unshielded and no bondingLine 3 Instrumentation

Line 2Line 3

Line 4 InstrumentationLine 5 InstrumentationLine 6 UPS Power supply

Li 1

Control Building

Line 1Line 4

Line 6 g

Primary structure

Line 5

Primary structureStructure ID: Primary Structure - Rectangular with a pitched hipped roof

Lb 42.00 m Length of primary structureWb 18.00 m Width of primary structureHe 6.00 m Height to eaves of primary structureHr 9 00 m Height to ridge of primary structure

EnvironmentNg 0.04 Lightning flash density (Flashes/km²/year)Cd 0.25 Location factorCe 0.00 Environmental factor

Hr 9.00 m Height to ridge of primary structure


Rho 50.00 �m Soil resistivity (Ohm metres)

Typical assessment results

Li ht i i k t f b ildiLightning risk assessment for buildings

Tolerable Risk Direct Strike Risk Indirect Strike Risk Calculated RiskRT RD RI RXRT RD RI RX

Control Building 1 1 E ‐05 0.043 E ‐05 1.36 E ‐05 1.4 E ‐05Control Building 2 1 E ‐05 0.068 E ‐05 1.25 E ‐05 1.31 E ‐05Control Building 3 1 E ‐05 0.178 E ‐05 1.33 E ‐05 1.5 E ‐05Control Building 4 1 E ‐05 0.013 E ‐05 1.01 E ‐05 1.02 E ‐05

What does this mean?

Building 4 1 E 05 0.013 E 05 1.01 E 05 1.02 E 05


Explanation of results

R2_T and R3_T not applicable to a process plant


Where might you fail ?

Examples Examples

Old Telecom Cables

Multicore cables entering plant Multicore cables entering plant

Power cables entering buildings

No surge protection fittedNo surge protection fitted


Summary

Process Plant to be treated differently to ‘buildings’ Process Plant to be treated differently to buildings .

Risk assessment will be required Risk assessment will be required

Good chance of “failing” risk assessment for indirect strikeGood chance of failing risk assessment for indirect strike

But, you may be able to mitigate the risk by modifying / d ti i ti kitadapting existing kit

Benefits Vs Cost. – ALARP

Use relevant Annexe if non-UK


Question and answer session

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Forthcoming webinars 2011

19th October 2011 COMAH For Recent Entrants19th October 2011 COMAH - For Recent Entrants

16th November 2011 The Learning from Buncefield

If you wish to book onto any of these forthcoming webinars or i i f ti l il LTF @ b bbrequire more information please email: [email protected]

This Lightning Protection Webinar will be hosted on our website and This Lightning Protection Webinar will be hosted on our website and a link will soon be available.


Contact details

John JonesJohn JonesConsultant

Tel: 01642 833642

Mobile: 07889 044739

Email: [email protected]

Ken ShepherdKen ShepherdProcess Automation

Tel: 01642 372223

Email: [email protected]

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